英语高级听力5文本.docx
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英语高级听力5文本.docx
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英语高级听力5文本
英语高级听力5_文本
Unit1NewconceptsofHealth
PartIIPreventativemedicine预防医学
AOutline
I.Factorsaffectingourhealth
A.self-destructivethings
1.drinkingtoomuchalcohol
2.smokingheavily
3.havingdietsheavyinsaturatedfats
4.notenoughexercise
B.environmentalfactors
1.airpollution
2.waterpollution
3.toomuchsunlight
II.Waystoimproveourfitness
A.healthylifestylechoices:
makingitfuntokeepfit
B.reducingsportsinjuries
1.twokindsofsportsinjuries
a.accidentalinjuries
b.repetitivestraininjuries
2.waystoreducethem
a.warmingupadequately
b.borrowingtrainingtechniquesfromothersports
B
1.Whichgroupinthesurveyisathigherriskofearlydeath?
Youngmen.especiallyworkingclassyoungmen.
2.AccordingtotheSurgeon-GeneraloftheUS,howmuchofourillnesscouldbeavoided?
53%.
3.What'sthepurposeofdoingstretchingexercise?
Toincreasetheflexibility.
4.lsittreethatwarm-upexercisesareonlyneededoncooldays?
onhotdays.No.theyareneededbothoncooldaysand
5.Whatcrosstrainingtechniquesdodifferentsportsmenuse?
Completethefollowingchart.
SportsmenCrosstrainingtechniquesPurpose
BoxersDoingroadworkandweighttrainingBuildingupstamina
TabletennisplayersRunningandjoggingImprovingperformance
footballersDoingflexibilityexercisesHelpingcontroltheballbetter
Tapescript:
Goodmorning.I'mDr.PatParker,andI'mheretotalktoyouaboutpreventativemedicinein
itswidestandmostpersonalaspects.Inotherwords,I'mheretotellyouhowthepatientshould
wrestcontroloftheirhealthawayfromthepractitionersofmedicineandtakechargeoftheir
ownmedicaldestiny.Iwanttotalkaboutstayingoutofthehandsofthedoctor.
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Whenthepatienttakesresponsibilityforherorhisownhealth--andlet'sdecidethepatientismalefornow--menareinfactmoreatriskthanwomenanyway--whenthepatienttakesoverhis
ownhealthregime,hemustdecidewhathewantstodo.Ourdepartmenthasrecentlycompletedasurveyofmen'shealth.Welookedatmenindifferentagegroupsandoccupations,andwecameupwithadisturbinginsight.Youngmen,particularlyworkingclassmen,areatconsiderableriskofprematuredeathbecauseoftheirlifestyle.Asagroup,theyhavehighriskfactors:
theydrinktoomuchalcohol,theysmokemoreheavilythananyothergroup,theirdietisfrequentlyheavyinsaturatedfats,andtheydon'tgetenoughexercise.
Wethendidasmallersurveyinwhichwelookedatenvironmentalfactorswhichaffecthealth.Ihadprivatelyexpectedtofindairorwaterpollutiontobethebiggesthazards,andtheymustnot
beignored.However,theeffectsofthesunemergedasathreatwhichpeoplesimplydonottakesufficientlyseriously.Pleaserememberthattoomuchsunlightcancausepermanentdamage.
Giventhisinformation,andtheself-destructivethingswhichpeople,particularlyyoungmen
aredoingtothemselves,onecouldbeexcusedforfeelingverydepressed.However,I'manoptimist,
lseethingsimproving,butonlyifweworkveryhard.InthesecondpartofthetalkIwanttoconsiderdifferentthingsthatyouasstudentscandotoimproveyourfitness.
Inthelate80'stheSurgeon-GeneraloftheUnitedStatessaidthat53percentofourillnessescouldbeavoidedbyhealthylifestylechoices.Inowwanttodiscussthesechoiceswithyou.
Youshouldtrytomakekeepingfitfun!
It'sveryhardtogooutanddoexercisesbyyourself,soit'swisetofindasportthatyoulikeandplayitwithotherpeople,lfyouswim,youcanconsiderscubadivingorsnorkeling.Ifyoujog,trytofindafriendtogowith.Ifyouwalk,chooseprettyplacestowalkorhaveareasonforwalking.Yourexerciseregimeshouldbeapleasure,notapenance.
Theuniversityisanexcellentplacetofindotherpeoplewhosharesportinginterestswithyou,andtherearemanysportsteamsyoucanjoin.This,unfortunately,raisestheissueofsportsinjuries,
anddifferentsportshavecharacteristicinjuries.Aswellasaccidentalinjuries,wefindrepetitive
straininjuriesoccurringinsportswherethesamemotionisfrequentlyperformed,likerowingand
squash.Theparallelinworkinglifeisrepetitivestraininjurywhichmaybesufferedbytypistsorotherpeoplewhoperformthesameactionhourafterhour,dayafterday.
Inthiscontext,therefore,themostimportantthingtorememberbeforeanysportistowarmupadequately.Dostretchingexercises,andaimatalltimestoincreaseyourflexibility.Begentlewith
yourself,andallowtimetoprepareforthegameyouhavechosentoplay.Don'tbefooledbytheterm"warmup",bytheway.It'severybitasimportanttodoyourwarm-upexercisesonahotdayasonacoolone.
