英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit6FindtheRightWords听力原文docx.docx
- 文档编号:14367065
- 上传时间:2023-06-22
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:61
- 大小:130.51KB
英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit6FindtheRightWords听力原文docx.docx
《英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit6FindtheRightWords听力原文docx.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit6FindtheRightWords听力原文docx.docx(61页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编Unit6FindtheRightWords听力原文docx
-----
Listenthisway听力教程第三册-6
Unit6FindtheRightWords
PartIGettingready
Audioscript:
TheEnglishlanguagecanbetracedbacktoprehistoricIndo-
EuropeanthroughtheWestGermanicline.However,manyother
influenceshaveshapedthedevelopmentofModernEnglish.We
willreviewsomeimportantdatesinthehistoryoftheEnglish
language.ThefirstthreeareLatininfluences:
1.In5,5B.C.CaesarconqueredBritainandtheCelticpeople.
2.In43.B.C.Romecolonizedtheisland.
3.TheRomansremainedfor400years(thefirstfourcenturiesoftheChristianEra).
Thenextsignificantdateswere:
4.Theyear499(whichwastheyearoftheAnglo-Saxonconquestoftheisland).
5.From500on,theWestGermaniclanguagewasthebasiclanguageofBritain(orEngland).
Influencesfromotherlanguagescontinuedhowever.
6.InthesixthandseventhcenturiesEnglandwasChristianizedby
-----
-----
missionariessentbythePope(sothatLatininfluencecontinued).
Then,
7.Intheeig11thandninthcenturiestheNorsemen(Vikings),invadedEnglandwiththeirOldNorselanguage.
8.In1066.theNormanConquestbroughtFrenchlinguisticinfluence.
9.TheFrenchinfluencecontinuedfor300years(theninth
centurythroughthe11thcentury).
10.Andfinally,inthefifteenandsixteenhundreds,whenclassicallearningwasrevived,therewascontinuedLatinlanguageinfluence.
Audioscript:
1.Peoplearedelightedifyoucanspeaktheirlanguage,andthey
don'tcarehowwellyouspeakit.Theyarenotupsetwhenyou
makemistakes.Ithinkinordertolearn,youmustn'tbeafraidof
makingmistakes.
2.I'maveryshypersonandit'snoteasyformetotalktostrangers.
Butyouhavetoforceyourselftotalktopeople.That'swhatIdid
anditreallyhelpedme.
3.Ithinkthebestlanguagelearnersarepeoplewithasenseofhumor.Trytolaughatyourownmistakesanddon'ttakeyourself
tooseriously.You'llfindthatotherpeoplewillbesympathetic
whenyoumakemistakes.
4.Itooktwocoursesinbusinessstudies.Iread,studied,listenedto
-----
-----
lecturesandtooknotesinEnglish.Itwasaverygoodexperience
formebecauseIdidn'thavetimetothinkaboutthelanguage.I
recommendforgettingaboutthegrammarandthinkingaboutthe
meaninginstead.
5.Inmyexperience,learningaforeignlanguagealwaysinvolvesalotoftime,alotofboringworkandlotsofproblems!
Inshort,ifyouwanttolearnanotherlanguageyouhavetoworkhard.
6.Trytoreadasmuchasyoucan.Ithinkthat'sthebestwaytoimproveyourEnglishandtolearnmorenewwords.IalwaystrytoreadsomethinginEnglisheveryday.
PartIISkillstocommunicatebad
news
Audioscript:
AviArditti:
I'mAviArdittiwithRosanneSkirble,andthisweekonWordmaster:
givingdoctorsbetterskillstocommunicatebadnews.
RosanneSkirble:
AnthonyBackisamedicaloncologistattheUniversityofWashingtonandtheFredHutchinsonCancerResearchCenterinSeattle.Heandfourcolleaguesarein
-----
-----
thefifthyearleadingaprogramfundedwithoneandone-
halfmilliondollarsfromtheNationalCancerInstitute.
AviArditti:
DoctorBacksaysspeciallytrainedactorsplaycancerpatientstohelponcologistslearnhowtoavoidsoundinginsensitivewhentheprognosisisgrim.
AnthonyBack:
ProbablythebiggestmisconceptionIfaceisthatyou'reeitherbornwiththisoryou'renot.Infact,whattheresearchshowsisthatpeoplelearntodothisovertime.
Andthewaytheylearntodoitistheyseegoodrolemodels,
theypractice,theygetspecificfeedbackonwhatthey're
doing,theytry-outnewthings,theyinnovateanddevelop
newconversationalpracticesforthemselves.
AviArditti:
Canyougiveussomeexamplesofthoseconversational
practices--whataresomewaystoimpartbadnews?
AnthonyBack:
Here'sanexample:
Thepatienthashadcancerinthepast,hasbeendoingwellandiscominginforsomeroutinefollow-uptests.Theroutinefollow-uptestsunexpectedlyshowthecancerhasstartedtocomeback.
Thedoctorwilltypicallygoinandsaytothepatient,
"Guesswhat,yourcancer'sback."Andthepatientwillbe
-----
-----
justblownaway,right?
Thereareacoupleofpractices
therethatdoctorscandothatcanhelp.Oneistostartwith
--especiallyifyoudon'tknowthepatient--askingwhatthepatientexpected,whatdidtheyunderstandabouttheircancer,whatweretheyexpectingwiththistest.Becauseifthepatientsaystoyou"Youknow,theydidn'ttellmeanything.I'mjustherebecauseIgotthisappointmentinthemail,"that'sonewholekindofcomprehensionlevel.
