毕设外文翻译Word格式.docx
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毕设外文翻译Word格式.docx
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计算机学院
专业:
网络工程
班级:
网络1101
学生姓名:
周从军
导师姓名:
朱辉职称:
讲师
Abstract
PHPandMYSQLhasbeenthemainwebdevelopmenttoolforitisfreeandopensource.TheauthorshavediscussedtheenvironmentalissuesindevelopmentprocessbasedonPHPandMYSQLandtheimplementationprocessofthewebsite.KeywordsPHP;
MYSQL;
DevelopmentandImplementation.
1.INTRODUCTION
WiththedevelopmentofWebtechnology,itisinevitablechoiceforallkindofcorporategrowthtocombinetraditionalmarketingwithnetworkmarketing.Theeffectivemethodofnetworkmarketingistoestablishthewebsitewhichissuitablefortheircompany.Atpresentthewebsitedevelopment'
smainstreamplatformincludes:
LAMP(Linuxoperatingsystem,Apachenetworkserver,MYSQLdatabase,PHPprogramminglanguage),J2EEand.Netcommercialsoftware.BecausePHPandMYSQLisfree,opensourceandsoon,theyarenotedforITprofessionals.Fromtheperspectiveofwebsitetraffic,morethan70%ofwebsitetrafficisprovidedwithLAMP,whichismostpopularplatformfordevelopingthewebsite.Inthispaper,wedesignedawebsitebasedonPHPandMYSQL.Thepaperisorganizedasfollows.Section1makeconclusionInSection5.
2.DEVELOPMENTENVIRONMENTANALYSIS
A.TheChoiceofDevelopmentLanguage
ASP.NET,PHP&
JSParethreemainstreamlanguagesofthewebsitedevelopment,whichhavetheiradvantagesanddisadvantagesrespectively,thecomparisonbetweenthemisshowninTable1.TheprojecttakesPHPasthedevelopmentlanguage,thereasonisasfollows:
•Free.Theprojectissmall,whichisnoneedtousethepaymentdevelopmentplatformsuchasASP.NETandJSP.•Strongsupporting.Middleandsmallscalewebsites,evensomelarge-scalewebsitessuchasbaidu,SinainChinatakePHPasthedevelopmentlanguage,whichcancontributetosolvetheproblemduringtheprogramming.analyzesdevelopmentenvironment.InSection2,weproposedthedevelopmentmodelbasedonPHP.ThencasestudyinSection4.we
•Goodportability.AlthoughitisdesignedtouseintheenvironmentofLinuxandApacheWebserversystematfirst,nowPHPisalreadytransplantedanyoperatingsystemandcompatiblestandardWebserversoftware.•Simplegrammar.PHPhasmanysimilaritieswiththeCprogramminglanguage,soitiseasytoprogramusingPHPfortheCprogrammers.•Rapiddevelopment.Becausethesourcecodeisopen,PHPwillcontinuetodeveloprapidly.
WhenZeevSuraskiaddedtheobject-orientedsyntaxbackinthedaysofPHP3,itwasaddedas"
syntacticsugarforaccessingcollections."
TheOOmodelalsohadsupportforinheritanceandallowedaclass(andobject)toaggregatebothmethodsandproperties,butnotmuchmore.WhenZeevandAndiGutmansrewrotethescriptingengineforPHP4,itwasacompletelynewengine;
itranmuchfaster,wasmorestable,andboastedmorefeatures.However,theOOmodelfirstintroducedinPHP3wasbarelytouched.Althoughtheobjectmodelhadseriouslimitations,itwasusedextensivelyaroundtheworld,ofteninlargePHPapplications.ThisimpressiveuseoftheOOPparadigmwithPHP4,despiteitsweaknesses,ledtoitbeingthemainfocusforthePHP5release.So,whatweresomeofthelimitationsinPHP3and4?
Thebiggestlimitation(whichledtofurtherlimitations)wasthefactthatthecopysemanticsofobjectswerethesameasfornativetypes.So,howdidthisactuallyaffectthePHPdeveloper?
