PEP小学六年级小升初总复习资料.docx
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PEP小学六年级小升初总复习资料.docx
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PEP小学六年级小升初总复习资料
一、名词(名词分可数名词和不可数名词)可数名词:
1)单数(表示一个人或事物);
a;一般在前面加?
?
an:
Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu)anappleanEnglishbook有(元音字母以元音开头的单词前用特殊记:
anhourauniversitystudent
2)复数(表示多于一个的人或数)。
名词复数形式的构成
形式
变化规则
例词
一般情况
+s
books,cups,catsdogs,birds,arms
days,players
-s,-sh,-ch,-x结尾以
+es
buses,boxes,watches
结尾的名词大多数以-o
+es
tomatoes,potatoes
少多数以-o结尾的名词
+s
pianos,photos,zoos
以辅音字母加y结尾
把y改成i再加es
cities,libraries
以f和fe结尾的大多数名词
把f或fe改成v再加es
knives,leaves
不规则名词的复数
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policewomen,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,child-children1.
sheep,deer,fish,people有些名词的复数形式与单数的形式一样:
2.
不可数名词(没有复数,前面不加a/an):
hair,rice,bread,milk,water,tea,money,medicine,beef如,名词所有格的形式:
mother'sMike's单数人称名词末尾加's
girls'students''以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加
children'smen's不以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加's
二、人称代词
人称代词
物主代词
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
形容词性
名词性
第一人称
I
me
we
us
my
mine
our
ours
第二人称
you
you
you
you
your
yours
your
yours
第三人称
he
him
they
them
his
his
their
theirs
she
her
her
hers
it
it
its
its
三、动词
动词主要表示动作,小学的动词主要有:
实义动词、be动词、情态动词can等。
注意:
be动词的用法:
I跟am,you/we/they跟are,is连着he/she/it,单数is,复数都用are。
动词的基本形式
原形第三人称单数过去式现在分词
learnlearnslearnedlearning
studystudyingstudiesstudied
doingdodiddoes
goinggowentgoes
runsrunrunningran
swimsswimswimmingswam
have
having
has
had
三人称单数现在式
情况
变化规则
例词
一般情况
+s
works,learns,says
结尾为s,x,sh,ch,o
+es
passes,washes,teaches,goes,watches
结尾为辅音字母+y
变y为i+es
studies,flies
动词的过去式
加ed
以e结尾,加ed
以辅音字母加y结尾,先变y为i再加ed
以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词
特殊
lookedwashedpassed
likedlived
studied
stopped,planned
make-madesing-sangfly-flewwin-won
buy-boughttake-tookeat-atesee-saw
get-gotam/is-wasare-wereleave-left
现在分词
情况
变化规则
例词
一般情况
+ing
doing,asking
以不发音的e结尾的动词
加去eing
having,taking,writing,living
以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词
双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ing
getting,setting,putting,sitting,planning
动词的时态
动词时态是表示时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。
小学阶段所学的时态有:
1.一般现在时:
work/works
2.现在进行时:
am/is/areworking
3.一般过去时:
worked
4.一般将来时:
am/is/aregoingtowork
1.一般现在时
通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态(结构:
动词用原形或三人称单数)。
常与时间副词连用:
sometimes,always,often,usually,every…(day,weekend,month,year),onSundays,
ontheweekend等。
基本结构
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
Iwork.Wework.
Idon'twork.Wedon'twork.
DoIwork?
Dowework?
work.You
Youdon'twork.
Doyouwork?
Theywork.
don'Theytwork.
Dotheywork?
SheHeworks.It
SheHedoesn'twork.It
sheDoeshework?
it
Whatdoyouusuallydo?
特殊疑问句:
2.现在进行时
通常表示说话时或现阶段正在发生或进行着的动作(结构:
am/is/are+动词ing)。
常见的与现在进行时有关的词有:
now,look,listen等。
基本结构
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
.Iamworking.Weareworking
I'mnotworking.We'renotworking.
AmIworking?
Areweworking?
working.Youare
working.aren'tYou
Areyouworking?
Theyareworking.
