高三英语总复习重点突破专题阅读理解及解析.docx
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高三英语总复习重点突破专题阅读理解及解析.docx
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高三英语总复习重点突破专题阅读理解及解析
高三英语总复习重点突破专题 阅读理解
[题组一]
A
(2015·安徽江南十校联考)OnedaytheemployeesofalargecompanyinStLouis,Missourireturnedfromtheirlunchbreakandweregreetedwithasignonthefrontdoor.Thesignsaid:
“Yesterdaythepersonwhohasbeenhindering(阻碍)yourgrowthinthiscompanypassedaway.Weinviteyoutojointhefuneral(葬礼)intheroomthathasbeenpreparedinthegym.”
Atfirsteveryonewassadtohearthatoneoftheircolleagueshaddied,butafterawhiletheystartedgettingcuriousaboutwhothispersonmightbe.
Theexcitementgrewastheemployeesarrivedatthegymtopaytheirlastrespects.Everyonewondered:
“Whoisthispersonthatwashinderingmyprogress?
Well,atleasthe'snolongerhere.”
Onebyonetheemployeesgotclosertothecoffin(棺材)andwhentheylookedinsideittheybecamespeechless.Theystoodoverthecoffin,shockedandinsilence,asifsomeonehadtouchedthedeepestpartoftheirsoul.
Therewasamirrorinsidethecoffin.Everyonewholookedinsideitcouldseehimself.Therewasalsoasignnexttothemirrorthatsaid:
“Thereisonlyonepersonwhocansetlimitstoyourgrowth:
itisYOU.”
Youaretheonlypersonwhocanrevolutionize(彻底改变)yourlife.Youaretheonlypersonwhocaninfluenceyourhappiness,yourrealizationandyoursuccess.Youaretheonlypersonwhocanhelpyourself.
Yourlifedoesnotchangewhenyourfamilychanges,whenyourfriendschange,whenyourbosschanges,andwhenyourcompanychanges.
YourlifechangeswhenYOUchange,whenyougobeyondyourlimitingbeliefs,whenyourealizethatyouaretheonlyoneresponsibleforyourlife.
语篇解读:
是谁阻碍了你的发展?
是谁挡住了你前进的脚步?
是别人吗?
本文告诉我们,真正阻碍你发展的恰恰是你自己。
1.Thewriter'spurposeinwritingthearticleistotellusthat________.
A.theharderwework,themoresuccessfulwewillbecome
B.ourworkandlifearecloselyconnectedwithothers
C.changingourlivesisdowntoourselves
D.wewillhaveabetterfutureifpeopledonothinderourdevelopment
解析:
写作意图题。
从最后三段的排比句可知,命运掌握在自己手中,你只有改变自己才能改变命运,所以这里答案选C项。
答案:
C
2.Peoplewerespeechlesswhentheylookedinsidethecoffinbecause________.
A.therewasnothingbutamirrorinside
B.theycouldseetheirownsoulsinside
C.theirclosestcolleaguelayinside
D.whatwasinsidetoldagreattruth
解析:
事实细节题。
从第四段和第五段内容可知,人们看到了棺材中的镜子,还有旁边的一个标注:
只有你自己限制了自己的成长。
这真实地反映了人们的情况,所以答案选D项。
答案:
D
3.Whoprobablywrotethesignonthefrontdoor?
A.Thecompanyboss.
B.Aworkerwholikedtomakefunofothers.
C.Thedirectorinchargeofproduction.
D.Aworkerwhowantedtoteachothersalesson.
解析:
逻辑推理题。
从文章内容可推出,这次活动很可能是公司老板有意为员工设计的,主要目的在于告诉员工,真正阻碍自己成长和发展的不是别人,而是自己。
所以前门上的字很可能是老板写的,而不是其他人。
所以答案选A项。
答案:
A
4.Whatcanweconcludefromthearticle?
A.Theemployeeswenttothegymtojointhefuneral.
B.Thelessontheemployeeslearnedwouldinfluencethemgreatly.
C.Theemployees'livesdependedontheattitudeoftheirboss.
D.Theemployeesgotangryafterthefuneral.
解析:
逻辑推理题。
文章告诉我们一个道理:
真正阻碍你发展的恰恰是你自己。
这一课将会让员工铭记在心,大大地影响他们。
所以这里答案选B项。
答案:
B
①OnedaytheemployeesofalargecompanyinStLouis,Missourireturnedfromtheirlunchbreakandweregreetedwithasignonthefrontdoor.
