高中英语阅读理解基础测试题题库.docx
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高中英语阅读理解基础测试题题库.docx
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高中英语阅读理解基础测试题题库
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
JaneAustenislovedmainlyasacharmingguidetofashionablelifeintheRegencyperiod(英国摄政时期).Sheisadmiredfordescribingaworldofeleganthouses,dances,servantsandfashionableyoungmendrivingbarouches(四轮四座大马车).Butherownvisionofhertaskwascompletelydifferent.Shewasanambitiousandstrictmoralist.Shewashighlyconsciousofhumanfailingsandshehadadeepdesiretomakepeoplenicer:
lessselfish,morereasonableandmoresensitivetotheneedsofothers.
InPrideandPrejudice,Mr.DarcyandElizabethBonnetstartoffheartilydislikingeachotherandthen,graduallyrealizetheyareinlove.Theymakeoneofthegreatromanticcouples.Heishandsome,richandwellconnected;sheispretty,smartandlively.Butwhyactuallyaretheyrightforoneanother?
JaneAustenisveryclear.It'sforareasonwetendnottothinkofverymuchtoday:
Itisbecauseeachcaneducateandimprovetheother.WhenMr.Darcyarrivesintheneighborhood,hefeels"superior"toeveryoneelse,becausehehasmoremoneyandhigherstatus.Atakeymoment,Elizabethcondemnshisarrogance(自大)andpridetohisface.Itsoundsoffensiveintheextreme,butlaterheadmitsthatthiswasjustwhatheneeded.
Mostly,wetendtothinkofloveaslikingsomeoneforwhotheyalreadyare,andoftotalacceptance.Butthepersonwhoisrightforus,Austenissaying,isnotsimplysomeonewhomakesusfeelrelaxedorcomfortable;theygottobeabletohelpusovercomeourfailingsandbecomemoremature,morehonestandkinder—andweneedtodosomethingsimilarforthem.
(1)WhatdoweknowaboutJaneAustenfromparagraph1?
A. Shelivedafashionablelife.
B. Shewroteaboutthelifeoftherich.
C. Sheknewexactlyhumanvirtues. D. Shewasnicertolessselfishpeople.
(2)WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Darcyfromthetext?
A. HedislikesElizabethfromthebeginningtotheend.
B. Heishandsome,richandrathermodest.
C. Heiskindtoeveryoneintheneighborhood.
D. HeneedsElizabethtopointouthisshortcomings.
(3)WhichpersonisrightforyouaccordingtoJaneAusten?
A. Apersonthatyoulikeforwhoheorsheis.
B. Apersonwithwhomyoufeelreallyrelaxed.
C. Apersonmakingyoubecomeabettermanorwoman.
D. Apersonwhodoessomethingsimilartoyou.
(4)WhatmessagedoesthebookPrideandPrejudiceconvey?
