高考英语专题复习定语从句复习带答案.docx
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高考英语专题复习定语从句复习带答案.docx
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高考英语专题复习定语从句复习带答案
辅导教案
学员姓名:
学科教师:
年级:
辅导科目:
英语
授课日期
××年××月××日
时间
A/B/C/D/E/F段
主题
定语从句复习
教学内容
(本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标)
1.掌握定语从句的基本用法及常考考点;
2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用动名词。
教学建议:
1.此部分主要让学生了解定语从句的部分用法,尤其是定语从句在句子中所充当的成分。
2.建议老师让学生来猜测句子所表达的含义
3.通过比较几个句子定语从句及含义总结出定语从句在句子中所充当的成分。
1.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.
谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。
2.Allisnotgoldthatglitters.
闪闪发光者,未必皆黄金。
3.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.
自助者天助。
4.He,whoknow
snothingbutpretendstoknoweverything,isindeedagood-for-nothing.
不懂装懂,永世饭桶。
5.Opportunity&luckalwaysshowsappreciationforthosewhoareboldinstruggling.
机遇和幸运总是垂青勇于奋斗的人。
教学建议:
1.此部分内容较多,建议老师根据学生的程度选择使用;
2.对于程度中等及偏上的学生可采用以教带学的方式,每个学生负责一个知识点进行讲解,辅以对应的练习来检测学生掌握情况,对于学生错误较多之处老师进行重点讲解和拓展;
3.对于程度中等以下的学生,老师需要对没一个考点逐一进行讲解;
4.较简单的课堂练习可以采取边做边讲或者现场提问的形式以节约课堂时间。
定语从句
I.限制性定语从句
i.关系代词that,who
1.that,who用来指人,在从句中用作主语或宾语,可互换使用;that也可用来指物,但不能用
who指物。
2.关系代词who,that在从句中作宾语时,常可省略。
3.关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。
4.一般说来,人们倾向于用who指人,用that指物,尤其在口语中。
专项练习
1.Thesixblindmenaskedformoneyfrompeopleby.
A.passedB.whopassedC.whowerepassedD.whopassing
2.Mr.Brownistheverypersoncanhelpustosolvetheproblem.
A.whichB.whomC.thatD.ofwhom
3.MsChanceryistheteacher.
A.IlikeherbestB.IlikebestC.thatIlikeherbestD.whomlikebest
4.Theyearsandmonthswespenttogetherarereallywonderfultousall.
A.whenB.onwhichC.inwhichD.that
5.ThewomanwasJohn'swife.
A.IspoketoherB.whomIspoketoher
C.thatIspokeD.Ispoketo
Keys:
1-5BCBDD
ii.关系代词which,that
which,that都可以指物,在从句中用作主语或宾语时可以互换使用;指人可用that,但不能用
which。
专项练习
1.Isthisthebookyouwantedtoborrowlasttime?
Whichofthefollowingiswrong?
A.whichB.thatC.theoneD./
2.IsthisthecalculatoryouborrowedfromJane?
A.oneB.theonewhatC.theoneD.which
3.Canyoutellmethenameofthemuseumyouvisitedlastmonth?
A.whatB.whereC./D.when
4.Thetwothingstheyfeltveryproudweretheirhouseandthediamondring.
A.aboutwhichB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.forthat
5.Theyshowedusaroundthefactorywasequippedwithmodernmachines.
A.whereB.whatC.inwhichD.which
6.Haveyoueveraskedhimthereasonmayexplainhisabsence?
A.whyB.whenC.thatD.what
7.ThisistheTVstationwevisitedlastyear.
A.whereB.thatC.towhichD.inwhich
8.AreyoupleasedwithIhavesaid?
A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.allwhich
Keys:
1-5CDCBD6-8CBB[来源:
学科网]
iii.关系代词whom,whose
1.whom,whose指人,whom是who的宾格,whose是所有格,分别在从句中作宾语和定语。
2.whom在非正式文体中可省略,也可用that或who代替。
3.whose是who和which的所有格,可指人,也可指物或动物。
4.当whose用来指物时,whose=the+名词十ofwhich//ofwhich+the+名词
5.当whose用来指人时,whose=the+名词+ofwhom/ofwhom+the+名词
专项练习
1.InthepolicestationIsawthemanfromroomthethiefhadstolentheTVset.
