《供应链管理》第十二章习题整理版doc.docx
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《供应链管理》第十二章习题整理版doc.docx
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《供应链管理》第十二章习题整理版doc
Chapter12
DeterminingOptimalLevelofProductAvailability
True/False
1.Thelevelofproductavailabilityisalsoreferredtoasthecustomerservicelevel.
2.Asupplychaincanuseahighlevelofproductavailabilitytoimproveitsresponsivenessandattractcustomers.
3.Ahighlevelofproductavailabilityrequireslessinventory,whichwillkeepcostsdownforthesupplychain.
4.Asupplychainneedstoachieveabalancebetweenthelevelofavailabilityandthecostofinventorythatmaximizessupplychainrevenues.
5.Whethertheoptimallevelofavailabilityishighorlowdependsonwhereaparticularcompanybelievestheycanmaximizeprofits.
6.ThecostofoversellingisdenotedbyCoandisthelossincurredbyafirmforeachunsoldunitattheendofthesellingseason.
7.ThecostofunderstockingisdenotedbyC^andisthemarginlostbyafirmforeachlostsalebecausethereisnoinventoryonhand.
8.Thecostofundersellingisakeyfactorthatinfluencestheoptimallevelofproductavailability.
9.Thecostsofoverstockingandunderstockinghaveadirectimpactonboththeoptimalcycleservicelevelandprofitability.
10.Astheratioofthecostofoverstockingtothecostofunderstockinggetssmaller,theoptimallevelofproductavailabilitydecreases.
11.Withreduceddemanduncertainty,asupplychainmanagercanbettermatchsupplyanddemandbyreducingbothoverstockingandunderstocking.
12.Anincreaseinforecastaccuracyincreasesboththeoverstockedandunderstockedquantityanddecreasesafirm'sprofits.
13.Supplychainmanagersareabletoincreasetheirforecastaccuracyasleadtimesdecrease,whichallowsthemtobettermatchsupplywithdemandandincreasesupplychainprofitability.
14.Ifquickresponseallowsmultipleordersintheseason,profitsincreaseandtheoverstockquantityincreases.
15.Quickresponseresultsinthemanufacturermakingalowerprofitintheshorttermifallelseisunchanged.
16.Thereisacostassociatedwithpostponementbecausetheproductioncostusingpostponementistypicallylowerthantheproductioncostwithoutit.
17.Postponementisvaluableforafirmthatsellsalargevarietyofproductswithdemandthatisindependentandcomparableinsize.
18.Postponementmayincreaseoverallprofitsforafirmifasingleproductcontributesthemajorityofthedemandbecausetheincreasedmanufacturingexpenseduetopostponementoutweighsthesmallbenefitthataggregationprovidesinthiscase.
19.Tailoredpostponementallowsafirmtoincreaseitsprofitabilitybyonlypostponingtheuncertainpartofthedemandandproducingthepredictablepartatalowercostwithoutpostponement.
20.Intailoredsourcing,firmsuseacombinationoftwosupplysources,onefocusingoncostandabletohandleuncertaintywell,andtheotherfocusingonflexibilitytohandleuncertainty,butatahighercost.
21.Tailoredsourcingmaybevolume-basedorproduct-baseddependingonthesourceofuncertainty.
22.Involume-basedtailoredsourcing,thepredictablepartofaproduct'sdemandisproducedataflexiblefacility,whereastheuncertainportionisproducedatanefficientfacility.
23.Inproduct-basedtailoredsourcing,low-volumeproductswithuncertaindemandareobtainedfromaflexiblesource,whilehigh-volumeproductswithlessdemanduncertaintyareobtainedfromanefficientsource.
24.Acontractmaycontainspecificationsregardingquantity,price,time,andquality.
25.Doublemarginalizationreferstothefactthatthetotalsupplychainisdividedbetweenthemanufacturerandtheretailer.
26.Manufacturerscanusebuy-backcontractstoincreasetheirownprofitsaswellastotalsupplychainprofits.
27.Buybacksencourageretailerstoincreasethelevelofproductavailability.
28.Revenuesharingwithalowerwholesalepriceallowsretailersbutnotmanufacturerstoincreasetheirprofit.
29.Revenuesharingencouragesretailerstoincreasethelevelofproductavailability.
30.Manufacturerscanusecontractswithquantityflexibilitytoincreasetheirownprofitsattheexpenseoftotalsupplychainprofits.
31.Withvendor-managedinventory(VMI),thecontrolofthereplenishmentdecisionmovestothemanufacturerinsteadoftheretailer.
32.VMIcanallowamanufacturertoincreasetheirprofitsaswellasprofitsfortheentiresupplychainbyincreasingsomeoftheeffectsofdoublemarginalization.
MultipleChoice
1.Thelevelofproductavailability
a.isalsoreferredtoasthecustomerservicelevel.
b.isanimportantcomponentofanysupplychain'sresponsiveness.
c.increasesrevenuesforthesupplychainbyincreasingsales.
d.Alloftheabovearetrue.
e.Onlyaandbaretrue.
