大学英语自学教程课文资料下unit7.docx
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大学英语自学教程课文资料下unit7.docx
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大学英语自学教程课文资料下unit7
[00:
00.00]Unit7 textA LeisureandLeadership
[00:
03.75]休闲与引导
[00:
07.50]Observationsandresearchfindingsindicatethatpeopleinadvancedindustrialsocieties
[00:
11.47]观察和研究结果表明,先进工业社会中
[00:
15.44]areincreasinglyconcernedwithopportunitiesforleisure
[00:
18.68]人们越来越关心休闲机会
[00:
21.92]andwhattheycandointheirleisuretime.
[00:
24.44]和在休闲时间里做些什么.
[00:
26.96]Theimportancepeopleattachtopaidholidays
[00:
29.69]其标志是人们认为带薪休假
[00:
32.42]andtherapiddevelopmentofservicesformassentertainmentandrecreation
[00:
36.14]和众多娱乐,休养服务的快速发展很重要.
[00:
39.86]aresignsofthisincreasingconcern.
[00:
44.72]Theterm"qualityoflife"isdifficulttodefine.
[00:
47.91] "生活质量"这个词很难定义.
[00:
51.10]Itcoversaverywidescopesuchaslivingenvironmenthealth,employment,
[00:
55.47]它饮食的范围很广,诸如生活环境,健康,职业,
[00:
59.85]food,familylife,friends,education,materialpossessionsleisure
[01:
04.42]食品,家庭生活,朋友,教育,物质财富,
[01:
08.99]leisureandrecreation,andsoon.
[01:
11.95]休闲和休养等等.
[01:
14.92]Generallyspeaking,thequalityoflifeespeciallyasseenbytheindividual,
[01:
18.64]一般来说,生活质量,特别是在个人看来,其意义
[01:
22.36]ismeaningfulintermsofthedegreetowhichthesevariousareasoflife
[01:
26.33]是邮在多大程度上这些不同的生活领域
[01:
30.31]areavailableorprovidesatisfactiontotheindividual.
[01:
33.54]可以被个人享受或可以使个人满意来衡量的.
[01:
36.78]Asactivitycarriedoutasonethinksfitduringone'ssparetime
[01:
40.47] 作为在休闲时进行的自己认为适当的活动,
[01:
44.15]leisurehasthefollowingfunctions:
[01:
46.49]休闲具有下列功能:
[01:
48.83]relaxationrecreationandentertainment,andpersonaldevelopment.
[01:
52.60]放松,休养和娱乐,以及个人的发展.
[01:
56.38]Theimportanceofthesevariesaccordingtothenatureofone'sjobandone'slife-style.
[02:
00.35]其重要性随着一个人的工作性质,生活方式的不同而不同.
[02:
04.32]Thus,peoplewhoneedtoexertmuchenergyintheirwork
[02:
07.26]因此,需要在工作上花费很多精力的人们
[02:
10.19]willfindrelaxationmostdesirableinleisure.
[02:
13.13]会发现休闲中的放松更大有益处.
[02:
16.07]Thosewithabettereducationandinprofessionaloccupations
[02:
19.34]那些受过教育从事专业工作的人们
[02:
22.60]maytendmoretoseekrecreationandpersonaldevelopment
[02:
26.13]可能更倾向于在休闲时寻求休养和个人发展
[02:
29.66](e.g.,cultivationofskillsandhobbies)inleisure.
[02:
33.04](例如:
技术和业余爱好的培养).
[02:
36.42]Thespecificuseofleisurevariesfromindividualtoindividual.
[02:
39.60] 休闲的具体用途,人与人各不相同.
[02:
42.77]Eventhesameleisureactivitymaybeuseddifferentlybydifferentindividuals.
[02:
46.54]即使同一种休闲活动,不同人用起来也不同.
[02:
50.32]Thus,thefollowingarepossibleusesoftelevisionwatching
[02:
56.77]apopularleisureactivity:
[02:
58.85]这样,以下是电视,一种流行的休闲活动的几种可能的用途:
[03:
00.92]achangeofexperiencetoprovide"escape"fromthestressandstrainofwork;
[03:
05.20]改变感受,从压力和紧张中"逃脱"出来,
[03:
09.47]tolearnmoreaboutwhatishappeninginone'senvironment;
[03:
12.29]更多地了解周围环境中正在发生的事情;
[03:
15.11]toprovideanopportunityforunderstandingoneself
[03:
17.84]提供一个了解自己的机会,
[03:
20.57]bycomparingotherpeople'slifeexperiencesasportrayedintheprogrammes.
[03:
24.04]通过与节目中所描述的他人的生活阅历比较中.
[03:
27.52]Inanurbansocietyinwhichhighlystructured,
[03:
30.40] 在城市社会里,结构严密,步调迅速,
[03:
33.29]fast-pacedandstressfulworkloomslargeinlife,
[03:
37.36]充满压力的工作笼罩着人们的生活,
[03:
41.44]experiencesofadifferentnature,beittelevisionwatchingorbird-watching,
[03:
45.16]某种不同性质的经历,不管是看电视还是看鸟,
[03:
48.88]canleadtoaself-renewalandamore"balanced"wayoflife
[03:
53.01]都能导致自我更大新和一种"平衡"的生活方式.
