Research on the relation Between the SelfLeadership and WorkEngagement of the Primary and Junior S.docx
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ResearchontherelationBetweentheSelfLeadershipandWorkEngagementofthePrimaryandJuniorS
ResearchontherelationBetweentheSelf―LeadershipandWorkEngagementofthePrimaryandJuniorSchoolHeadmaster
YUShaoping[a],[b],*XUHuachun[a],[b]YOUYongheng[a].[b]
[a]CollegeofTeacherEducation,SichuanNormalUniversity,Chengdu,China.
[b]EducationandResearchCenter,Chengdu,China.
*Correspondingauthor.
Received10January2014;accepted15March2015
Publishedonline26April2015
Abstract
PurposeKnowabouttheworkengagementoftheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmasteranditsinfluencefactorstoprovideabasistoimproveit.MethodUsetheself-leadershipquestionnairesandworkengagementscalestoconductaquestionnairesurveyamong220primaryandmiddleschoolheadmasters.ResultTheself-leadershipabilityandworkengagementoftheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmasterarebothabovetheaveragelevel;exceptthatthereisnosignificantcorrelationbetweenself-awardorself-punishmentdimensionandcontributionorbetweenself-awardandconcentration,thereexistsignificantcorrelationsbetweenallthedimensionsofself-leadershipandthoseofworkengagementoftheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmaster;Itisdiscoveredwiththemultiplestepwiseregressionanalysisthatthepredictionofthetwofactorsgoalsettingandjobinnerawardenteredintheregressionequationforworkengagementreaches16.6%.ConclusionAclearjobobjective,emphasisonthevalueofthejobitself,neglectofthedisappointingsideinthejobandtothinkaboutitspositivemeaningincreasetheself-leadershipabilityoftheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmasterandfinallyimprovehisorherworkengagementaswell.
Keywords:
Self-Leadership;Workengagement;primaryandjuniorschoolheadmaster
INTRODUCTION
ThefamouseducatorXingzhiTaosaid,
“Itiseasiersaidthandidtobeaheadmaster.Whenputnarrowly,heconcernstheacademicprospectsofhundredsofthousandsofstudentsandwhenputextensively,heconcernstheriseandfallofthenationandsciences.(Fang&Tao,2005)
Therefore,theheadmaster’sworkengagementinfluencesnotonlyhisowncareerdevelopment,butalsothefutureofthecountry.Asurveywasconductedintheinvestigationoftheworkengagementsituationanditsinfluencefactorsoftheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastertoprovideascientificbasistopromotetheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmaster’sworkengagement.
1.OBJECTSANDMETHOD
1.1Object
Thesimplerandomsamplingmethodwasemployedtosample220primaryandmiddleschoolheadmasterstoconductaquestionnairesurvey,with214validquestionnairesrecovered,andtheefficiencyrate97.3.Ofalltheheadmasters,thereare9(4.2%)whoareagedabove50,106(49.5%)whoareagedbetween40and49,83(38.8%)whoareagedbetween30and39,and16(7.5%)whoareagedbelow30;3(1.4%)withaMaster’sDegreeorabove,169(79%)withaBachelor’sDegree,40(18.7%)withacollegediplomaand2(0.9%)withatechnicalsecondaryschoolcertificate;156(72.9%)whohasbeenaheadmasterfor1-5years,33(15.4%)for5-10yearsand25(11.7%)formorethan10years.Forotherdistributionsofthesample,seeTable1. 1.2Method
1.2.1Self-LeadershipQuestionnaire(Liang,2012)
Theself-leadershipquestionnairemethodusedfortheinvestigationwasmadebyHanzhongLianginseveralresearchwaysincludingthedocumentanalysis,interview,open-endedquestionnaireandstructuralizedquestionnairesurvey.Thequalitativeandquantitativeanalysisshowsthatthisquestionnairehasfavorablereliabilityandvalidityandaccordswithalltheindicatorsofpsychometrics,withtheCronbachalphacoefficientofeachsub-scalebetween0.650and0.748,andtheCronbachalphacoefficientofinnerconsistencyofthetotalscale0.893.Thesocalledself-leadershipistheself-influencingprocesswheretheinnerawardisusedtogetanindividualmotivatedtoachievetheresultaccordingtotheguidanceoftheinternalstandard,drivenbyself-needonthebasisofhisorheraccumulatedexperienceinthepracticalactivities(Zhao&Liang,2011)
1.2.2Scaleofworkengagement(Zhang&Gan,2005)
ThisscaleistherevisededitionbytheChinesescholarsYiwen,Zhang,YiqunGan,oftheUtrechtWorkEngagementScale(UWES)developedbySchaufeli,etc.Thisscalehasaltogether3dimensions:
energy(as:
intheworkIfeelthatIcanburstintoenergy),devotion(as:
Iamenthusiasticaboutmyjob)andconcentration(as:
whenworkingIwouldbeobliviousofmyself).TheCronbachalphacoefficientofeachsub-scaleisbetween0.668and0.785,theinnerhomogeneityisfavorableandtheCronbachalphacoefficientoftheinnerconsistencyinthetotalscaleis0.891.Thereexistcorrelationbetweeneachitemandthetotalscoreofitscorrespondingdimension,withthelevelprominentandconstructvalidityfavorable.Theworkengagementistheagreementdegreeofhis/herworkpsychologyortheimportantdegreeofhis/herworkinhis/herheart,whichitselfisanactiveexperienceanditembodiesthehighenergy,strongsenseofidentityandconcentrationspirit(Schaufelietal.,XXXX).