A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whose
2.Chapinmoneyisnownoproblem,willstartanewfilmcompanywithhisfriends.
A.whoseB.whichC.forwhomD.who
3.ItwasameetingimportanceIdidn'trealizeatthattime.[来源:
学科网]
A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
4.Theclassroomfacesouthisours.
A.whosewindowB.whosewindowsC.whichwindowD.thatwindow
5.ThisbookisspeciallywrittenforthestudentsnativelanguageisnotEnglish.
A.who'sB.thatC.theirD.whose
Keys:
1-5DCDBD
iv.关系代词which,whom
1.which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语。
2.介词一般放在which,whom之前,也可以放在从句的原位。
若是从句中的谓语是含有介词的动词短语,则介词只能放在原来的位置上,介词不能提前,固定动词短语一般不拆分。
3.that在从句中可代替who,whom,which用来指人或物,但是,当介词前置时,指人只能用whom,不能用who/that,指物只能用which,不能用that。
而且,whom或which不能省略。
4.介词不能前置时,口语中或非正式文体中,在从句中作介词宾语的关系代词常常可省略。
专项练习
1.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeonetheycantalkfrequently.
A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom
2.MyglassesIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.
A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that
3.Aharvesterisamachineweharvestcropsorapersonisharvesting.
A.which...whoB.that...thatC.withwhich...whoD./...that
4.Thehousethereisabigtreewasbuiltmorethan1000yearsago.
A.whichB.thatC.inthefrontofwhichD.infrontofwhich
5.Theywillgiveyousomedesksandchairsyoucanfurnishtheroom.
A.whichB.towhichC.withthoseD.withwhich
Keys:
1-5DCCDD
v.that,which,who引导限制性定语从句时的用法区别
1.当先行词是指物的不定代词如all,much,little,everything,nothing,some,any,anything等时,只能用that引导从句,而且在从句中作宾语时常常可省略。
2.当先行词是序数词或受序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句。
3.当先行词是最高级或受最高级修饰时,只能用that引导从句。
4.当先行词受thevery,theonly,theright,justthe,exactlythe,no,none,every之类的词修饰时,只能
用that而不用which,who,whom引导从句。
5.当先行词是既指人又指物的并列名词短语时,只能用that,而不用which引导从句。
6.当关系代词在从句中作前置介词的宾语时,用指物的which或指人的whom,而不能用that或who。
7.当先行词是指人的不定代词如everyone,everybody,anyone,anybody,nobody等时,用who,而不用
that引导从句。
专项练习
1.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom
2.Isthereanything?
A.thatyoudon'tunderstandB.whichyoudon'tquitesure
C.aboutwhichyounotquitesureD.youarenotsure
3.Thesecondquestionwithpollutionisthemostdifficult.
A.whichhassomethingtodoB.hassomethingtodo
C.thathassomethingtodoD.thathasanythingtodo
4.Thisisthethirdweekthedustmenhaven'tcomefortherubbish.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.onwhich
5.Thisistheleastinterestingbookduringmyholidays.
A.whichIhaveeverreadB.whatIhaveeverread
C.IhaveeverreadD.thatIhaveeverreadit
6.Thelastquestionwasobviouslythemostdifficultformetoanswer.
A.whichheaskedB.thathewasaskedit
C.heaskedD.heaskedit
7.Alongthewallstandseveralbookshelvesareallkindsofbooks.
A.onthatB.onwhichC.whichD.atwhich[来源:
Zxxk.Com]
8.Iwillgiveyourdaughteratoyplaneshewillliketoplay.
A.whichB.thatC.forwhichD.withwhich
9.Inthebaghefoundapieceofpapersomespecialwords.
A.whichwaswrittenB.onthatwerewritten
C.onwhichwerewrittenD.onitwerewritten
10.Theinventionshespenttwoyearswilldogoodtotheworld.
A.whichB.thatC.onwhichD.when
11.Alltheapplesfelldownwereeatenbythepigs.
A.thoseB.thatC.whichD.what
12.Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn?
A.thatB./C.whichD.it
13.I'lltellyouhetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all
14.Didyouseetheman?