[03:
57.14]Sinceleisureisbasicallyself-determined
[03:
59.78]由于休闲基本上是自己决定的事,
[04:
02.42]oneisabletotaketoone'sinterestsandpreferences
[04:
05.89]个人就可以培养自己的兴趣和爱好,
[04:
09.36]andgetinvolvedinanactivityinwaysthatwillbringenjoymentandsatisfaction.
[04:
12.94]并以能为自己带来享受和满足的方式从事某项活动.
[04:
16.52]Ourlikesanddislikes,tastesandpreferencesthatunderlieourchoicesofsuchactivitiesasreadingbooks,
[04:
21.39] 我们的好恶,口味和爱好,构成了我们这些选择的基础,
[04:
26.27]goingtothecinema,camping,orcertainculturalpursuits,
[04:
29.28]如读书,看电影,野营,某种文化追求.
[04:
32.30]areallrelatedtosocialcontextsandlearningexperiences.
[04:
35.92]它们都与社会背景和学习经历有关.
[04:
39.54]Weacquireinterestsinavarietyofthingsandsubjectsfromourfamilies
[04:
46.30]schools,jobs,andthemassmedia.
[04:
48.48]我们从家庭,学校,工作和大众传播媒介中获得对各种事物的兴趣.
[04:
50.66]Basically,suchattitudesamounttoarecognitionthatleisure
[04:
54.44]基本上说,这种态度就是
[04:
58.21]isanimportantareaoflife
[05:
00.64]承认休闲是生活的一个重要方面,
[05:
03.07]andabeliefthatleisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.
[05:
06.51]相信休闲能够并且应该得到充分利用.
[05:
09.94]Professionalworkersinrecreationservices,too,willfindthat
[05:
13.52] 从事娱乐业的专业工作者发现,
[05:
17.10]toimpartpositiveleisureattitudestothegeneralpublicisessential
[05:
21.07]使公众具有积极的态度对待休闲,
[05:
25.04]formotivatingthemtousetheirleisureincreative
[05:
27.72]对促进他们以创造性的满意方式利用闲暇时间十分必要.
[05:
30.40]andsatisfyingways.
[05:
35.05]Hence,itcanbeargued
[05:
37.33]因此我们认为
[05:
39.62]thatthepeoplewithwhomwecomeintocontactinthesevariouscontexts
[05:
43.30]在各种环境下与我们接触的人
[05:
46.98]arealllikelytohaveexertedsomeinfluenceinshapingourattitudes
[05:
50.56]都可能对形成我们的看法,兴趣,
[05:
54.14]interestsandevenskillsrelevanttohowwehandleleisure.
[05:
57.26]甚至如何对待休闲的方法产生影响.
[06:
00.39]Influenceofthiskindisaformofleadership.
[06:
03.36]这种影响是一种引导方式.
[06:
06.34]Parents,teachersinschools,workassociatesandcommunicatorsinorusing
[06:
10.52] 父母,学校里的教师,同事和
[06:
14.70]themassmediaareallcapableofarousingourpotentialinterests
[06:
18.33]大众传播媒介的传播工作者都能唤起起我们的潜在兴趣.
[06:
21.96]Forexample,thedegreetowhichandthewaysinwhichaschoolencouragesparticipationingames,
[06:
26.80]例如:
学校鼓励参加游戏,运动和文化娱乐的程度和方式
[06:
31.63]sportsandculturalpursuitsarelikely
[06:
37.69]tocontributetotheshapingofleisureattitudesonthepartofthestudents.
[06:
41.52]可能对形成学生对待休闲的态度起一定的作用.
[06:
45.34]Schoolsusuallysetastheireducationalobjective
[06:
51.51]theattainmentofabalanceddevelopmentoftheperson.
[06:
54.54] 学校通常把人的平衡发展列入教育目标.
[06:
57.57]Themoreseriouslythisissought,
[06:
59.79]越认真地追求这个目标,
[07:
02.01]themorelikelypositiveattitudestowardsleisure
[07:
07.36]aswellasacademicworkwillbeencouraged.
[07:
09.95]就越可能激发人们对休闲和学术研究的积极态度.
[07:
12.54]TextB TheTimeMessage
[07:
15.06] 时间信息
[07:
17.58]Youmayhavebeenexposedtothisideabeforebutthistimetrytohear.
[07:
20.56]以前你可能听说过这个观点,这次你不妨再听一听.
[07:
23.53]Thereisamessagethatistryingtoreachyou,
[07:
25.01]有一条信息要送给你,而且重要的是,
[07:
26.48]anditisimportantthatitgetthroughloudandclear.
[07:
28.67]这条信息响亮而清楚地传送到你的耳朵.
[07:
30.85]Themessage?
Timemanagement!
[07:
32.98]信息?
时间安排!
[07:
35.11]Timeiselusiveandtricky.
[07:
36.88] 时间难以捉摸,稍纵即逝.
