雅思阅读的精读训练.docx
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雅思阅读的精读训练.docx
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雅思阅读的精读训练
雅思阅读的精读训练
雅思阅读的精读训练真的没有效果么?
方法不对而已,今天小编给大家带来了雅思阅读的精读训练,希望能帮助到大家,下面小编就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读的精读训练真的没有效果么?
怎么读才是精读?
精读意味着仔细读,认真读,读到骨头里,不要只查查词,看看句子意思。
如果是这样,这还没达到精读的深度。
举个例子513
Formanyenvironmentalists,theworldseemstobegettingworse.Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:
thatnaturalresourcesarerunningout;thatthepopulationisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat;thatspeciesarebecomingextinctinvastnumbers,andthattheplanet'sairandwaterarebecomingevermorepolluted.
精读的步骤
第一步从词汇(单词,短语)入手:
把句子里的单词(主要是动词,形容词,副词)这三类词达到认知程度,拓展同义词,派生词等,因为根据雅思阅读考点的出现频率看,这三类词最容易被替换。
如果时间允许,再看看名词里的抽象名词,物质名词采取猜词技巧可以解决。
例如以上的句子:
动词:
runout(拓展exhaust/useup,例如832);
grow(拓展growth/increase/progress….例如441);
leave(拓展不仅表示“留下来,离开的意思,还可以表示使处于某种状态,例如721);
eat(拓展feed,例如412);
extinct(拓展extinction/dieout例如513);
pollute(拓展pollution/pollutant例如532);
形容词和副词:
worse;main;natural;less;vast;
名词:
environmentalist;fear;resource;population;species;planet;
第二步从语法结构入手:
分清句子的主谓宾或主系表;如果是复合句或长难句,拆分成简单句;例如:
Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:
that…..;that……..;that……..,andthat………..此句后面的冒号是解释说明,后面有四个小分句;
第三步从段落结构入手:
分析段落内的连贯和衔接关系,并分析段落中的句子是如何衔接的.例如:
以上的段落是总分结构总:
Formanyenvironmentalists,theworldseemstobegettingworse.分:
Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:
that…;that…..;that.,….,andthat…..
第四步试着用不同的单词,不同的语法结构进行改写(paraphrase),这个步骤称为“二度创作”。
刚开始训练时比较痛苦,因为在脑海中要搜寻学过的东西加以整理,这本身就是一个需要思考的过程。
等训练多了形成自己的思维体系及语言表达能力后,输出改写就会得心应手了。
例如上一段的改写
Anumberofenvironmentalistsholdapessimisticviewoftheearth.Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:
thatnaturalresourcesareexhausted;thatthenumberofpeopleisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat;thatavastnumberofspeciesaredyingout,andthatairandwaterarepollutedmoreseriously.
(2)RE精读策略
re是前缀,意思是重复.RE精读策略意味着反复精读.根据人类大脑记忆规律,刚刚记完的知识记住了100%,过了20分之后剩下58.2%................我们要进行二次精读,三次精读……..直到读透为止.古人云:
“温故而知新”,读第一遍和读第二遍对文章的理解是不同的,读第一遍时,有的学生可能只记得个别单词,短语等;读第二遍可能对句子之间的关系,段落结构,篇章结构就有了更深层次的理解.
(3)“瞻前顾后”的学习方法
我们尽量利用”瞻前顾后”的方法把当前学到的单词,短语等与之前精读文章里的单词短语等联系起来,达到融会贯通,触类旁通.学习是输入和输出并行的过程,输入就是学习者由外到内获取语言知识,精读就是很好的输入方式;输出就是学习者将所学的知识由内而外的再现过程。
精读这个过程是输入,输入后要消化,吸收,然后输出,这样才是个完整的学习过程.如果只有输入,没有输出,会影响学习效果.
雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析
1.AEuropeanspacecrafttookofftodaytospearheadthesearchforanother"Earth"amongthestars.
