瑞普凡温克尔RipVanWinkle中英文对照与summary.docx
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瑞普凡温克尔RipVanWinkle中英文对照与summary.docx
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瑞普凡温克尔RipVanWinkle中英文对照与summary
作者简介:
ﻫ华盛顿·欧文(Washington Irving)(1789-1895), 美国浪漫主义作家,也是一个纯文学作家,他的写作态度是"writing for pleasure and to produce pleasure"。
欧文的代表作有《见闻札记》(Sketch Book),这是第一部伟大的青少年读物,也是美国本土作家第一部成功的小说。
由于欧文对美国文学的伟大贡献,他获得了“美国文学之父”的光荣称号。
这篇短篇小说,《瑞普·凡·温克尔》便是摘自《见闻札记》。
RipVanWinkleﻫA Posthumous WritingofDiedrichKnickerbocker
ByWashingtonIrving
(THEFOLLOWINGtalewas foundamongthepapersofthelate DiedrichKnickerbocker,anoldgentleman ofNewYork,whowasverycuriousintheDutchhistoryoftheprovince,andthe mannersof the descendants fromitsprimitivesettlers. Hishistorical researches,however,did not liesomuch amongbooksasamongmen;forthe formerarelamentablyscantyonhis favoritetopics;whereashefound the old burghers,andstillmoretheirwives, rich inthat legendarylore soinvaluabletotruehistory.Whenever,therefore, he happeneduponagenuineDutchfamily,snuglyshut up initslow-roofedfarmhouse,underaspreadingsycamore,helooked uponit asalittleclaspedvolumeof black-letter,andstudiedit withthe zealofabookworm.
Theresult ofall theseresearches wasahistoryoftheprovince during thereignofthe Dutch governors,whichhepublishedsomeyearssince.Therehave beenvariousopinions astotheliterarycharacter ofhis work,and, to tell thetruth,itisnotawhitbetterthanitshouldbe.Itschiefmeritis its scrupulous accuracy,whichindeedwasa littlequestionedonitsfirstappearance, but hassince been completelyestablished; anditishowadmittedintoall historicalcollectionsasa bookofunquestionableauthority.
Theoldgentleman diedshortlyafterthepublicationofhiswork,andnowthatheisdead andgoneitcannotdomuchharmto his memorytosaythathistimemighthavebeenmuchbetter employedin weightierlabors.He, however, wasapt toridehishobbyin hisownway;andthoughit didnowandthenkickupthe dustalittle inthe eyes of hisneighborsandgrieve thespirit of somefriends, forwhom he feltthetruestdeferenceandaffection, yet hiserrorsandfolliesareremembered“more insorrowthan inanger”;and itbeginstobesuspectedthatheneverintended to injure oroffend. Buthowever hismemorymay beappreciatedby critics,itisstillhelddearamongmanyfolkwhose goodopinion iswell worthhaving; particularlybycertainbiscuit bakers,whohave gone sofar as toimprinthislikeness ontheir NewYearcakes,andhavethusgiven hima chancefor immortalityalmostequaltothebeing stampedon a Waterloomedal ora QueenAnne’s farthing.)
ByWoden, Godof Saxons,
FromwhencecomesWensday,thatisWodensday,
TruthisathingthateverIwillkeep
Untothylkeday in whichI creepinto
Mysepulchre—
CARTWRIGHT.
Whoever hasmadea voyageup the Hudsonmustremember theCatskillMountains.They are adismemberedbranch of thegreatAppalachian family,andareseenawaytothewest of theriver,swelling uptoanobleheight, and lordingitoverthesurrounding country.Everychangeofseason,everychangeof weather,indeed,every hourof the day, producessomechangeinthemagicalhues andshapesof thesemountains, and theyareregardedby all thegoodwives, farandnear,asperfectbarometers.Whentheweatherisfairand settled,they areclothedinblueandpurple,and printtheirboldoutlinesontheclearevening sky;butsometimes, whenthe rest ofthelandscapeis cloudless,they will gatherahoodofgray vapors abouttheirsummits,which,inthe lastrays ofthesettingsun,willglowandlightup likeacrownofglory.
Atthe foot of thesefairy mountainsthe voyagermayhavedescriedthelightsmokecurlingupfrom a villagewhoseshingle roofsgleam amongthe trees,justwheretheblue tintsoftheuplandmeltawayintothefreshgreenofthe nearerlandscape.Itis a littlevillageofgreatantiquity, havingbeenfoundedbysome of theDutchcolonists,intheearlytimesoftheprovince,justaboutthebeginningofthegovernmentofthegood PeterStuyvesant (mayherestinpeace!
),andthereweresomeofthehousesoftheoriginalsettlers standingwithinafew years,with latticewindows,gable frontssurmountedwithweathercocks,andbuiltofsmallyellowbricks broughtfromHolland.