[07:
38.66]Itistheeasiestthingintheworldtowastethemostdifficulttocontrol.
[07:
41.74]它是世界上最容易浪费的东西---最难支配.
[07:
44.82]Whenyoulookahead,itmayappearyouhavemorethanyouneed.
[07:
47.50]当你展望未来时,似乎你的时间比需要的还多.
[07:
50.18]Yetithasawayofslippingthroughyourfingerslikequicksand.
[07:
52.61]不过,它会像流沙一样从手中悄然流逝.
[07:
55.04]Youmaysuddenlyfindthatthereisnowaytostretchthelittletimeyouhavelefttocoverallyourobligations.
[07:
58.97]你可能突然发现你无法处长所剩的一点点时间去完成你所有的职责.
[08:
02.90]Forexample,asabeginningstudentlookingaheadtoafullterm
[08:
05.88]例如:
像一个刚开学的学生展望整个学期,
[08:
08.86]youmayfeelthatyouhaveanoversupplyoftimeonyourhands.
[08:
11.38]你可能会觉得你手头有太多的时间,
[08:
13.90]Buttowardtheendofthetermyoumaypanicbecausetimeisrunningout
[08:
16.68]但到了期末你可能因为时间已悄然而逝而恐慌.
[08:
19.46]Theanswer?
Control!
[08:
21.39]答案是什么呢?
支配时间!
[08:
23.33]Timeisdangerous.Ifyoudon'tcontrolit,itwillcontrolyou
[08:
26.15] 时间是危险的.如果你不支配它,它就会支配你.
[08:
28.97]Ifyoudon'tmakeitworkforyou,itwillworkagainstyou.
[08:
31.45]如果你不使它为你工作,它就会和你对着干.
[08:
33.93]Youmustbecomethemasteroftime,nottheservant.
[08:
36.31]你必须成为时间的主人,而不是仆人.
[08:
38.69]Studyhardandplayhardisanoldproverb,butitstillmakessense.
[08:
41.67]努力学习,尽兴玩乐是一句古老的谚语,但今天它依然有意义.
[08:
44.64]Youhaveplentyoftimeforclasses,study,work,andplay
[08:
50.70]ifyouuseyourtimeproperly.
[08:
52.43]如果你合理利用时间,你就会有充足的时间上课,学习,工作和娱乐.
[08:
54.15]Itisnothowmuchtimeyouallocateforstudythatcounts
[08:
56.52]你安排多少时间学习并不重要,
[08:
58.88]buthowmuchyoulearnwhenyoudostudy.
[09:
00.92]重要的是你学习时学到多少东西.
[09:
02.96]Toomuchwastedtimeisbadmedicine.
[09:
05.08] 时间严重浪费,就像得病吃了不能治病的药一样.
[09:
07.21]Themoretimeyouwaste,theeasieritistocontinuewastingtime
[09:
10.15]倾斜角浪费的时间越多,就越容易继续浪费时间.
[09:
13.09]Soon,doingnothingbecomesahabityoucan'tbreak.Itbecomesadrug.
[09:
16.62]很快,无所事事便成为你难以打破的习惯.它成为一种麻醉剂,
[09:
20.14]Whenthishappens,
[09:
21.57]当这些发生时,
[09:
22.99]youloseyourfeelingofaccomplishmentandyoufallbythewayside.
[09:
25.67]你会丧失进取心,半途而废.
[09:
28.35]Afullscheduleisagoodschedule.
[09:
30.32]一个完善的时间表才是一份好的时间表.
[09:
32.29]Somestudentsrefusetohearthetimemessage.
[09:
34.65] 一些学生拒绝倾听时间信息.
[09:
37.02]Theyrefusetoacceptthefactthatcollegelifedemandssomedegreeoftimecontrol.
[09:
40.15]他们拒绝接受大学生活需要在一定程度上支配时间这一事实,
[09:
43.29]Thereisnoescape.Sowhat'sthenextstep?
[09:
45.81]这是无法逃避的现实.那么下一步是什么呢?
[09:
48.33]Ifyouseriouslywishtogetthetimemessage,
[09:
50.55]如果你的确希望得到时间信息,
[09:
52.77]thispassagewillgiveittoyou,
[09:
54.51]这一章将会告诉你.
[09:
56.24]Remember--itwillnotonlyimproveyourgrades
[09:
58.73]记住---它不但会提高你的分数,
[10:
01.21]butalsofreeyoutoenjoycollegelifemore.
[10:
03.44]而且使你更轻松地享受大学生活.
[10:
05.68]Message1.Timeisvaluable-controlitfromthebeginning.
[10:
08.71] 信息1.时间珍贵,从一开始就支配它.
[10:
11.74]Timeistoday,nottomorrowornextweek.
[10:
14.22] 时间就是今天,并非明天或下星期.
[10:
16.70]Startyourplanatthebeginningoftheterm
[10:
18.83]在学期的开始就开始你的计划,
[10:
20.96]andreadjustitwitheachnewproject.
[10:
22.98]随着每一新项目的出现而重新调整.
[10:
25.01]Thusyoucanspreadyourworktimearounda
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