2.Asupplychaincanuseahighlevelofproductavailabilityto
a.improveitsresponsivenessandattractcustomers.
b.reducecostsforthesupplychainbyreducinginventories.
c.increaserevenuesforthesupplychainbyincreasingsales.
d.Alloftheabovearetrue.
e.Onlyaandcaretrue.
3.Ahighlevelofproductavailabilityrequires
a.largeinventoriesandtendstoraisecostsforthesupplychain.
b.largeinventoriesandtendstoreducecostsforthesupplychain.
c.smallinventoriesandtendstoraisecostsforthesupplychain.
d.smallinventoriesandtendstoreducecostsforthesupplychain.
e.noneoftheabove
4.Asupplychainneedstoachieveabalancebetweenthelevelofavailabilityandthecostofinventorythat
a.maximizessupplychainrevenues.
b.minimizessupplychaincosts.
c.maximizessupplychainprofitability.
d.maximizessupplychainavailability.
e.alloftheabove
5.Whethertheoptimallevelofproductavailabilityishighorlowdependsonwhereaparticularcompanybelievestheycan
a.minimizecost.
b.maximizerevenue.
c.maximizeprofits.
d.maximizeproductavailability.
e.alloftheabove
6.Thekeyfactorsthatinfluencetheoptimallevelofproductavailabilitydonotinclude
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.Alloftheabovearekeyfactors.
e.Noneoftheabovearekeyfactors.
7.Thelossincurredbyafirmforeachunsoldunitattheendofthesellingseasonis
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.thecostofoversellingtheproduct.
e.thecostofundersellingtheproduct.
8.Themarginlostbyafirmforeachlostsalebecausethereisnoinventoryonhandis
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.thecostofoversellingtheproduct.
e.thecostofundersellingtheproduct.
9.Themarginlostfromcurrentaswellasfuturesalesifthecustomerdoesnotreturnshouldbeincludedin
a.thecostofoverstockingtheproduct.
b.thecostofstockingtheproduct.
c.thecostofunderstockingtheproduct.
d.thecostofoversellingtheproduct.
e.thecostofundersellingtheproduct.
10.Whichofthefollowingisnotasituationinvolvingthetrade-offbetweenthecostofoverstockingandthecostofunderstocking?
a.seasonalproductswhereallleftoveritemsmustbedisposedofattheendoftheseason
b.continuouslystockeditemswheredemandduringstockoutisbacklogged
c.continuouslystockeditemswheredemandduringstockoutislost
d.continuouslystockeditemswheredemandduringstockoutisredirected
e.noneoftheabove
11.Thecostsofoverstockingandunderstockinghaveadirectimpacton
a.theoptimalcycleservicelevelbutnotprofitability.
b.profitabilitybutnottheoptimalcycleservicelevel.
c.boththeoptimalcycleservicelevelandprofitability.
d.neithertheoptimalcycleservicelevelorprofitability.
e.theoptimalcycleservicelevelandanindirectimpactonprofitability.
12.Whichofthefollowingisnotamanageriallevertoincreaseprofitability?
a.increasingthesalvagevalueofeachunit
b.decreasingthemarginlostfromastockout
c.reducingdemanduncertainty
d.reducingthelevelofproductavailabilitybelowoptimal
e.increasingforecastaccuracy
13.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeastrategytoincreasethesalvagevalueofanunsoldproduct?
a.discardingtheunusedmaterial
b.sellingunsoldproducttoanoutletstore
c.keepingtheproductininventoryuntilitsells
d.reducethelevelofcycleinventory
e.noneoftheabove
14.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeastrategytodecreasethemarginlostinastockout?
a.arrangingforbackupsourcing
b.discardingtheunusedmaterial
c.sellingunsoldproducttoanoutletstore
d.reducethelevelofcycleinventory
e.noneoftheabove
15.Astheratioofthecostofoverstockingtothecostofunderstockinggetssmaller,
a.theoptimallevelofproductavailabilitybecomesirrelevant.
b.theoptimallevelofproductavailabilitydecreases.
c.theoptimallevelofproductavailabilityremainsstable.
d.theoptimallevelofproductavailabilityincreases.
e.noneoftheabove
16.Whichofthefollowingisnotanapproachtoreducetheuncertaintyofdemand?
a.tailoredsourcing
b.quickresponse
c.postponement
d.improvedforecasting
e.decreasedmargin
17.Withreduceddemanduncertainty,asupplychainmanagercan
a.increasebothoverstockingandunderstocking.
b.increaseoverstockingandreduceunderstocking.
c.reduceoverstockingandincreaseunderstocking.
d.reducebothoverstockingandunderstocking.
e.noneoftheabove
18.Acompanythatusesbettermarketintelligenceandcollaborationtoreducedemanduncertaintyismakinguseof
a.tailoredsourcing.
b.quickresponse.
c.postponement.
d.improvedforecasting.
e.decreasedmargin.
19.Acompanythatreducesreplenishmentleadtimesothatmultipleordersmaybeplacedinthesellingseasonismakinguseof
a.tail
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