Inthatsamevillage,andinoneoftheseveryhouses (which,to tellthe precisetruth,was sadlytime-wornandweather-beaten), therelivedmanyyearssince,whilethe country wasyetaprovince of GreatBritain, asimple,good-naturedfellow, of thename ofRipVan Winkle.Hewasa descendant oftheVan Winkleswhofiguredsogallantlyinthe chivalrousdays ofPeterStuyvesant,andaccompaniedhimtothesiegeofFortChristina.Heinherited,however,butlittleofthemartialcharacterofhisancestors.Ihaveobserved thathewasasimple,good-naturedman;hewas, moreover,a kindneighborandanobedient,henpeckedhusband. Indeed, to thelattercircumstance mightbeowingthatmeeknessofspiritwhichgainedhimsuch universalpopularity;forthosemenaremostapttobeobsequiousandconciliatingabroadwhoareunderthedisciplineof shrewsat home.Theirtempers,doubtless,arerenderedpliantand malleable in thefieryfurnaceofdomestictribulation, andacurtainlecture isworthallthesermonsintheworldforteaching thevirtues of patienceandlong-suffering. Atermagantwife may,therefore,insome respects,beconsidereda tolerable blessing;andif so, RipVanWinklewasthriceblessed.
Certainitisthathe wasa greatfavoriteamongallthegood wivesofthevillage, who,as usualwiththe amiable sex,tookhis part inallfamilysquabbles,andneverfailed,whenever theytalked thosemattersoverin theireveninggossipings,tolayall theblameonDameVan Winkle.The childrenofthevillage,too,wouldshoutwith joywheneverhe approached.Heassistedat theirsports,madetheirplaythings,taughtthemtoflykitesandshootmarbles,andtoldthem long storiesofghosts,witches, andIndians. Wheneverhewentdodgingabout thevillage, hewassurroundedby atroop ofthem,hanging onhis skirts,clamberingonhis back,and playing athousandtricks onhimwith impunity;and not adog would bark at himthroughouttheneighborhood.
ThegreaterrorinRip’s compositionwasan insuperableaversiontoall kindsof profitablelabor. Itcould notbefromthe want ofassiduityorperseverance; forhewouldsitonawet rock,witharodaslong and heavyasaTartar’s lance,and fishalldaywithoutamurmur,eventhoughhe should notbeencouragedbyasingle nibble.He would carry afowlingpiece onhisshoulder,forhourstogether,trudging throughwoodsandswamps,and up hillanddowndale,toshootafewsquirrels orwildpigeons.He wouldnever evenrefuse toassistaneighborintheroughesttoil, andwas aforemostmanatall countryfrolics forhuskingIndiancorn,orbuildingstone fences.Thewomenofthe village,too,usedtoemployhim to runtheir errands, and todosuchlittle odd jobs astheirlessobliginghusbandswouldnotdo for them;in aword,Ripwasreadyto attendtoanybody’s business but hisown;butastodoingfamily duty,andkeepinghis farmin order,itwasimpossible.
Infact,hedeclareditwas ofno useto workonhis farm;itwasthe mostpestilentlittlepieceofground inthewholecountry; everythingaboutitwentwrong, andwouldgowrong,inspite ofhim.Hisfenceswere continuallyfallingtopieces;his cowwould eithergoastray orgetamongthecabbages;weedswere suretogrow quickerinhisfieldsthananywhereelse;the rainalwaysmade apointof settinginjustashehad someoutdoor work to do; so that thoughhispatrimonial estate had dwindledawayunderhismanagement,acrebyacre, untiltherewaslittlemoreleft thana merepatchofIndian cornandpotatoes,yetitwastheworst-conditionedfarmintheneighborhood.
Hischildren, too,wereasraggedand wildasif theybelongedtonobody.Hisson Rip,an urchinbegotteninhisownlikeness, promisedtoinheritthe habits,withthe oldclothesof his father. He was generallyseentroopinglikeacolt athismother’s heels,equippedinapair of hisfather’s cast-offgalligaskins, whichhehadmuch ado to hold upwith onehand, asafineladydoeshertrainin bad weather.
RipVanWinkle,however,wasone ofthose happymortals,offoolish,well-oileddispositions,whotaketheworldeasy,eat whitebreador brown,whichevercanbe gotwithleastthought ortrouble,and wouldratherstarveona penny than workforapound.If lefttohimself, hewouldhave whistledlifeaway,in perfectcontentment;but hiswifekeptcontinuallydinninginhis earsabouthisidleness,hiscarelessness, andthe ruin hewas bringingon hisfamily. Morning, noon, andnight,her tonguewasincessantlygoing, andeverythinghesaid ordidwassure to produce atorrentofhouseholdeloquence.Riphadbut oneway ofreplyingtoalllecturesofthekind,and that,byfrequentuse,hadgrownintoa habit.Heshruggedhis shoulders,shookhishead,castuphis eyes, butsaidnothing.This,however,alwaysprovokedafresh volleyfrom hiswife,sothathe was fainto draw offhis forces,and taketotheoutsideofthehouse—theonlyside which,intruth,belongs toahenpeckedhusband.
Rip’ssole domestic adherentwashisdogWolf,whowasasmuchhenpecked ashis master;forDameVan Winkle regarded themascompanionsin idleness,and evenlookedupon Wolfwith an evileye,asthecauseof hismaster’ssooftengoingastray. True it is,inallpointsof spiritbefitting anhonorable dog,hewasascourageousananimal as everscoured the woods—but whatcouragecanwithstandthe ever-duringandall-besettingterrorsofawoman’stongue?
ThemomentWolfenteredthe househis crestfell,histaildroopedto theground,orcurledbetweenhis legs;hesneaked aboutwithag
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