A. Improveyourselfwithyourlover'shelp.
B. Acceptthepeopleyoulovetotally.
C. Earnmuchmoneytomakepeopleloveyou.
D. Findyourtruelovewithprideandprejudice.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了简·奥斯丁的著作《傲慢与偏见》中传达了在爱人的帮助下提高自己的思想。
简·奥斯丁认为一个让你成为更好的男人或女人的人最适合你。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的”Sheisadmiredfordescribingaworldofeleganthouses,dances,servantsandfashionableyoungmendrivingbarouches.“她因描述了一个充满优雅的房子、舞蹈、仆人和时髦的年轻人驾着四轮马车的世界而受到赞赏。
可知她写了关于富人的生活。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的”Atakeymoment,Elizabethcondemnshisarroganceandpridetohisface.Itsoundsoffensiveintheextreme,butlaterheadmitsthatthiswasjustwhatheneeded.“在关键时刻,伊丽莎白当面谴责了他的傲慢和骄傲。
这听起来很无礼,但后来他承认这正是他所需要的。
可知达西先生需要伊丽莎白指出他的缺点。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的”Butthepersonwhoisrightforus,Austenissaying,isnotsimplysomeonewhomakesusfeelrelaxedorcomfortable;theygottobeabletohelpusovercomeourfailingsandbecomemoremature,morehonestandkinder—andweneedtodosomethingsimilarforthem.“但奥斯汀说,适合我们的人,不仅仅是让我们感到放松或舒适的人;他们必须能够帮助我们克服失败,变得更成熟、更诚实、更善良——我们需要为他们做一些类似的事情。
可知简·奥斯丁认为一个让你成为更好的男人或女人的人最适合你。
故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的”It'sforareasonwetendnottothinkofverymuchtoday:
Itisbecauseeachcaneducateandimprovetheother.“这是一个我们今天很少想到的原因:
因为每个人都可以教育且帮助对方提高。
可知《傲慢与偏见》这本书传达了在爱人的帮助下提高自己的信息。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Waterisanecessityoflife.Rain,especially,helpsplantsgrowandstaygreen.Buttoomuchrain,especiallyincities,canleadtoflooding.Thatcancausewastewatersystemstooverflowandsendpollutantsintoriversandotherwaterways.Tofighttheproblem,severalcitiesintheUnitedStatesarestartingprogramslikerooftopgardens.
AteamattheUniversityoftheDistrictofColumbiainthenation'scapitalhascreatedagardenonthetopofoneschoolbuilding.Thegardenholdsmanykindsofplantstohelpabsorbrainwaterandgrowfoodatthesametime.ArchitectDavidBellhasdesignedfive"greenroofs"fortheuniversity.Hesaysheisexcitedabouttheprojectbecause"itmeantdoingsomethingmorethanjustdealingwithstormwatermanagement.Ittookadvantageofaresourceabovethecityandtheseflatroofsthataren'tdoinganythingreallybecamesomethingthatwasabouturbanagriculture."Rainwateriscollectedinlargecontainersandsentthroughasystemthatwaterstherooftopgarden.Theroofisfilledwithgreenlifethatappealstoinsects.
Incities,"youdon'thavethatmanyspacestochoosefromandsorooftopsarejust(unused)space,"saysCaitlinArlotta.Sheisastudentintheschool'sUrbanAgricultureprogram.Theprojectispartofaresearchprogramtoseewhichplantsdowellonrooftops.Theresearchersarelookingatplantsincludingstrawberries,tomatoesandsweetpotatoes.Theuniversityalsohasothergreenspaces."Wealsohaveourownfarmexperiments,"Arlottasaid."Withineachofthosegrowingsystems,wewanttobeabletotellpeoplewhichsortsofthesecropsgrowthebest."
SandyFarberBandierhelpsrunUDC'sMasterGardenerprogram.ItseekstoimprovecitiesandmakethembeautifulbytrainingpeopletobecomeMasterGardeners.Shesaysshe'sbeensurprisedbythegarden'soutput."Mybiggestsurprisewasthatweproduced4,250poundsofproducethefirstyearandwasabletospreadthattopeopleinneed."ShealsolikesbeingabletoshowpeoplewholiveinD.C.andothersbeyondthenation'scapitalwhatandhowfoodcanbegrownonarooftop."Thisisthefutureforfood.Yougrowithere,youprepareitinacommercialkitchen,youdistributethroughfarmersmarkets,foodtrucks,andthenyourecycle."
(1)Whatdoweknowabouttherooftopgardens?
A. Rooftopgardensareverycommoninaverageneighborhoods.
B. Therearemanysortsofplantstherewhichhelptakeinrainwater.
C. They'replayinganimportantroleinthecity'sfoodsupply.
D. Rooftopgardensarenomorethancontainerstocollectrainwater.
(2)WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?
A. Rooftopscanofferenoughspacetoplantcrops.
B. Manyplantslikestrawberriescangrowwellonrooftops.
C. SomeuniversitystudentsareparticipatingintheUrbanAgricultureprogram.
D. Theplantsinrooftopgardensareattractivetomanyinsects.
(3)HowdoesSandyFarberBandierfeelaboutthefutureofrooftopgardens?
