徐州市高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx
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徐州市高考英语 阅读理解试题含答案.docx
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徐州市高考英语阅读理解试题含答案
徐州市高考英语阅读理解试题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Onaverage,Americansspendabout10hoursadayinfrontofacomputerorotherelectronicdevicesandlessthan30minutesadayoutdoors.ThatisaclaimmadebyDavidStrayer,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofUtah.Inhis2017TEDTalk,Strayerexplainedthatallthistimespentwithtechnologyismakingourbrainstired.
Usinganelectronicdevicetoansweremails,listentothenewsandlookatFacebookputsalotofpressureonthefrontofthebrain,which,Strayerexplains,isimportantforcritical(有判断力的)thinking,problem-solvinganddecision-making.
So,itisimportanttogivethebrainarest.Andbeinginnaure,Strayerclaims,helpsgetatiredbrainawayfromtoomuchtechnology.Morethan15,000campersfromaroundtheworldattendedaninternationalcampingfestivalinSeptember.Thatiswhenfriendsandfamilytaketimeoffandescapetonatureforseveraldays.Theytakewalks,climb,explore,swim,sleep,eatandplay.Campingmaybejustwhatatiredbrainneeds.
TakeCarlforexample.HelivesinWestVirginiaandenjoyscamping.Hesaysthatstayingoutdoorsmakeshimfeelatease.Italsoprepareshimfortheworkhemustdo.KateSomersisanotherexamplewhoalsolivesinWestVirginia.Shesayssheenjoyscampingwithherhusbandandtwochildren.Shecallsita“regenerative”experience.
AttheUniversityofUtah,DavidStrayerhasstudiedbothshort-termandlong-termexposuretonature.Hefoundthatspendingshortamountsoftimeinnaturewithouttechnologydoescalmthebrainandhelpsittorememberbetter.However,hefound,itisthelong-termcontactwithnaturethatdoesthemostgood.Heandhisresearchteamfoundthatspendingthreedaysinnaturewithoutanytechnologyisenoughtimeforthebraintofullyrelaxandresetitself.
(1)WhatisDavidStrayer'sopinion?
A. Americansdislikeoutdooractivities.
B. Electronicequipmentshouldbequitted.
C. Newtechnologiesareadouble-edgedsword.
D. Electronicequipmentbringsgreatconvenience.
(2)WhydoesStrayerinsistwegooutdoors?
A. Totryanotherlifestyle.
B. Torefreshourbrain.
C. Tomakebetterdecisions.
D. Toplaywithourfamilyandfriends.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“regenerative”mean?
A. Reborn B. Memorable C. Remarkable D. Tiring
(4)Whichisthepropertitleforthepassage?
A. ElectronicEquipmentHarmstheBrain. B. GoodRestDevelopsGoodMemory.
C. TipsonUsingNewTechnologies.
D. BeinginNatureIsGoodfortheBrain.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文,主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息,因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动,让大脑休息。
(1)推理判断题。
根据第二段Usinganelectronicdevicetoansweremails,listentothenewsandlookatFacebookputsalotofpressureonthefrontofthebrain可知,电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便,也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力,故可知,科技是一把双刃剑,故选C。
(2)细节理解题。
根据第三段So,itisimportanttogivethebrainarest.Andbeinginnature,Strayerclaims,helpsgetatiredbrainawayfromtoomuchtechnology.可知,亲近大自然,可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品,让大脑获得休息,故选B。
(3)词义猜测题。
根据前文TakeCarlforexample.HelivesinWestVirginiaandenjoyscamping.Hesaysthatstayingoutdoorsmakeshimfeelatease.Italsoprepareshimfortheworkhemustdo.可知,喜欢露营,呆在户外让他感到轻松,能够为必须做的工作做好准备,故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程,让大脑休息的过程,故选A。
(4)主旨大意题。
本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息,因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动,让大脑休息,故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇说明类阅读,要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼),然后以此为线索,运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的:
段落、语句,仔细品味,同时根据上下文进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Wehavemanytripsforyoutoexploretheworldyourway.Ourtravelideasareasdiverseastheworlditselfandaredesignedtoletyouexperienceit.Pleasestartwiththefollowingfourtrips.
AthensandCreteExplorer
VisitGreek'sfamouscapital,Athens,anditslargestisland,Crete,onthisGreecevacation.InAthens,tourtheiconicAcropolisandheadtonearbyDelphitoseethehomeoftheancientOracle,beforeflyingtotheislandofCretewhereyoucanexploreitscapital,Heraklion,andenjoyitsworld-famousdietofseafoodandcheese.
Duration:
8Days PricesFrom:
US$892
TripType:
Romance&Honeymoon,Tailor-madeTravelIdeas
LondonforFamilies
Designedtothrillpeopleofallages,thisfamilyLondonvacationexploresthesights,historyandmagicofthisgreatcity.VisittheworldofHarryPotter,theoriginalMadameTussaud'sWaxMuseum,andtaketheOriginalLondonSightseeingTour.
Duration:
9Days PricesFrom:
US$634
TripType:
FamilyVacations,Stopovers/CityBreaks,Tailor-madeTravelIdeas
Australia&NewZealand
ExplorethetwomostpopularcitiesofAustraliaandNewZealandonthisair-landtour.StartinSydney,whereyou'lltourtheSydneyOperaHouse,sailacrossthefamousharbour,andseekoalasandkangaroosatTarongaZoo.ThenheadontoAucklandwhereyou'llexplorethetwinharbours,learnaboutMaoritraditions,andenjoyunbeatableviewsofthelandscape.