A.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnow
C.whomInoddedtohimD.whomInoddedtojustnow
15.—Howdoyoulikethebook?
—It'squitedifferentfromIreadlastmonth.
A.thatB.whichC.theonewhatD.theone
16.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasinglepersonshecouldturnforhelp.
A.towhomB.whoC.fromwhomD.that
17.Itisthethirdtimearrivedlatethismonth.
A.thatyouB.whenyouC.whenyou'veD.thatyou've
18.Theyarrivedatasmallhousetherewasanoldtree.
A.infrontofwhichB.inthefrontofwhich
C.inwhichD.beforethat
19.Canyoutellmethenameofthefactoryyoupaidavisitlastweak?
A.whatB.whichC.towhichD.tothat
20.Heshowedmethehousehewasborn.
A.whichB.inwhichC.inwhereD.inthat
Keys:
1-5BACAC6-10CBDCC11-15BADDD16-20ADACB
vi.关系代词but,what
1.but作为关系代词常与具有否定或疑问意义的主句连用,其引导的从句修饰的先行词多是否定意义的,but=who...not,which…not或that.not,意为‘‘无不,没有不,谁不”。
2.What引导定语从句时即可指人也可指物,指人时what=theperson(s)that,指物时what=thething/all/everythingthat.
3.what本身的作用已经包含有先行词和关系代词。
有一身兼两职的作用,分别在主句和从句中作相应的成分。
4.用what时,前无先行词;若有先行词,应视其情况选择使用that,which或who。
专项练习
1.Generallyspeaking,thereisnoonelovestheirparentsintheworld.[来源:
学_科_网]
A.thatB.butC.whoD.AorBorC
2.Allisneededisasupplyofoil.
A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which
3.isoverisover.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhatallD.Allwhat
4.wereoncetrutharetruenolonger.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.All
5.youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.
A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.This
6.Acomputercanonlydoyouhaveinstructedittodo.
A.howB.afterC.whatD.whom
7.Theywanttoknowdotohelpus.
A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey
8.ThisisthelongesttrainIhaveeverseen.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whom
9.Whostudiesherewantstogotocollege?
A.thatB.butC.whoD.whom
10.There'snoneofuswishestogotoQinghuaUniversity.
A.butB.thatC.whoD.which
Keys:
1-5BBAAB6-10CBBBA
vii.关
系代词as
1.as既可指人也可指物,多与such,thesame连用,构成such…as,thesame…as的结构。
2.such…as意为“诸如……之类的”,as在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
3.such…that意为“如此……以至于”,引导的是结果状语从句,that在从句中不作句子成分。
4.thesame…as意为“与……相同的”,as在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
5.thesame…as/that结构意为“与……同一个”,as/that在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
专项练习
1.Ihaveboughtthesamedresssheiswearing.
A.asB.thatC.whichD.what
2.I'dliketobuythesamebookwasreadbyTomyesterday.
A.whichB.asC.thatD.BorC
3.Thatisthesamemanaskedmeformoneyyesterday.
A.asB.whichC.thatD.AorC
4.SheisthesamegirlIsatnexttoinclasslastweek.
A.asB.whoC.thatD.AorC
5.Keepawayfromsuchthingswilldoyouharm.
A.asB.thatC.towhichD.which
6.Itwasn'tsuchagooddinnershehadpromisedus.
A.thatB.asC.whichD.what
7.Hespokeforsuchalongtimepeoplebegantofallasleep.
A.thatB.asC.whichD.what
8.Heisnotsuchafoolhelooks.
A.thatB.asC.whoD.whom
9.Itissuchadifficultproblemnobodycanworkout.
A.thatB.asC.sothatD.which
10.Arethesethesamepeoplewesawlastweek?
A.asB.whomC.whoD.what
Keys:
1-5ADDDA6-10BABBA
viii.关系代词在从句中作主语时的主谓一致
1.从句谓语动词要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。
2.“oneof+the+复数名词”作先行词时,若one前面有限定词,从句谓语与one保持一致;否则,从句谓语用复数。
3.what在从句中作主语,从句谓语一般用单数,或与主句表语保持一致。
4.集体名词作先行词根据意义一致原则,强调整体时从句谓语用单数,强调个体成员时,从句谓语用复数形式。
专项练习
1.W
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