Whereasifthepatientsays"IhadaTlNlMOlungcancer
andtheytoldmeIhadafifty-fivepercentchanceof
diseaserecurrenceinthenexttwoyears,"that'sawhole
differentstory,right?
Thesecondthingisthatafteryougivethisdifficultnews,
thenIthinkit'sreallyimportanttoaddressboththe
cognitivereactionandalsothekindoftheemotionalside
ofit.
RosanneSkirble:
Whataresomeofthephrasesorthewaysinwhichyoucancouchthisnews?
AnthonyBack:
Youknow,thewaytomakeiteasieristomakesurethatyouaregoingfromthecontextthepatientdrewforyou.Soyougofromwhatthepatientunderstandsandyoutryto
-----
-----
usetheirwordsasmuchaspossible.Andthen,whenyou
gettothereallybadpartofthenews,Ithinkit'sactually
importanttobedirectandconcreteandnottocouchthe
news.It'sbettertosay"Thecancerhascomeback"thanto
say"Therearehypo-densitiesinyourliverontheCT"(or)
"Youhaveamalignancy."Allthoseeuphemismsforce
patientstostruggletounderstandwhat'shappeningtothem,
anditaddstotheirconfusionanddistress.
RosanneSkirble:
:
Well,shouldtheysaythingslike"Iwishthingsweredifferent"or"Ihopeforthebest,"orshouldadoctorkindofmaintainadistance?
AnthonyBack:
Youknow,mythoughtaboutthatactuallyisthatthemoreskilledthephysician,thelesstheyhavetodistancethemselves.Therearesomephrasesthatweuse,andthemostimportantonesarereallytheonesthatareaboutempathyforthepatient.Youknow,"Iseethisisadifficultsituation,Iseethisisnotwhatyouexpected,I'm
hopingforthebest."AndIthinkit'sfinefordoctorstotalkabouthope,andIthinkit'simportantactually.
-----
-----
AviArditti:
Letmeaskyou,haveyouseenanyculturaldifferencescomeupinthetrainingprogramsasyou'vehaddoctorsgothrough?
AnthonyBack:
Youknow,wehaveactuallyaverymulticulturalgroupofphysicianswhocome,andtheyallbringinalltheirowndifferentvaluesabouthowfrankshouldpeoplebe.BecausetheAmericanstandard,ofcourse,isthat
patientsthemselvesgetalltheinformation,theymakethedecisionthemselves,andthere'sthisverystrongemphasisonautonomy.Andinalotofotherculturesthat'sreallynotthecase.
RosanneSkirble:
Andwhatgotyoustartedinthefirstplace?
AnthonyBack:
Whatgotmestartedwas,whenIwasanoncologytrainee,andthiswasafterapersonalexperience--mymotherhaddiedofapre-leukemiakindofthing--Irememberwalkingaroundinthebone-marrowtransplantwardswiththisexperienced--itwasthisother,olderseniorphysician--goingaroundhavingtheselife-and-deathconversationswithpatientsandthinking,God,therehasgottobeabetterwaytodothis.
-----
-----
AviArditti:
Theresult,saysDoctorAnthonyBackinSeattle,isaprogramthathasnowtrainedaboutonehundred-eightyoncologistsatretreatsheldtwiceayear.TheprogramWeb
siteisoncotalk.info--that'so-n-c-o-t-a-l-kdoti-n-f-o.
PartIIIForeignaccents
Audioscript:
SectionI
AsfarasI'mconcerned,IdotendtojudgepeopleImeetbytheir
accents.Idon'tmeanthatI'masortofsnob,andonlylikepeople
withposhaccents,butIneverfeelcomfortablewithanewperson
untilI'vebeenabletoplacethemfromthewaytheyspeak.Ifit'san
Englishperson,IfeelmuchmoreateaseifIcansay"Ah,hecomes
formLiverpool",or"He'sprobablybeentopublicschool".Isuppose
thenIknowwhattotalkaboutandwhattoexpectfromtheother
person.
Thesameistrueofforeigners.Personally,Ipreferaforeignerto
speakwitharecognizableforeignaccent,sothatIknowthatI'm
talkingtoaFrenchman,aGhanaian,aPole,andsoon.Soforme,it
seemsabitpointlessforforeignerstotrydesperatelyhardtogetrid
oftheirnationalaccentandtrytospeakBBCEnglish.Ifsomeoneis
-----
-----
clearlyFrench,Iknowthere'snopointintalkingaboutcricketor
makingjokesabouttheIrish.Andfrankly,Ithinkitevensounds
moreattractive.Ican'treallyexplainwhy,butifapersonhasa
foreignaccent,theyseemtobemoreinteresting,eveniftheyare
sayingthemostordinarythings.
Audioscript:
SectionII
Mindyou,thereisalimittointelligibility.Iftheaccentissostrong
thatyouhaveastruggletounderstandwhattheyaresaying,thenthat
getsinthewayoftheconversation,andtheflowisbrokenwhileyoutry
tosortoutthesoundsintomeaningfulbits.Idon'tmeananaccentas
strongasthat.I'mtalkingaboutthekindofaccentwhereyoucantell
immediatelywhichcountrythepersoncomesfrom,butwherethey've
gotenoughEnglishtocarryonagoodconversationwithoutsearching
forwords,ormessingu
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语听力 教程 第三 版张民伦 主编 Unit6FindtheRightWords 听力 原文 docx