1.2.3GeneralDemographyDataQuestionnaire
Includingthegeneraldemographydatasuchasgender,age,nationalityandsoon.
1.3StatisticAnalysis
ImplementthestatisticanalysisofthedatausingthesoftwareSPSS16.0,implementthevarianceanalysisforthequantitativedatagroupcomparisonandimplementthePearsoncorrelationanalysisofthecorrelationbetweenthequantitativedata.Implementthelinearregressionanalysistoanalyzetheinfluencefactorsoftheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmaster’sworkengagementinthecountryside. 2.RESULT
2.1Self-LeadershipSituationofPrimaryandMiddleSchoolHeadmastersandItsVariationAnalysis
Thetotalaveragescoreoftheself-leadershipofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersisintherangeof3.58±0.44,withthescoreofself-awardthelowestofallthedimensionsandthescoreofself-conversationthehighestandwiththescoreofeachdimensionintherangeof(3.25±0.76,3.90±0.59),whichindicatesthattheself-leadershipofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersisabovetheaveragelevel.
AscanbeseenfromChart2and3,primaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersofdifferentagendasdifferprominentlyinself-leadershipemotionregulation(P<0.05),withmaleheadmastersmuchbetterthanfemaleones;thereexistadistinctdifferencebetweentheTibetanandHanprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersintheworkinneraward(P<0.05),withtheHanheadmasters’higherthanthatoftheTibetanones;thedifferenceissharpbetweenprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersofdifferentagesintheself-awarddimension(P<0.05).Itisfoundafterthecomparisonthattheself-awardofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersagedbetween30and49isobviouslyhigherthanthatofyoungheadmastersagedbelow30(P<0.05)andalsothanthatofheadmastersagedbelow50(P<0.05).Thereisnosharpdifferenceintheself-leadershipofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersconcerningage,educationlevelandtitles.
2.2WorkEngagementSituationofPrimaryandMiddleSchoolHeadmastersandItsDifferenceAnalysis
Thetotalaveragescoreoftheworkengagementsituationofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersisintherangeof4.39±0.65,withthescoreofvitalitythehighestofallthedimensions,concentrationcomingsecondandcontributionrelativelylow,andwiththescoreofeachdimensionintherangeof(4.62±0.64,4.17±0.78),whichindicatesthattheworkengagementofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersisatarelativelyhighlevel.SeenfromTable4,thereexistsasharpdifferencebetweenmaleandfemaleheadmastersinthecontributiondimensionconcerningworkengagementwithmaleheadmasters’obviouslyhigherthanthatoffemaleones(P<0.01).Thereisnosharpdifferenceintheworkengagementofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersconcerningnationality,age,educationlevelandgrades.
2.3CorrelationAnalysisoftheSelf-LeadershipandWorkEngagementofPrimaryandMiddleSchoolHeadmasters Thecorrelationanalysisisimplementedintheself-leadershipandworkengagementofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmasterstofigureouttheinfluencefactorsoftheworkengagementofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmasters.SeenfromTable4,exceptthatthereisnosignificantcorrelationbetweenself-awardorself-punishmentdimensionandcontributionorbetweenself-awardandconcentration,thereexistsignificantcorrelationsbetweenallthedimensionsofself-leadershipandthoseofworkengagementoftheprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmaster(P<.05).
2.4MainFactorsImpactingtheWorkEngagementofPrimaryAndMiddleSchoolHeadmasters
SeenfromTable6,intheprocessofthestepwiseregressionanalysis,self-goalsettingenterstheregressionequationModel1,indicatingthatself-goalsettinghastheclosestrelationtoworkengagementandworksinnerawardcomessecond.ThemultiplecorrelationcoefficientofthedependentvariableinModel2andthetwoindependentvariableis0.416,whichshowsthatworkengagementhasaprominentlinearrelationwithself-goalsettingandworkinnerawardandthepredictionofthetwofactorsgoalsettingandjobinnerawardenteredintheregressionequationforworkengagementreaches16.6%.
DISCUSSION
Theresearchresultsshowthatthescoreofself-awardisthelowestofallthedimensionsconcerningtheself-leadershipofprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersandself-conversationthehighest,whichimpliesthatprimaryandmiddleschoolheadmastersseldomusetheapproachofexternalawardstoinspirethemselves(likeifsomethingiswelld
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