Ithinkoneofthemostsensibleandexcitingdevelopmentsinthereductionofinjuryisthe
recognitionthatallsportscanborrowfromeachother.Manysportsprogramsarenowencouragingplayerstousecrosstrainingtechniques,thatis,toborrowtrainingtechniquesfromothersports.
Boxershavebeenusingcrosstrainingforyears:
buildingupstaminabydoingroadworkand
weighttraining,whilehoningtheirskillsandreflexes.Othersportswhichrequireahighlevelofeye-handcoordinationarefollowingthistrend,soyouseetabletennisplayersrunningandjoggingtoimprovetheirperformance,andfootballersdoingflexibilityexerciseswhichcanhelpthemcontroltheballbetter.Alloftheseresultsaregood,butthegeneralsenseofwell-beingisbest,andisaccessibletousall,fromtrainedathletestopeoplewhowillneverruna100metersinlessthan15seconds,Goodhealthisnotonlyforthosewhowillachieveathleticgreatness!
(764)
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PartIIISubhealth
APeoplemostlikelytobesubhealthy
1.middleagedpeople
2.elderlypeople
3.peopleinmanagementposition
4.studentsatexamtime
Subhealthsymptoms
1.lackofenergy
2.depression
3.slowreactions
4.insomnia
5.agitation
6.poormemory
7.shortnessofbreath
8.sweating
9.achinginwaistandlegs
10.cardiovasculardiseases
Thekeytopreventingandrecoveringfromsubhealth
1.forminggoodlivinghabits
2.alternatingworkwithrest
3.exercisingregularly
4.takingpartinopenairactivities
5.havingabalanceddiet
B
1.Synonymsofsubhealth:
a.thirdstateb.graystate
2.Definitionofsubhealth:
aborderlinestatebetweenhealthanddisease
3.Clinicalnamesofsubhealth:
fatiguesyndrome,endocrinopathy,neurasthenia,climacteric
syndrome
4.Foodrichinnutritionalelements:
freshvegetables,fruits,fishandaquaticproducts
Feelingstressedoutlately?
Hasthedoctorsaidhecannotfindanythingwrongwithyou?
Perhapshesentyoutoahospital,butallthefancyequipmentthereshowthatthereisnothingwrong.Thenconsiderthis,youmightbeinastateofsubhealth.Subhealth,alsocalledthethirdstate
orgraystate,isdefinedasaborderlinestatebetweenhealthanddisease.AccordingtoaninvestigationbytheNationalHealthOrganization,over45percentofsubhealthypeoplearemiddle
agedorelderly.Thepercentageisevenhigheramongpeoplewhoworkinmanagementpositionsaswellasstudentsaroundexam-time,duetotheirheightenedexposuretostress.Subhealthcomes
underseveralclinicalnames,includingfatiguesyndrome,endocrinopathy,neurasthenia,and
climactericsyndrome.Symptomsincludealackofenergy,depression,slowreactions,insomnia,
agitation,andpoormemory.Othersymptomsincludeshortnessofbreath,sweatingandachinginthewaistandlegs.Inaddition,cardiovasculardiseasessuchaspalpitationsandarrhythmiamay
appear.Thekeytopreventingandrecoveringfromsubhealth,accordingtosomemedicalexpertsis
toformgoodlivinghabits,alternateworkwithrest,exerciseregularly,andtakepartinopenair
activities.Asformeals,peopleareadvisedtoeatlesssaltandsugar.Theyshouldalsoeatmore
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freshvegetables,fruits,fishandaquaticproductsbecausetheyarerichinnutritional
elements--vitaminsandtraceelements--thatareindispensabletothebody.Nutritionexpertspoint
outthatitisnotgoodtoeattoomuchatonemealbecauseitmaycauseunhealthychangesinthe
digestivetract.Theyalsosaythatabalanceddietisveryhelpfulinavoidingsubhealth.
PartIV
Summary
Inmorethan850UShospitals,thereisasystemusinginfraredsignalstotrack/locateanursewhenhis/herserviceisneeded.However,peoplehaveverydifferentopinionsabouttheuseofsuchasystem.Somepeoplethink,withthisnewtechnology,nursescanutilizetheirtimeinabetterway,betterpatientcarecanbeprovidedandnurses'overallperformancecanbemeasured,whilesomepeoplethinkthedeviceswillbeusedtolisteninonconversationsandscrutinizetheirmovements.SomenursesevenstagedaprotestagainstthesystemwhichseemstohaveatasteofBigBrotherism.
Tapescript
R:
WhenapatientcallsforhelpatSetonMedicalCenter,"Hi,Mr.Rogers,canIhelpyou?
"(saysa
nurse),it'sneveraproblemfindinganurse."Doyouwanthimtocomein?
OK,OKthanks."
[It's]becausetheyallwearlocatorbadges,partofawirelesssystemwhichtrackstheir
movementsonthefloor.
H:
Youcaneventellwhentheyarewalkingdownthehallway?
S:
Yes,youcan.Yeah,youcan.NancyMartinis?
R:
ThissystemmadebyHill-Romusesinfraredsignalstodetectwhennursesenteraroomto
answeracall.Staffcantallandlistenthroughawallunittonursesoreventopatientsinother
rooms.
S:
Thetimewewerespendinghuntingstaffdowntryingtofindthemandlocatethemwecanput
thattomuch
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