1JUNE中级.docx
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1JUNE中级.docx
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1JUNE中级
PARTONE
Questions1–7
●Lookatthestatementsbelowandthebookreviewsontheoppositepage.
●Whichbook(A,B,CorD)doseeachstatement1–7referto?
●Foreachstatement!
–7,makeoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheet.
●Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.
Example:
1Itincludesstudiesofanumberofcompaniesaroundtheworld.
0
ABCD
1Itlooksathowbusinessorganizationscanaffecttheenvironment.
2Itcontainspracticaladviceforpeopleinvolvedindatacollection.
3Itclaimsthatearlieranalysesofthisaspectoforganizationsweretoosimplistic.
4Itexaminescontrastingapproachestostaffselection.
5Itgivesabetterexplanationoftheissuesthanotherbooksonthesubject.
6Itdrawsonthepersonalexperienceofthewriters.
7Itlooksathowexternalinfluencescanimpactontheeffectivenessofmanagers.
A
MANAGERSINTHEMAKING
Asexamplesof‘organisational’and
‘market’approachestosociety,Japanand
Britainprovideausefulcontrast,showing
thenationalandculturalfactorswhich
affecttheperformanceofexecutives.
Thereisextensiveresearchdatabehind
thisbook,andkeyareasofcomparison
betweenthetwocountriesincludetheir
differentsystemsofrecruitmentandtheir
diversesystemsbothtomanagement
controlandtheworkenvironment.
AnalysingOrganisations
Thisbookprovidessupportformanagerswho
needtoplanorganisationalresearchwitha
step-by-step,‘how-to’guide.Theauthors
describeeachpartoftheprocess,the
advantagesanddisadvantagesthatresultfrom
manyofthechoicesthatmustbemade,and
thelessonstheyhavelearntfromyearsspent
designingandconductingsurveys.The
sectionsonresearchintorecruitmentand
employmentrelationshipsareparticularly
informative.
B
C
TheCultureOfOrganisations
Thisbooklookatthecultureof
businessorganisationsandthewriters
suggestthatthisismorecomplexand
diversethanhadpreviouslybeen
recognised.Avarietyofdifferentand
non–traditionalresearchsettingsacross
industriesarerepresented,includinga
carplantinSlovenia,aUSsoftware
developerandaKoreanelectronics
company.
ImagesOfOrganisations
Thisbookshowshoworganistionscan
bemanagedanddesignedinnewways.
Therearechaptersonthecomplexityof
corporateculture,andonhowmanagers
candealwiththenegativeimpact
organisationsmayhaveonsocietyand
thenaturalworld.Nootherpublication
coverstheargumentssoclearlywhile
developingtheimplicationsfor
managementwithsuchforce.
D
PARTTWO
Questions8–12
●Readthearticlebelowaboutarecruitmentcompany.
●Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofilleachofthegaps.
●Foreachgap8–12,markoneletter(A-G)onyourAnswerSheet.
●Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.
●Thereisanexampleatthebeginning.
PROSPECTSAREGROWING
JaneWoodford,headofProspectsrecruitmentgroup,talksabouthowthecompanyissettogrow.
Howmanyjobshavemanagingdirectorsreadingthisarticlehadalready?
Five?
Morethanten?
Well,JaneWoodford,headoftheProspectsrecruitmentgroup,hashadanamazingseventeenjobs.Woodfordhaskeptacarefulcountofjobs.whichincludeworkinginfastfood,atatheatreandasadress-maker.(0)___G___.InFebruaryofthisyear,afterseveralyearsasapartnerinthebusiness,shebecamethemanagingdirectoroftheProspectsgroup.
Prospectswasstartedin1988astheJobShopgroup,byHilaryMarks.Aformerestateagent,shedecidedtogoitaloneandlaunchedthecompanyinathree-metrebythree-metreoffice,afteradownturnintheproperlymarket.(8)_______.‘Idon’tthinkshebelievedshecouldfindanybodywhocaredasmuchabouther‘baby’asshedid’,saysWoodford.
SurelyitmusthavebeendifficultforMarkswhenWoodfordbecametheMDandshebecamemarketingdirector?
Yes,Woodfordagreeitwas:
‘ItwasextremelyhardforHilary,becauseoriginallyshehadbeenherownboss.Buthowtomanagechangesinthecompanywassomethingweallhadtolearnabout.’(9)______.Somebenefitedfromthisopportunitywhileothersdidn’t,thoughthecompanyhasonlylosttwoofitslong-servingmanagers.
Thechangeintheheadofthecompanyhappenedatthesametimeasthecompany’snamechanged.AbrainstormingsessionbetweenWoodford,MarksandtheiraccountantproducedthenamePropects.Thecompanynowhasthreeseparatetradingdivisions,eachwithitsowninternalmanagementstructure.OneofProspects’operations,NewDirections,providesITtrainingforclientsandcourseaboutemploymentaffairsforstudents,teachersandeducationaladvisers.(10)______.‘Weneedtobecloselyinvolvedwiththeeducationalsystem,’shesays.