Whenassigningavariable(thatpointstoanobject)toanothervariable,acopyoftheobjectwouldbecreated.Notonlydidthisimpactperformance,butitalsousuallyledtoobscurebehaviorandbugsinPHP4applicationsbecausemanydevelopersthoughtthatbothvariableswouldpointatthesameobject,whichwasnotthecase.Thevariableswereinsteadpointingatseparatecopiesofthesameobject.Changingonewouldnotchangetheother.Forexample:
classPerson{var$name;
functiongetName(){return$this->
name;
}functionsetName($name){$this->
name=$name;
}functionPerson($name){$this->
setName($name);
}}functionchangeName($person,$name){$person->
}$person=newPerson("
Andi"
);
changeName($person,"
Stig"
print$person->
getName();
InPHP4,thiscodewouldprintout"
.Thereasonisthatwepasstheobject$persontothechangeName()functionby-value,andthus,$personiscopiedandchangeName()worksonacopyof$person.Thisbehaviorisnotintuitive,asmanydeveloperswouldexpecttheJava-likebehavior.InJava,variablesactuallyholdahandle(orpointer)totheobject,andtherefore,whenitiscopied,onlythehandle(andnottheentireobject)isduplicated.ThereweretwokindsofusersinPHP4:
theoneswhowereawareofthisproblemandtheoneswhowerenot.Thelatterwouldusuallynotnoticethisproblemandtheircodewaswrittenina
waywhereitdidnotreallymatteriftheproblemexisted.Surelysomeofthesepeoplehadsleeplessnightstryingtotrackdownweirdbugsthattheycouldnotpinpoint.Theformergroupdealtwiththisproblembyalwayspassingandassigningobjectsbyreference.Thiswouldpreventtheenginefromcopyingtheirobjects,butitwouldbeaheadachebecausethecodeincludednumerous&
signs.Theoldobjectmodelnotonlyledtotheafore-mentionedproblems,butalsotofundamentalproblemsthatpreventedimplementingsomeadditionalfeaturewaywhereitdidnotreallymatteriftheproblemexisted.Surelysomeofthesepeoplehadsleeplessnightstryingtotrackdownweirdbugsthattheycouldnotpinpoint.Theformergroupdealtwiththisproblembyalwayspassingandassigningobjectsbyreference.Thiswouldpreventtheenginefromcopyingtheirobjects,butitwouldbeaheadachebecausethecodeincludednumerous&
signs.Theoldobjectmodelnotonlyledtotheafore-mentionedproblems,butalsotofundamentalproblemsthatpreventedimplementingsomeadditionalfeaturesontopoftheexistingobjectmodel.InPHP5,theinfrastructureoftheobjectmodelwasrewrittentoworkwithobjecthandles.Unlessyouexplicitlycloneanobjectbyusingtheclonekeyword,younevercreatebehind-the-scenesduplicatesofyourobjects.InPHP5,youdon'
tneedaneedtopassobjectsbyreferenceorassignthembyreference.NotePassingbyreferenceandassigningbyreferencearestillsupported,incaseyouwanttoactuallychangeavariable'
scontent(whetherobjectorothertype).
B.BuildDevelopmentEnvironment
AtpresenttherearemanydevelopmentplatformbasedonPHP.GenerallymostdeveloperslikethedevelopmentenvironmentLAMP.Thosewhohavecertaindevelopmentexperiencecansetuptheirdevelopmentplatformbychoosingtherelatedserver,DBMS,andoperatingsystem.TherearesomePHPIDE(integrateddevelopmentenvironment)suchasAMPSERV,WAMP,XMAPP,APPSERV,PHPSTUDYinthemarketforthedevelopersdevelopthewebsitebyusingPHP.AtpresentthemainPHPIDEisZendStudio,whichhasincludeddevelopingcomponentsforPHP.Itreducesthedevelopmenttimeandsimplifiesthecomplexapplicationplanduringedition,debugging,analysisandoptimization.TheZendStudionotonlyhascodeforhighmeasurement,grammarshrinkingautomaticallyandbookmark,butalsoitsembeddeddebuggerwhichfitsforlocalandremotedebuggingpatterns.Itismanyhighdebuggingfunctionssuchasvariabletracking,Single-stepoperation,breakpoint,functioncalling,andsoon.Moreover,itisalsoverystableinsupportingChineseforthelatestversion.
C.NotesinBuildingtheDevelopmentEnvironment
Thosewhoareunfamiliarwiththedevelopmentenvironmentdonotsetitupbyhimselfforitmaycauseaconflictbetweenvariousedition,moreoveritisverydifficulttosolvethecomplexconfigurationproblem.•PHPlanguageversion.Beforedevelopment,youmustensureconsistenceoftheeditionbetweenPHPlanguageandtheserver.NowPHPmainlyhastwoeditions(PHP4andPHP5).ThedifferentversionshavethedifferencewithSESSION,exceptionhandling,thevariablerange,thedatatypeandsoon.•Serverproblem.TheprogramwhichiseditedwithPHPinthewindowsplatformwillbearrangedontheapacheserver.IfitisarrangedonIISitleadstosomeincompatibleproblemsandsomeupdatebymanualsuchaswritablerightsissetupbeforeuploadingthearrangedontheapacheserverdocument.TherearenottheseproblemsifitisDatabaseproblem.DBMSusingwithPHPhasMYSQL,ORACLEandsoon.MYSQLiswelcomedbymostofthedevelopersforitisopensource,free,andefficient.MYSQLisperfectdatabaseserversoftwareformediumandsmallapplicationsystem.BesidesstandardANSISQL,italsosupportsmanyplatforms.OntheUnix/Linuxsystem,MYSQLalsosupportsthemulti-thread.MYSQLbecomesthefirstchoiceofmiddleandsmalllevelPHPwebsiteforitisopensourceanditprovidesaseriesofsupportssuchasread-writeaccess.
3.THEDEVELOPMENTMODELBASEDONPHP
PHPbecomesthemaindevelopmentlanguageinthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisewebsiteforitisfree,opensource,etc.Thedevelopmentstepisasfollows:
A.Demandanalysis
Therearevariousdemandsforawebsiteproject.Thosedemandsoftenstemfromorcompanyoneselfneeds,mostofwhichistheactualneedsofcustomers.Whatextenttheprojectleadersunderstandtheuser'
sneedshasdecidedwhetherissuccessorfailureindevelopingthewebsite.Thereforeuser'
sneedsintheformofdocumentcanclearlybetransformedint
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