Theyaren'tworking.
Aretheyworking?
SheHeisworking.It
SheHeisn'tworking.It
sheworking?
Isheit
Whatareyoudoingnow?
特殊疑问句:
3.一般过去时
通常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
(结构:
动词用过去式)。
常与表示过去的时间状语连用:
yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,last…(day,weekend,month,year,night,Sunday)in1998等。
基本结构
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
Iworked.Weworked.
Ididn'twork.Wedidn'twork.
DidIwork?
Didwework?
Youworked.
Youdidn'twork.
Didyouwork?
Theyworked.
Theydidn'twork.
Didtheywork?
Sheworked.HeIt
She
Hedidn'twork.It
she?
workDidheit
特殊疑问句:
Whatdidyoudoyesterday?
4.一般将来时)will+动词原形are+goingto+动词原形或者am(结构:
/is/表示将来发生的动作或情况。
常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用:
tomorrow,next…(weekend,month,year),thedayaftertomorrow
Begoingtodo表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事;也可以表示“预见”,即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。
基本结构
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
work.I'mgoingtoWe'regoingtowork.
I'mnotgoingtowork.Wearen'tgoingtowork.
AmIgoingtowork?
Arewegoingtowork?
You'regoingtowork.
goingtowork.
Youaren't
Areyougoingtowork?
They'regoingtowork.
Theyaren'tgoingtowork.
Aretheygoingtowork?
SheHeisgoingtowork.It
Shegoingtowork.Heisn'tIt
sheIshegoingtowork?
it
You'regoingtowork.
goingtowork.
aren'tYou
Areyougoingtowork?
特殊疑问句:
Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?
/whatwillyoudonextweek?
情态动词can的用法:
基本结构
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
Icanswim.Wecanswim.
Ican'tswim.Wecan'tswim.
CanIswim?
Canweswim?
Youcanswim.
can'tswim.You
Canyouswim?
canswim.
They
tswim.
Theycan'
Cantheyswim?
SheHecanswim.It
SheHecan'tswim.It
sheswim?
Canheit
特殊疑问句:
Whatcanyoudo?
四、数词
1.表示数目的词称为基数词
1—12的基数词:
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve
13—19的基数词:
thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen
20—90的基数词:
twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety
21—29的基数:
twenty-one,twenty-two,twenty-three,twenty-four,twenty-five,
twenty-six,twenty-seven,twenty-eight,twenty-nine
thirty-nine,forty-eight,fifty-seven….
百位数:
onehundred,twohundred,threehundred,fourhundred…
fivehundredandeight-six,sixhundredandninety-nine,
sevenhundredandeight,eighthundredandone
千位数:
onethousand,fourthousand,seventhousandonehundredandfive
2.表示数目顺序的词称为序数词
1.英语序数词第1-19除了first,second与third有特殊形式外,其余的都由基数词加后缀-th构成。
注意:
fifth,eighth,ninth和twelfth的拼法特殊。
2.十位数的序数词的构成方法是:
先把十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的y变为i,然后加后缀-eth,如:
twenty—twentieth,forty—fortieth
五、介词
方位介词
in,on,at,under,to,over,behind,beside,near,before,infrontof,nextto,between
时间介词
in,on,at,after(….之后),before,from…to,past,between(….之间)
其它
of,by(….交通方式),with(和),into,outoff,for,about(关于),
in+月份/季节/年份如:
inMay,inspring,in2013,inthemorning/afternoon/evening
in+地点如:
intheparkinShanghai
ndinOctober22onMonday如:
on+星期/日期等具体时间at+具体时刻或地点如:
at9:
00athome
六、形容词和副词
形容词和副词的比较级
情况比较级最高级
+er,如:
taller,longer+est,如:
tallest,longest一般情况larger
+r,如:
+st,如:
largest
以e结尾双写最后一个字母再+er,如:
双写最后一个字母,再+est,bigger,fatter,hotter,thinner如:
biggest,fattest,hottest,以重读闭音节结尾的词thinnest
把y改为i再+er,如:
busier,把y改为i再+est,如:
busiest,
以辅音字母加y结尾的词earlier,happier,funnierearliest,happiest,funniest
betterbestgood/well不规则的词:
moremostmany/much
fartherfarthest
far
比较级的用法
HelenistallerthanLucy.
