清华大学考博英语真题及答案详解.docx
- 文档编号:15344307
- 上传时间:2023-07-03
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:21
- 大小:33.92KB
清华大学考博英语真题及答案详解.docx
《清华大学考博英语真题及答案详解.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《清华大学考博英语真题及答案详解.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
清华大学考博英语真题及答案详解
清华大学2007年博士研究生人学考试
英语试题
PartIListeningComprehension(15points)(略)
PartIIReadingComprehendon(40%)
Directions:
Thereare4readingpassagesinthispartEachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfin¬ishedstatements.ForeachorthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD*YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetQuestions16to20arebasedonthefoUowingpassage:
Sometimes,overaspanofmanyyears,abusinesswillcontinuetogrow,generatingever-increasinga-mountsofcash,repurchasingstock,payingincreaseddividends,reducingdebt,openingnewstores,expan¬dingproductionfacilities,movingintonewmarkets,etc.,whileatthesametuneitsstockpriceremainsstagnant(orevenfalls)*
Whenthishappens,theaverageandprofessionalinvestorsaliketendtooverlookthecompanybecausetheybecomefamiliarwiththetradingrange.
Take,forexample,Wal-MartOverthepastfiveyears,theretailingbehemothhasgrownsalesbyover80%,profitsbyover100%,andyetthestockpricehasfallenasmuchas30%duringthattimeframe.Clearly,thevaluationpicturehaschangedAninvestorthatreadtheannualreportbackin2000or2001mighthavepassedonthesecurity,deemingittooexpensivebasedonametricsuchasthepricetoearningsratio.Today,however,theequationiscompletelydifferent~despitethestockprice,Wal-Martis,inessence,tradingathalfitsformerpricebecauseeachshareisbackedbyalargerdividend,twicetheearningspower,morestores,andabiggerinfrastructure.HomeDepotisinmuchthesameboat,largelybecausesomeWallStreetanalystsquestionhowfasttwooftheworld’slargestcompaniescancontinuetogrowbeforetheirsheersizeslowsthemdowntotherateofthegeneraleconomy.
Coca-Colaisanotherexcellentexampleofthisphenomenon.Tenyearsago,in1996,thestocktradedbetweenarangeof$36.10and$54.30pershare.Atthetime,ithadreportedearningspershareof$1.40andpaidacashdividendof$0.50pershare.Corporatepersharebookvaluewas$2.48.Lastyear,thestocktradedwithinarangeof$40.30and$45.30pershare;squarelyinthemiddleofthesameareaithadbeennearlyadecadeprior!
Yet,despitethestagnantstockprice,the2006estimatesValueLineIn¬vestmentSurveyestimatesforearningspersharestandaround$2.16(ariseof54%),thecashdividendhasmorethandoubledto$1.20,bookvalueisexpectedtohavegrownto$7.40pershare(againof
nearly300%),andthetotalnumberofsharesoutstanding(未偿付的,未完成的)hasactuallydecreased,from2.481billiontoanestimated2,355billionduetothecompany'ssharerepurchaseprogram.
16.Thispassageisprobablyapartof•
A.FindHiddenValueintheMarketB.BecomeRicher
C.GetGoodBargainsD.IdentifyGoodCompanies
17.Theitalicizedword“stagnant’,(line3,Para.1)canbebestparaphrasedas•
A.prominentB.terribleC.unchangedD.progressingWal-Martisnowtradingatamuchlowerpricebecause.
A.ithasstoredalargequantityofgoods
B.ithasbecomefinanciallymorepowerful
C.ithasbeeneagertocollectmoneytopreventbankruptcy
D.itisagoodwaytocompetewithotherretailingcompanies
19.AllthefollowingaresharedbyWal-MartandCoco-ColaEXCEPT•
A,Thecashdividendhasincreased.B.Theearningpowerhasbecomestronger.
CBothbusinesseshavecontinuedtogrow^D.Thestockpricehasgreatlydecreased
20.Accordingtotheauthor,onehadbetter•
A.buymoreshareswhenthestockpricefallsdown
B.sellouttheshareswhenthestockpricefallsdown
C.dosomeresearchonthevalueofabusinesswhenitsstockpricefallsdown
D.investinthebusinesswhenitsstockpricefallsdown
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Today’scollegestudentsaremorenarcissistic(自恋的)andself-centeredthantheirpredecessors,ac¬cordingtoacomprehensivenewstudybyfivepsychologistswhoworrythatthetrendcouldbeharmfiiltopersonalrelationshipsandAmericansociety.
uWeneedtostopendlesslyrepeating‘You’respecial'andhavingchildrenrepeatthatback”,saidthestudy’sleadauthor,ProfessorJeanTwengeofSanDiegoStateUniversity,“Kidsareself-centeredenoughal¬ready“Unfortunately,narcissismcanalsohaveverynegativeconsequencesforsociety,includingthebreakdownofcloserelationshipswithothars”,hesaidThestudyassertsthatnarcissists“aremorelikelytohaveromanticrelationshipsthatareshort-lived,atriskforinfidelity,lackemotionalwarmtb,andtoexhibitorgame-playing,dishonesty,and.over-controllingandviolentbehaviors,,.Twenge,theauthorof“GenerationMe:
WhyToday’sYoungAmericansAreMoreConfident,Assertive,Entitled~andMoreMiserableThanEverBefore”,saidnarcissiststendtolackempathy,reactaggressivelytocriticismandfavorself-promotionoverhelpingothers*
Someanalystshavecommendedtoday’syoungpeopleforincreasedcommitmenttovolunteerworkButTwengeviewedeventhisphenomenonskeptically,notingthatmanyhighschoolsrequirecommunityservice%
andmanyyouthsfeelpressuretolistsuchendeavorsoncollege*applications.