Duration:
11Days PricesFrom:
US$1,999
TripType:
VacationPackageswithAirfare
ClassicEgypt
ThistourisatrueclassicdesignedtogivethetravelerwithlimitedtimeasuperbintroductiontothecivilizationofAncientEgypt,focusingontheNileanditsimportancetothepeople.TheancientlandofEgyptinspirestheimaginationlikenoother.UnlockthelandofthePharaohsonthis9dayjourneyalongtheNile.
Duration:
9Days PricesFrom:
US$1,495
TripType:
Classics(Bestsellers),Tailor-madeTravelIdeas
(1)Whichtripismorelikelytakenbyanewly-marriedcouple?
A. LondonforFamilies. B. Australia&NewZealand.
C. ClassicEgypt.
D. AthensandCreteExplorer.
(2)IfyouareonthetriptoLondonforFamilies,youwillsee________.
A.theancientOracle
B.theworldofHarryPotter
C.koalasandkangaroos
D.theancientlandofEgypt
(3)Fromthetext,itcanbelearntthatallthefourtrips________.
A.havethesametriptype
B.takemorethanoneweek
C.takemorethanUS$1000
D.enjoytheirfamousdiet
(4)Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?
A.Atravelbrochure.
B.Asciencefiction.
C.Astorybook.
D.Atextbook.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)B
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四个旅游行程。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据AthensandCreteExplorer部分中的”TripType:
Romance&Honeymoon,Tailor-madeTravelIdeas“旅行类型:
浪漫蜜月,量身定做的旅行创意,可推知,新婚夫妇极可能会选择AthensandCreteExplorer”雅典和克里特岛探险家“。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据LondonforFamilies部分中的”VisittheworldofHarryPotter“参观哈利波特的世界,可知,如果参加伦敦的家庭之旅,你会看到哈利波特的世界。
故选B。
(3)考查细节理解题。
根据四个旅游行程中Duration(持续时间)的介绍信息“Duration:
8Days ,Duration:
9Days,Duration:
11Days”可知,这四个旅游行程都超过了一周。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的”Wehavemanytripsforyoutoexploretheworldyourway.Ourtravelideasareasdiverseastheworlditselfandaredesignedtoletyouexperienceit.Pleasestartwiththefollowingfourtrips.“我们有很多旅行供您以您的方式探索世界。
我们的旅游理念和世界本身一样多样化,旨在让您体验它。
请从以下四次旅行开始。
可推知,这篇文章可能来自于旅游手册。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Wespendagreatamountoftimelisteningtomusic.Mostcollegestudentslistentomusicatleastthreeorfourtimesaweek,andmorethan50percentofthemgotoatleastoneconcertperyear.
Accordingtonewresearch,wemaybebornlikingmusic,becausehumanbeingsareborntofindcertaincombinationsofsoundsattractive.Forexample,youngchildrencanrecognizeafamiliarSongevenwhenitskeyischanged.Similarly,theyrespondwithmoreemotionstotheirmothers'singingthantotheirmothers'speech.Carefulanalysisofmothers'child-directedsongsindicatesthateachmother'ssongsremainstablefromone"performance"tothenext,andthismayencouragechildren'sengagementwiththesongs.
Researchwithadultssuggeststhatmusiccatchesourattentionbyactivating(激活)brainpathwaysthataremostsuitedtoprocessingmusicthantoprocessingotherkindsofsound.Specifically,musicappreciationreliesontheauditorycortex(听觉皮层)ontherightsideofthebrain,whichisspecializedtoprocesssoundthatcharacterizesmusic-incontrasttotheleftauditorycortex,whichprocessesthestop-and-startburstsofsoundthatcharacterizespeech.
AlthoughsomePsychologistsremainskepticalaboutwhethermusicmayhavepowerfuleffectsonourthinking,anumberofstudieshaveshownthatlisteningtomusiccanincreasepeople'sspatialreasoningabilitiesFurthermore,Itisclearthatmusiccangreatlyinfluenceouremotions.Personallysignificantmusicactivatesareasofthebrainassociatedwithpleasureandreward,thesameareasthatareactivatedbysexandgoodfood.
Researchersdonotagreeabouthowhumans'abilitiestoprocessandenjoymusichavecomeintobeing.Anyway,thenexttimeyouenjoylisteningtoapieceofmusic,rememberthatthemostcomplexpiecesofaudioequipmentaretheonesbetweenyourheadphones.
(1)Whichofthefollowingmightbelongtothe"certaincombinationsofsounds"inparagraph2?
A. Asong. B. Adebate. C. Aquarrel. D. Adialogue.
(2)Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph4that .
A.nodoubtmusiccanincreasepeople'sthinkingability
B.musicsimplygivespeoplepositiveemotions
C.onlymusiccangivepeoplepurepleasureandreward
D.musichasagreatinfluenceonhumanbeings
(3)Accordingtothepassage,themostcomplexpiecesofaudioequipmentlie .
A.atacollege
B.inaconcert
C.inthebrain
D.intheheadphone
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,根据一项新的研究,人类可能天生就喜欢音乐,因为人类天生就会发现某些声音的组合很有吸引力。
大量的研究表明,听音乐可以提高人们的空间推理能力,还可以极大地影响我们的情绪。
研究人员对人类处理和欣赏音乐的能力是如
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