如:
Heisthinnerthanme.
Myhandsarebiggerthanyours.
Jimisastallashisfather.(Jim和他爸爸一样高。
)
LitterWaterDropgoeshigherandhigher.(小水滴越飞越高。
)
Thehigherthemountainis,thethinnertheairis.(山越高,空气就越稀薄)
最高级的用法:
Whichdoyoulikebest,basketball,volleyball,orfootball?
篮球,排球,足球,你最喜欢哪一种?
Whoisoldestofthethreeboys?
(三个男孩,谁最老?
)
七.Therebe的结构
Therebe表示“某处有某物”,
肯定句:
Thereis/wasa…
Thereare/were…
一般疑问句:
Is/Wasthere…?
Yes,thereis/was.No,thereisn't/was.
Arethere…?
Yes,thereare/were.
No,therearen't/weren't.
否定句:
Thereisn't/wasn't….
Therearen't/weren't….
1.Some和any
一般情况下,some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:
Thereissomemilkinthebottle.
Therearen'tanypicturesonthewall.
Isthereanythingnewintoday'snewspaper?
2.Be动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则:
Thereisapenandtwopencilsinthebox.
Therearesomestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.
3.特殊疑问句:
1)What'sinthebasket?
Therearesomeeggsinit.
2)Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?
Therearefiftystudents.
八.“Wh”的疑问句
1.What——1)What'sthis/that?
2)What'syourname?
3)Whatareyoudoing?
4)Whatdoyoulike?
5)Whatdidyoudo?
6)Whatdoeshe/shedo?
7)Whatdoyouusuallydoontheweekends?
8)Whatareyougoingtodo?
9)Whatcolourisit?
10)What'stheweatherlike?
11)Whattimeisit?
What'sthetime?
12)Whatdayisittoday?
What'sthedate?
13)Whatwouldyoulike?
13)Whatcanyousee?
14)Whatsubjectsdoyouhavethisterm?
15)Whatlessonsdoyouhaveinthemorning?
How——1)Howareyou?
areyou?
Howold2)
3)Howdowegotothepark?
4)Howmanyapplescanyousee?
5)Howmucharethey?
6)Howabout…?
7)Howfarisitfromhere?
Howlongisit?
Howoftendoyougotothepark?
Howheavyareyou?
Howbigisit?
Howtallareyou?
Who——Whoisthat?
Who'sthatboyin/with…?
Whose——1)Whoseisthisbike?
2)Whosebikeisthis?
3)Whosebagisbigger,yoursormine?
Which——1)Whichone?
2)Whichislonger,yoursormine?
3)Whichseasondoyoulikebest?
Where——1)Whereisthebook?
2)Whereareyoufrom?
Why——Why?
九.电话用语
CanIspeakto+某个人?
Thisis/It's+某个人.Pleaseholdon.
Thereisacallforyou.Isthat+某个人(+speaking)?
十.缩略形式
Iam=I'myouare=you'reheis=he'ssheis=she'sitis=it'sweare=we're
theyare=they'rearenot=aren'tisnot=isn'tdonot=don'tdoesnot=doesn't
didnot=didn'tcannot=can'tthereis=there'sIwill=I'llwhois=who's
whatis=what'swhereis=where'sletus=let'sI'dlike=Iwouldlike
十一.
What/Howabout+动词inglike+动词ingam/is/are+动词ing
Thankyoufor+动词ingLet's+动词原形can+动词原形It'stimeto+动词原形
to+动词原形It'stimefor+动词ing
十二.书写格式:
什么时候大写:
关于月份/星期/名字的单词首字母大写,
标点符号:
句末的句号用“.”(小圆点)
26个英文字母大小写(手写体)
个英文字母大小写记忆法26大写字母:
全部占满上两格小写字母:
(看情况)头上有辫上两格,下面有尾下两格;
无辫无尾中间格,f和j占三格。
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