Alwayslookingtoencourageandmotivatestaff,Prospectshasappointedteamleaders,givingthemextraresponsibilityfordealingwiththecompany’accounts,budgetingandday-to-dayoperations.(11)______.‘Weacceptthattheymaygoontobecomedirectorsofothercompanies,’Woodfordexplains.
So,whatareWoodford’sownambitionsforProspects?
‘I’dliketoconsolidatealltheworkwehavealreadydoneandcontinuetobuildupagoodteamofpeople,’sherepliessimply.(12)______.‘WhenarecruiterhasbeenwithusforthreeyearsweofferfinancialbonusestowardsthecostofopeninghisorherownProspectsbranch,’shesays.
Examples:
0
ABCDEFG
AThereasoningbehindthisdecisionwasthatthesepeoplewillhelpthecompanytoprogress,andyettheirowncareerswillbenefitatthesametime.
BOriginally,shewasn’tlookingforabusinesspartneratall.
CShejoinedthecompanyin1995asbusinessdevelopmentmanager,andbecameashareholderin1996andadirectorin1997beforetakingonhercurrentposition.
DWoodfordseesthisactivityasparticularlyimportantforProspectsbecauserecruitmentisn’tsomethingshebelievesshouldstandonitsown.
ESheisalsokeenforhertrustedconsultants,asshecallsthem,toshareinthecompany’ssuccessthroughitsinternalrewardscheme.
FDiscussiongroupsweresetuptohelpstaffateverylevelmakethenecessaryadjustments.
GThisverywideexperienceofworkinglifehaswithoutadoubthelpedherasahighlysuccessfulrecruiter.
PARTTHREE
Questions13–18
●ReadthearticlebelowaboutSmithson’s,aBritishdepartmentstore,andthequestionsontheoppositepage.
●Foreachquestion13–18,markoneletter(A,B,CorD)onyourAnswerSheetfortheansweryouchoose.
DepartmentStoreMagic
Formostofthe20thcenturySmithson’swasoneofBritain’smostsuccessfuldepartmentstores,butbythemid-1990s,ithadbecomedull.Stillprofitable,thankslargelytoaseriesofsuccessfuladvertisingcampaigns,butdecidedlyboring.Thefamouswerecarefulnottobeseenthere,anditssalesstaffdidn’tseemtohavechangedsincethestoreopenedin1908.Worstofall,itscustomerswerebuyingfewerandfewerofitsown-brandproducts,themajorpartofitsbusiness,andshowingaprefernceformorefashionablebrand.
Butnowallthishaschanged,thankstoRowenaBaker,whobecameSmithson’sfirstwomanChiefExecutivethreeyearsago.Sincethen,whilemostmajorretailersinBritainhavebeenlosingmoney,Smithson’sprofitshavebeenrisingsteadily.WhenBakerstartedalotofimprovementshadjustbeenmadetothebuilding,withouthavinganyeffectonsales,andshetookthebolddecisiontoinviteoneofEurope’smostexcitinginteriordesignerstodevelopthefashionarea,theheartofthestore.Thisveryquicklyledtorisingsales,evenbeforethegoodsondisplaywerechanged.Andassalesgrew,sodidprofits.
Bakerhadambitiousplansforthestorefromthestart.‘We’replayingabiggame,toprovewe’reuptherewiththeleadersinoursector,andwehavetomakesurepeoplegetthatmessage.Smithson’shadfallenbehindthecompetition.Itprovidedatraditionalservicetargetedatmiddle-aged,middle-incomecustomers,who’dbeenshoppingthereforyears,andthecustomersbasewasgraduallycontracting.Ourideaistosellsuchanexcitingvarietyofgoodsthateveryonewillwanttocomein,whethertheyplantospendalittleoralot.’Baker’svisionforthestoreisclear,butachievingitisfarfromsimple.Atfirst,manyemployeesresistedherimprovementsbecausetheyjustwouldn’tbepersuadedthattherewasanythingwrongwiththewaythey’dalwaysdonethings,eveniftheyacceptedthatthestorehadtoovertakeitscompetitiors.Ittookmanylongmeetings,involvingtheentireworkforce,towintheirsupport.IthelpedwhentheyrealizedthatBakerwasaverydifferentkindofmanagerfromtheonestheyhadknown.
Baker’sstaffpoliciescontainedmoresurprises.Theuniformthathardlychangedsincedayonehasnowdisappeard.Moreover,teenagersnowgetyoungshopassistants,andstaffinthesportsdepartmentsarethemselvessportsfansintrainers.AsBakerexplains,‘Howcanyouselljeansifyou’rewearingablacksuit’Simthson’shasanewidentity,andthisneedstobemadecleartothecustomers.’She’salsogiveneverysalesassistantresponsibilityforensuringcustomersatisfaction,evenifitmeansoccasionallybreakingcompanyrulesinthehopethatthiswillhelpcompanyprofits.
RowenaBakerisprovingsuccessful,buttheCity’sbiginvestorshaven’tbeenpersuaded.Accordingtoretailanalyst,JoneMatthews,‘Moneyhadalreadybeeninvestedinrefurbishmentofthestoreandinfactthatledtotheboostinsales.Shetookthecredit,buthadn’tdoneanythingtoachieveit.Andinmyviewthecompany’sshareholdersarenotconvinced.
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- JUNE 中级