一天,密苏里州,圣路易斯市一家大公司的员工们午饭休息后回公司时,在前门上看到这样一个标牌。
②YourlifechangeswhenYOUchange,whenyougobeyondyourlimitingbeliefs,whenyourealizethatyouaretheonlyoneresponsibleforyourlife.当“你”改变时,当你超越了狭隘的信念时,当你意识到你就是那个应为你的人生负责任的人时,你的人生就改变了。
本句为when引导的时间状语从句,译时可先译从句部分,以排比句式,增强气势。
B
(2015·陕西宝鸡质量检测三)Onceuponatime,twobrotherswholivedonneighboringfarmsfellintoconflict(冲突).Itwasthefirstseriousonebetweenthemin40yearsoffarmingpeacefullysidebyside.Intheend,theyfellapart.
Onemorning,amanwithacarpenter'stoolboxcameforsomework.Theelderbrothersaid,“Ijusthaveajobforyou.Lookatthefarmacrossthecreek(河沟).Myyoungerbrotherlivesthere.Itwashewhousedhisbulldozer(推土机)todigthecreeklastweektospite(刁难)me.SoIwantyoutobuildmeafence,an8foothighfence,inordernottoseehisplaceanymore.”Thecarpentersmiledandsaid,“Isee.I'lltrytodoajobthatsatisfiesyou.”Thentheelderbrotherwentdowntown.
Atsunsetwhenthefarmerreturned,thecarpenterhadjustfinishedhisjob.Thefarmer'seyesopenedwide!
Tohissurprise,therewasnofencethereatall!
Instead,therewasabridgestretchingfromonesideofthecreektotheother!
Afinepieceofwork!
Hesawhisyoungerbrothercomingtohimwiththehandsoutstretching.Thebrothersstoodateachendofthebridge,andthentheymetinthemiddle,takingeachother'shands.Theyturnedtoseethecarpenterlifthistoolboxonhisshoulder.“No,wait!
Stayafewdays.I'vealotofotherworkforyou,”saidtheelderbrother.“I'dlovetostayon,”thecarpentersaid,“butIhavesomanymorebridgestobuild.”
语篇解读:
这是一篇寓意很深的记叙文:
一个聪明又乐于助人的木匠使产生冲突的兄弟俩和好如初,化干戈为玉帛。
5.Whatwasthelifelikeforthetwobrothersbeforetheconflict?
A.Theylivedapoorlife.
B.Theylivedinpeace.
C.Theyneverspoketoeachother.
D.Theylivedonthesamefarm.
解析:
细节理解题。
从文章第一段“Itwasthefirstseriousonebetweenthemin40yearsoffarmingpeacefullysidebyside.”可以看出,发生冲突之前他们是和平相处的。
答案:
B
6.Itcanbelearnedthatthecarpenterwas________.
A.unwillingtoobeythefarmer
B.fondofbuildingbridges
C.unabletobuildafence
D.willingtohelpothers
解析:
推理判断题。
从文章对木匠的描述和他干活的情况看,他是一个聪明、乐于助人、技术熟练的木匠。
答案:
D
7.Thebesttitleforthispassageis________.
A.AFinePieceofWork
B.ACarpenter
C.AConflictbetweenTwoBrothers
D.TwoBrothers
解析:
主旨概括题。
文章主要讲述一位木匠在两个农场之间架了一座桥,这座桥化解了兄弟之间的冲突的故事。
因此,无论从具体的桥还是从寓意上的桥来讲它都是一件“杰作”。
故A项作为标题最合适。
答案:
A
8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Theelderbrotherusedhisbulldozertodigacreek.
B.Theelderbrotherhelpedthecarpenterbuildthebridge.
C.Thebrotherswerebothsatisfiedwiththecarpenter'swork.
D.Thecarpenterplannedtobuildan8foothighfenceasaskedto.
解析:
细节理解题。
由最后一段中兄弟俩的表现尤其是“Afinepieceofwork!
”可知兄弟俩对工匠做的活很满意,故选C。
其他选项与原文内容不符。
答案:
C
①Itwashewhousedhisbulldozertodigthecreeklastweektospiteme.
就是他上周用推土机挖了道深深的水沟来刁难我。
本句为强调句,Itwashewho...强调主语为人,所以用who。
②Thebrothersstoodateachendofthebridge,andthentheymetinthemiddle,takingeachother'shands.兄弟俩站在桥两头,然后他们走到桥中间,向彼此伸出了双手。
takingeachother'shands为现在分词作伴随状语。
C
(2015·福建毕业检测)ForthepeoplelivingintheNileBasin,theriveristheirlife.This6,825kmwaterway,whosewatershed(流域)coversthreemillionsquarekilometers,flowsthrough
mountains,woodlands,lakesanddeserts.Itspotentialforfishing,tourismandshippingisgreat—butsoareitschallenges.