2.TheCorotspacetelescopeblastedoffaboardaRussianSoyuzrocketfromtheBaikonurcosmodromeinKazakhstanshortlyafter2.20pm.
3.Corot,shortforconvectionrotationandplanetarytransits,isthefirstinstrumentcapableoffindingsmallrockyplanetsbeyondthesolarsystem.Anysuchplanetsituatedintherightorbitstandsagoodchanceofhavingliquidwateronitssurface,andquitepossiblylife,althoughaleadingscientistinvolvedintheprojectsaiditwasunlikelytofind"anylittlegreenmen".
4.DevelopedbytheFrenchspaceagency,CNES,andpartneredbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA),Austria,Belgium,Germany,BrazilandSpain,Corotwillmonitoraround120,000starswithits27cmtelescopefromapolarorbit514milesabovetheEarth.Overtwoandahalfyears,itwillfocusonfivetosixdifferentareasofthesky,measuringthebrightnessofabout10,000starsevery512seconds.
5."Atthepresentmomentwearehopingtofindoutmoreaboutthenatureofplanetsaroundstarswhicharepotentialhabitats.Wearelookingathabitableplanets,notinhabitedplanets.Wearenotgoingtofindanylittlegreenmen,"ProfessorIanRoxburgh,anESAscientistwhohasbeeninvolvedwithCorotsinceitsinception,toldtheBBCRadio4Todayprogramme.
6.ProfRoxburghsaiditwashopedCorotwouldfind"rockyplanetsthatcoulddevelopanatmosphereand,iftheyaretherightdistancefromtheirparentstar,theycouldhavewater".
7.Tosearchforplanets,thetelescopewilllookforthedimmingofstarlightcausedwhenanobjectpassesinfrontofastar,knownasa"transit".Althoughitwilltakemoresophisticatedspacetelescopesplannedinthenext10yearstoconfirmthepresenceofanEarth-likeplanetwithoxygenandliquidwater,Corotwillletscientistsknowwheretopointtheirlenses.
8.MeasurementsofminutechangesinbrightnesswillenablescientiststodetectgiantJupiter-likegasplanetsaswellassmallrockyones.Itistherockyplanets-thatcouldbenobiggerthanabouttwicethesizeoftheEarth-whichwillcausethemostexcitement.Scientistsexpecttofindbetween10and40ofthesesmallerplanets.
9.Corotwillalsoprobeintostellarinteriorsbystudyingtheacousticwavesthatrippleacrossthesurfaceofstars,atechniquecalled"asteroseismology".
10.Thenatureoftheripplesallowsastronomerstocalculateastar’sprecisemass,ageandchemicalcomposition.
11."Aplanetpassinginfrontofastarcanbedetectedbythefallinlightfromthatstar.Smalloscillationsofthestaralsoproducechangesinthelightemitted,whichrevealwhatthestarismadeofandhowtheyarestructuredinternally.Thisdatawillprovideamajorboosttoourunderstandingofhowstarsformandevolve,"ProfRoxburghsaid.
12.Sincethediscoveryin1995ofthefirst"exoplanet"-aplanetorbitingastarotherthantheSun-morethan200othershavebeenfoundbyground-basedobservatories.
13.Untilnowtheusualmethodoffindingexoplanetshasbeentodetectthe"wobble"theirgravityimpartsonparentstars.ButonlygiantgaseousplanetsbiggerthanJupitercanbefoundthisway,andtheyareunlikelytoharbourlife.
14.Inthe2010s,ESAplanstolaunchDarwin,afleetoffourorfiveinterlinkedspacetelescopesthatwillnotonlyspotsmallrockyplanets,butanalysetheiratmospheresforsignsofbiologicalactivity.
15.Ataroundthesametime,theUSspaceagency,Nasa,willlaunchTerrestrialPlanetFinder,anotherspacetelescopedesignedtolocateEarth-likeplanets. ChoosetheappropriateletterfromA-Dforquestion1.
