湖北省钢城四中学年高一上学期期中考试英语精校 Word版含答案.docx
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湖北省钢城四中学年高一上学期期中考试英语精校 Word版含答案.docx
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湖北省钢城四中学年高一上学期期中考试英语精校Word版含答案
钢城四中2018-2019(上)期中考试
英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分:
听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节:
(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节:
(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
“Father,I’dliketomakeatrip.Whynotflyoutandmeetme?
”Imurmured(低声说).
After27yearsasamanagerforIBMMyfatherhadjustretired.Hisjobfilledhisday,histhoughts,hislife.Whilehewokeupandtookawarmshower,IscreamedunderafreezingwaterfallinPeru.WhilehetiedatieandputonthesameSwisswatch,IrowedaboatacrossLakeoftheOzarks.
Myfatherseesmedriftingaimlessly,nothingtoshowformy33yearsbutapassportfulloffunnystamps.Hewantsmetosettledown,butnowIwanthimtofindanadventure.
Heagreestotravelwithmethroughthenationalparks.WemeetfourweekslaterinRapidCity.
“Whatisourfirststop?
”asksmyfather.
“Whattimeisit?
”
“Stilldon'thaveawatch?
”
LessthananhourawayisMountRushmore.Ashestaresupatthefourpresidentscarvedingranite(花岗岩),hismouthandeyesopenslowly,likethoseofalittleboy.
“Unbelievable,”hesays.“Howwasthisdone?
”
AfilmintheinformationcentershowssculptorGutzonBorglumdevoted14yearstothesculptureandthenleftthefinaltouchestohisson.
WestareupandIaskmyself,WouldIeverdevotemylifetoanything?
Nodirections,nogoals.Ialwaysusedtohearthosewordsinmyfather'svoice.NowIheartheminmyown.
Thenextdaywe'reatYellowstoneNationalPark,wherewehaveapicnic.
“Didyouevertravelwithyourdad?
”Iask.
“Onlyonce,”hesays.“Ineverspokemuchwithmyfather.Welovedeachother—butneversaidit.Whateverhecouldgiveme,hegave.”
Thelastsentence—it'sprobablythesamethingI'dsayaboutmyfather.AndwhatI'dwantmychildtosayaboutme.
InGlacierNationalPark,myfathersays,“I'veneverseenwatersoblue.”Ihave,inseveralplacesoftheworld.Icankeeptraveling,Irealize—andmaybearegularjobwon'tbeasdullasIfeared.
Weeksafterourtrip,Icallmyfather.
“Thephotosfromthetriparewonderful,”hesays.“Wehavegottotakeanothertriplikethatsometime.”
ItellhimI'vedecidedtosettledown,andI'mwearingawatch.
21.Fromtheunderlinedparagraph,wecanseethattheauthor________.
A.comestounderstandwhatparentallovemeans
B.learnshowtocommunicatewithhisfather
C.hopestogivewhateverhecantohisfather
D.wantshischildrentolearnfromtheirgrandfather
22.Whatcouldbeinferredabouttheauthorandhisfatherfromtheendofthestory?
A.TheSwisswatchhasdrawnthemcloser.B.Theydecidetolearnphotographytogether.
C.Theybegintochangetheirattitudestolife.D.Thecallsolvestheirdisagreements.
23.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.ASonLostinAdventureB.AJourneywithDad
C.TheArtofTravelD.LoveNature,LoveLife
B
Thecaribouisamemberofthedeerfamily.Itlookslikealargemuledeerwithsofthollowhair,longlegs,largehoovesandlargeantlers.InAlaska,97to99percentofthefemaleshaveantlersaswellasthemales.
Althoughthecariboulookslikeadeer,theyaredifferentfromothermembersoftheirfamilyinmanyways.Theyarenottooshy(unlessincommonhuntingarea),theyarecapableofsleepinginwater,andtheyareherdanimalsthatarealwaysonthemove.Thesetamableanimalsliketoeatmossandlieintheshade,buttheyhatethenastyfliesthatbitethemandlayeggsontheirback.Thefliesareonereasonthecaribouisalwaysonthemove,andtheotherreasonisthatthecariboueatsmosscalledlichen(地衣)thattakesyearstogrowback.
CharacteristicsandPhysicalFeaturesoftheCaribou
Size:
4-5ft.
Weight:
500+lb.
Color:
Greyishandbrownwithwhiteontheneckandbellyareas.
DistinguishingCharacteristics:
3ft.antlers.
Breeding:
Theybreedinthefall.
Habitat:
ThroughouttheArctictundraofRussia,Alaska,CanadaandGreenland.
Diet:
Mossandlichen.
Caribouarewild.Iftheyaredomesticatedtheyarecalledreindeer.Eurasians(欧亚混血儿)donotusethenamecaribouatall;theyusethetermswildreindeeranddomesticreindeer.Arcticpeoplehuntcaribouforthegoodmeatandwarmhidesotheyhavenamesforcariboutospecifyageandgender.
Thecariboueatsfoodundersnow,sotogetatitthecariboumustshovelthesnow.Itnodsitsheadandshovelssnowoutofthewaylikeahorsewould.
Whenthecariboueats,thefoodgoesdowntothecaribou'sfirststomach,whereitisbrokenintosmallballsandstoredtoeatatthecaribou'snextmeal.