Watershortage,alreadyseriousinEgyptandSudan,willsooninfluenceseveralothercountriesinthewatershedaswell.Today,about160millionpeopledependontheNileRiverfortheirliving.Withinthenext25years,thedistrict'spopulationisexpectedtodouble,addingtothedemandbroughtaboutbygrowthinindustryandagriculture.Thefrequentdrought(干旱)addstotheurgency.
Waterqualityisalsoaproblem.Precioussoiliswashedouttosea.Wastesfromindustryandagriculturecreatepollution.Higherconcentrationsofsaltinfluenceirrigatedsoils.Waterbornediseasescontinueunchecked.Inareaswhereit'shotanddamp,waterhyacinthschokeofflakes,damsandothersectionsoftheriver,makingitdifficultforfishingandotherbusinessestomoveforward.
Nativepeoplealongthenarrowareaoffarmlandhavewatchedthesandmovecloserdaybyday.They'veseentheriverchangecourse,andtheironlysource(来源)ofwaterthickenedwithmud.They'reverypoorandhavefewchoices.
Butanewprogram,theNileBasinInitiative(NBI),isofferingverypracticalassistance.Theprogramismorethanjustawatermanagementproject.It'saplanforthesocialandeconomicdevelopmentofavastdistrict:
itconcentratesontheneedsofthepoorestofthepoorandtheenvironmentthatsupportsthem.
Thesearewholeecosystemproblems,callingforunitedsolutions(解决办法).HalftheNileBasin'scountriesareamongtheworld'spoorestnations;yet,somehow,theymustfindtheresources,skillsandpoliticalwilltoovercomethesechallenges.
语篇解读:
尼罗河现在面临着水源短缺、水质恶化这两大问题,尼罗河的生态系统遭到了破坏,亟待解决。
9.WhatarethegreatchallengestheNileBasinfaces?
A.Thedevelopmentofshippingindustry.
B.Overfishingofnativepeople.
C.Watershortageandwaterquality.
D.Increasingpopulationandtourism.
解析:
事实细节题。
从第二段和第三段可知,watershortage和waterquality是尼罗河正面临的两大问题与挑战,故C项正确。
答案:
C
10.Theunderlinedword“hyacinths”(inParagraph3)refersto“________”.
A.animals B.plants
C.rocksD.salts
解析:
词义理解题。
第三段主要讲尼罗河的水质恶化,结合划线部分可知,waterhyacinths表示“水生植物”,它们堵塞了湖泊和大坝以及部分河段,所以答案选B项。
答案:
B
11.TheprogramNBIismainlyaimedat________.
A.preventingwaterpollution
B.changingtherivercourse
C.improvinglivingconditionsofthepoor
D.preventinglandfrombecomingdesert
解析:
事实细节题。
从倒数第二段最后一句可知,NBI的目的在于尼罗河地区的社会与经济的发展,提高和改善当地穷苦百姓的生活,据此C项正确。
答案:
C
12.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?
A.People'sLifeinEgyptandSudan
B.FrequentDroughtinEgyptandSudan
C.ThePoorestCountriesintheNileBasin
D.TheEcosystemProblemsintheNileBasin
解析:
主旨大意题。
通读文章可知,本文讲述了尼罗河的生态系统正面临着众多的问题这一事实,所以D项为最佳选项。
答案:
D
①This6,825kmwaterway,whosewatershedcoversthreemillionsquarekilometers,flowsthroughmountains,woodlands,lakesanddeserts.
这条长达6825千米的水路,流域达三百万平方公里,流经山脉,森林,湖泊和沙漠。
本句为whose引导的非限制性定语从句。
②Withinthenext25years,thedistrict'spopulationisexpectedtodouble,addingtothedemandbroughtaboutbygrowthinindustryandagriculture.
在未来25年内,预计该地区的人口将翻一番,增加了工农业增长所带来的需求。
addingtothedemand...作状语,...broughtaboutbygrowth...过去分词短语作后置定语。
[题组二]
A
(2015·成都第三次诊断)MichelleObamahasjuststartedacampaignagainstchildhoodobesity(肥胖)withtheadmissionthatsheputhergirlsMaliaandSashaonadietbe
causetheyweregettingfat.Clearly,childhoodobesity
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