A. Confident.
B. Doubtful.
C. Worried.
D. Ambiguous.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A. RainwaterNecessityforPlantLife
B. GreenRoofs-TheFutureofUrbanAgriculture
C. TheUnitedStates'AgricultureProgram
D. RooftopGardens-FoodParadise
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。
美国由于雨水过多,为了避免浪费,美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。
在大学校舍的顶部建造花园,种植多种植物吸收雨水,利用城市上空的一种资源,成为了城市农业的一部分。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"Thegardenholdsmanykindsofplantstohelpabsorbrainwaterandgrowfoodatthesametime."可知,花园里有多种植物,可以帮助吸收雨水,故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Sheisastudentintheschool'sUrbanAgricultureprogram...Theresearchersarelookingatplantsincludingstrawberries,tomatoesandsweetpotatoes.Theuniversityalsohasothergreenspaces.‘Wealsohaveourownfarmexperiments’。
”可知,凯特琳·阿洛塔是该校都市农业计划的学生。
"研究人员正在研究包括草莓、西红柿和甘薯在内的植物。
这所大学还有其他绿地。
","我们也有自己的农场实验",由此可推断出有许多大学生正在参与这项城市农业计划。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“ShealsolikesbeingabletoshowpeoplewholiveinD.C.andothersbeyondthenation'scapitalwhat andhow foodcanbegrownonarooftop.‘Thisisthefutureforfood.Yougrowithere,youprepareitinacommercialkitchen,youdistributethroughfarmersmarkets,foodtrucks,andthenyourecycle.’"SandyFarberBandier喜欢向住在华盛顿特区和首都以外地区的人们展示在屋顶上可以种植什么以及如何种植食物。
她认为"这是食品的未来。
你在这里种植,在商业厨房里准备,通过农贸市场分发。
食品卡车,然后回收利用。
"由此可推断出她对于屋顶花园的未来很自信。
故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
第一段说美国由于雨水过多,为了避免浪费,美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。
接着下文进行了详细介绍了在大学校舍的顶部建造花园,种植多种植物吸收雨水,利用城市上空的一种资源,成为了城市农业的一部分,有人认为这是未来的食物。
由此可知,本文主要叙述了绿色屋顶城市农业的未来。
综观全文可知,文中greenroofs(绿色屋顶)贯穿全文,第一段最后一句greenroofs(绿色屋顶)是建在城市的农业(UrbanAgriculture),故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Idiomsareoneofthehardestpartsoflearningalanguage.Forthoseofyouwhodon'tknow,anidiomisaphrasewhichhasameaning,butthemeaningisnotclearfromthewordsthemselves.Ifyoutranslateanidiomwordforword,itsometimesmakesnosenseatall.Theyarelikepuzzlesandevennativespeakerscangetconfusedwhensomeoneusesaphrasethatthey'veneverheardof.
Withthatinmind,herearefivecommonEnglishidiomsthatyoucanuseinavarietyofSituations.
⒈Getyouracttogether(Meaning:
youneedtoimproveyourbehaviour/work)
Thismightbesomethingyourteachersaystoyouifyouscorebadlyinanexamorifyoumisbehaveinclass.Youcanalsouseittotalkaboutpeopleingeneral.Forexample,ifyourfriendisbeingmeanornastyfornoreason,thenyoucantellthemthattheyneedtogettheiracttogether.
⒉Pullyourselftogether(Meaning:
calmdown)
Thisisasomewhatimpolitewayoftellingsomeonethattheyareoverreactingandthattheyneedtorelax.Onlyusethisifyouthinkthepersonyouarespeakingtoisgettingupsetoversomethinginsignificant.Ifyourfriendtellsyouthattheircloserelativehasdied,itisNOTthetimetotellthemto
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