1.Corotisaninstrumentwhich
(A)canhelptosearchforcertainplanets
(B)isusedtofindplanetsintheorbit
(C)canlocateplanetswithhumanbeings
(D)canspotanyplanetswithwater.
Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage?
Forquestions2-5write
TRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation
FALSEifthestatementcontraictstheinformation
NOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthisinthepassage
2.Scientistsaretryingtofindoutabouttheplanetsthatcanbeinhabited.
3.BBCRadio4recentlyfocusesonthebroadcastingofCorot.
4.Passingobjectsmightcauseafallinlight.
5.CorotcantellwhetherthereisanotherEarth-likeplanet.
雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析
1.Britishscientistsarepreparingtolaunchtrialsofaradicalnewwaytofightcancer,whichkillstumoursbyinfectingthemwithviruseslikethecommoncold.
2.Ifsuccessful,virustherapycouldeventuallyformathirdpillaralongsideradiotherapyandchemotherapyinthestandardarsenalagainstcancer,whileavoidingsomeofthedebilitatingside-effects.
3.LeonardSeymour,aprofessorofgenetherapyatOxfordUniversity,whohasbeenworkingonthevirustherapywithcolleaguesinLondonandtheUS,willleadthetrialslaterthisyear.CancerResearchUKsaidyesterdaythatitwasexcitedbythepotentialofProfSeymour'spioneeringtechniques.
4.Oneofthecountry'sleadinggeneticists,ProfSeymourhasbeenworkingwithvirusesthatkillcancercellsdirectly,whileavoidingharmtohealthytissue."Inprinciple,you'vegotsomethingwhichcouldbemanytimesmoreeffectivethanregularchemotherapy,"hesaid.
5.Cancer-killingvirusesexploitthefactthatcancercellssuppressthebody'slocalimmunesystem."Ifacancerdoesn'tdothat,theimmunesystemwipesitout.Ifyoucangetavirusintoatumour,virusesfindthemaverygoodplacetobebecausethere'snoimmunesystemtostopthemreplicating.Youcanregarditasthecancer'sAchilles'heel."
6.Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer."Theyreplicate,yougetamillioncopiesineachcellandthecellburstsandtheyinfectthetumourcellsadjacentandrepeattheprocess,"saidProfSeymour.
7.Preliminaryresearchonmiceshowsthatthevirusesworkwellontumoursresistanttostandardcancerdrugs."It'saninterestingpossibilitythattheymayhaveanadvantageinkillingdrug-resistanttumours,whichcouldbequitedifferenttoanythingwe'vehadbefore."
8.Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals.Americanscientistshavepreviouslyinjectedvirusesdirectlyintotumoursbutthistechniquewillnotworkifthecancerisinaccessibleorhasspreadthroughoutthebody.
9.ProfSeymour'sinnovativesolutionistomaskthevirusfromthebody'simmunesystem,effectivelyallowingthevirusestodowhatchemotherapydrugsdo-spreadthroughthebloodandreachtumourswherevertheyare.Thebighurdlehasalwaysbeentofindawaytodelivervirusestotumoursviathebloodstreamwithoutthebody'simmunesystemdestroyingthemontheway.
10."Whatwe'vedoneismakechemicalmodificationstothevirustoputapolymercoataroundit-it'sastealthviruswhenyouinjectit,"hesaid.
11.Afterthestealthvirusinfectsthetumour,itreplicates,butthecopiesdonothavethechemicalmodifications.Iftheyescapefromthetumour,thecopieswillbequicklyrecognisedandmoppedupbythebody'simmunesystem.
12.Thetherapywouldbeespeciallyusefulforsecondarycancers,calledmetastases,whichsometimesspreadaroundthebodyafterthefirsttumourappears."There'sanawfulstatisticofpatientsinthewest...withmalignantcancers;75%ofthemgoontodiefrommetastas
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