Campbellsaidthenarcissismupsurgeseemedsopronounced(非常明显的)thathewasunsureiftherewereobviousremedies.“Permissivenessseemstobeacomponent”,hesaid“Apotentialantidotewouldbemoreauthoritativeparenting*Lessindulgencemightbecalledfor”
Yetstudents,whileacknowledgingsomelegitimacytosuchfindings,don'tnecessarilyacceptnegativegeneralizationsabouttheirgeneration.
HanadyKader,aUniversityofWashingtonsenior,saidsheworkedunpaidlastsummerhelpingresettlerefugeesandconsidersmanyofherpeerstobecivic-mindedButsheisdismayed(气傻;灰心、)bythecom¬petitivenessofsomestudentswhoseemprematurelyfocusedoncareerstatus*“We,reencouragedalottobeindividualsandgooutthereanddowhatyouwant,andnobodyshouldstandinyourway”,Kadersaid“Icanseegoalsandambitionsgettinginthewayofotherthingslikerelationships”.
KariDalane,aUniversityofVermontsophomore,saysmostofhercontemporariesarepoliticallyactiveandnotoverlyself-centered“Peopleareworriedaboutthemselves—^butinthesenseofwherearethey’rego¬ingtofindaplaceintheworld”,shesaid“Peoplewanttolooktheirbest,haveagoodtime,butitdoesn’tmeanthey'renotconcernedabouttherestoftheworld”;Besides,someoftheresponsesonthenarcissismtestmightnotbeworrisome,Dalanesaid.“Itwouldbemoredepressingifpeopleanswered,4No,I’mnotspecial,,,•
21.Accordingtothepassage,anarcissisticpersonmay-,
A.hatecriticismB.bedishonesttohis/herpartner
C,beunwillingtohelpothersD;Alltheabove
22.Theitalicizedword“commended”(line1,Para.3)means
A.praisedB.criticizedCrecommendedD.disfavored
23.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Narcissismmayresultinbadconsequences-
B.Collegestudentsareactivetoparticipateinvolunteerwork.
C.Somepeopledoubtwhetherthereareremediestocounterthenarcissismupsurge.
D.Somecollegestudentsareoverlyengagedinself-promotion.
24.Itisimpliedthat•
A.boththeresearchersandcollegestudentsareworriedaboutthetrendofnarcissism
B.theresearchersandcollegestudentsdisagreeonthefindingsofthestudy
C.theresearchersandcollegestudentsdisagreeonsomeofthefindingsofthestudy
D.collegestudentsarepessimisticabouttheirfuture
25-Itispropertobewhenyouhearsomeonesay“I,mspecial'
A.objectiveB.pessimisticCoptimisticD.worried
Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
TheHouseisexpectedtopassapieceoflegislationThursdaythatseekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployersandcouldpossiblyreversedecadesofdecliningmembershipamongprivateindustries*4i
TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldallowauniontoberecognizedaftercollecting狂majorityofvotecards,insteadofwaitingfortheNationalLaborRelationsBoardtooverseeasecretballotelection,whichcanoccurmorethan50daysafterthecardvoteiscompleted
RepresentativesofbusinessonCapitolHillopposethebillTheNationalAssociationofManufacturers,TheNationalFederationofIndependentBusiness,theU.S,ChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsopposetheshiftawayfromsecretballotssayingthechangecouldthreatentheprivacyoftheworkers.“Thisisn’taboutpreventingincreasedunionization,it’saboutprotectingrights”,saidtheNationalAssocia¬tionofManufacturer’sJasonStraczewski,ofhisorganization’soppositiontobillStraczewskisayselimina¬tingthesecret-ballotstepwouldopenupemployeestocoercion(强迫:
胁迫)fromunions,
SamueloftheAFL-CIOcontendstherealcoercioncomesfromemployers.“Workerstalkingtoworkersareequalswhilemanagerstalkingtoworkersaren’t”,SamuelsaidHecitesthe31,358casesofillegalem¬ployerdiscriminationactedonbytheNationalLaborRelationsBoardin2005.
Samuelalsopointsoutthatcountertoclaimsfromthebusinesslobby,thesecretballotwouldnotbee-liminatedThechangewouldonlytakethecontrolofthetimingoftheelectionoutofthehandsoftheem¬ployers.“Ontheground,thedifferencebetweenhavingthislegislationandnotwouldbethedifferencebe¬tweennightandday”,saidRichardShawoftheHarrisCountyCentralLaborCouncil,whosaysitwouldhaveatremendousimpactonthelocallevel.
Thebillhasotherprovisions(规定,条款)aswell.TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldalsoimposebindingarbitration(仲裁)whenacompanyandanewlyformedunioncannotagreeonacontractafter3months.Anagreementworkedoutunderbindingcompulsoryarbitrationwouldbeineffectfor2yea
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 清华大学 英语 答案 详解