Thecaribouhasaverywarm,verysoftfurthatishollow,insulated,andshedswaterandsnow.Thisvaluablefurwastradedforalotofmoneyinthe1800's.Thecariboupopulationkeptdroppingbecauseofoverhuntinguntillawswerepassedtoprotectit.
24.Whatisthemostoutstandingcharacteristicofthecaribou?
A.Itisgreyishandbrownwithwhiteontheneckandbellyareas.B.Itbreedsinthefall.
C.Ithas3ft.antlers.D.Ithasaweightof500+lb.
25.Whydoesn'tcariboustayinthesameplace?
A.Tobuilduptheirmuscles.B.Thegrasstheyeatarehardtofind.
C.Toavoidbeingcaughtbytheirnaturalenemies.D.Toavoidbeingbittenbyflies.
26.Whatistherelationshipbetweenreindeerandcaribou?
A.Eurasiansusecaribouinplaceofwildreindeeranddomesticreindeer.
B.Reindeercansleepinwater.C.Reindeerareshierthancaribou.
D.Reindeeraredomesticatedcaribou.
27.What'sthepurposeofwritingthispassage?
A.Tomakethecaribouknown.B.Toamusereaders.
C.Todistinguishthecariboufromthereindeer.D.Toprotectthecaribou.
C
Therearesomespecialforestsinthelowlongitudewhicharecalledrainforests.Arainforestisanareacoveredbytalltreeswiththetotalhighrainfallspreadingquiteequallythroughtheyearandthetemperaturerarelydippingbelow16℃.Rainforestshaveagreateffectontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimate.Withouttheforestcover,theseareaswouldreflectmoreheatintotheatmosphere,warmingtherestoftheworld.Losingtherainforestsmayalsoinfluencewindandrainfallpatterns,potentiallycausingcertainnaturaldisastersallovertheworld.
Inthepasthundredyears,humanshavebegundestroyingrainforestsinsearchofthreemajorresources(资):
landforcrops,woodforpaperandotherproducts,landforraisingfarmanimals.Thisactionaffectstheenvironmentasawhole.Forexample,alotofcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intheaircomesfromburningtherainforests.Peopleobviouslyhaveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.
Therearetwomainreasonsforthis.Firstly,whenpeoplecutdowntrees,generallytheycanonlyusethelandforayearortwo.Secondly,cuttinglargesectionsofrainforestsmayprovideagoodsupplyofwoodrightnow,butinthelongrunitactuallyreducestheworld'swoodsupply.
Rainforestsareoftencalledtheworld'sdrugstore.Morethan25%ofthemedicinesweusetodaycomefromplantsinrainforests.However,fewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheirmedicalvalue.Itisextremelylikelythatourbestchancetocurediseasesliessomewhereintheworld'sshrinkingrainforests.
28.Rainforestscanhelptoadjusttheclimatebecausethey________.
A.reducetheeffectofheatfromthesunontheearth
B.bringabouthighrainfallthroughouttheworld
C.rarelycausethetemperaturetodroplowerthan16℃
D.reflectmoreheatintotheatmosphere
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthethirdparagraphreferto?
A.Peoplehaveastrongdesireforresources.
B.Wewilllosemuchmorethanwecangain.
C.Muchcarbondioxidecomesfromburningrainforests.
D.Humanshavebegundestroyingrainforests.
30.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.
A.wewillgrowfewerkindsofcropsinthegainedland
B.thelevelofannualrainfallaffectswindpatterns
C.thereisgreatmedicinepotentialinrainforests
D.wecangetenoughresourceswithoutrainforests
31.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.HowtoSaveRainforestsB.HowtoProtectNature
C.RainforestsandMedicalDevelopmentD.RainforestsandtheEnvironment
D
Withthedevelopmentofscience,alotofhightechnologieshavealreadyappeared.Scientistshaveclaimedamilestoneinthedrivefornewenergy—developmentofthefirstpracticalartificialleaf,anadvancedsolarcellthatimitatestheprocess,calledphotosynthesis(光合作用),thatgreenplantsusetomakesunlightandwaterintoenergy.
“Apracticalartificialleafhasbeenadreamofscientistsfordecades,”saidDanielNocera,wholedtheresearchteam.“Webelievewehavemadeit.Theartificialleafshowsparticularpromiseasaninexpensivesourceofelectricityforhomesofthepoorindevelopingcountries.OnecanimaginevillagesinIndiaandAfricasoonpurchasinganaffordablebasicpowersystembasedonthistechnology.”
Theleafisliketheshapeofapokercardbutthinner.Placedinwaterinabrightsunlight,itcouldproduceenoughelectricitytosupplyahouseinadevelopingcountrywithelectricityforadaybysplittingwaterintohydrogenandoxygen,whicharestoredinafuelcelltoproduceelectricity.
The“artificialleaf”isnotanewconcept.ThefirstartificialleafwasdevelopedmorethanadecadeagobyJohnTtlrner.However,itwasimpracticalforwideruse,asitwascomposedofrare,expensivemetalsandwashighlyunstablewithalifespanofbarelyonday.
Nocera'snewleafovercomestheseproblems.Itismadeofinexpensivematerialsthatarewidelyavailable,worksundersimpleconditionsandishighlystable.Laboratorystudiesshowedth
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