薪酬工资近半数女性觉得月薪过8千才幸福Word文档下载推荐.docx
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薪酬工资近半数女性觉得月薪过8千才幸福Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Abstract
Theapplicationoftheindustrialecologytoindustrialareasimpliesre-definingthedesignanddevelopmentprocessoftheseareastominimizetheenvironmentalimpactsalongitslifecycle.Thedevelopmentofindustrialareasincludeseveralphases,oneofthemisthelocationdecisionthatisoneofthemostimportant,sinceitwilldeterminetheparkoperation.Foralongtime,thelocationtheorieshaveonlyconsideredtheproximitytorawmaterials,existenceofbasicinfrastructuresandqualifiedmanpower.Nevertheless,thenewmodelofsustainabledevelopmentdemandstorealizeaplanningthatdefinesandintegratesthedifferentsubsystemsandinfluentialaspects.Theaimofthisworkistocreateaconceptualdescriptivemodeltolocatesustainableindustrialareas.Thismodelisbasedonlong-establishedfactorsandnewstrategiesandexperiencesofsustainability.Thesecondstepistheestablishmentofadiffuseevaluationsystemthatdeterminesthefulfilmentofdefinedsustainablecriteria.Thismodelmakestheplanningprocessforthedecision-makerseasierthroughasystemthatconsidersmultiplecriteriathatconvergeinordertogetthebalanceofindustrialactivitieswiththeenvironment.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.TheAnalyticHierarchyProcess(AHP)
3.Locationmodel
3.1.Hierarchicalstructuring
3.1.1.Phase1:
geographicareaselection
3.1.2.Phase2:
evaluationandselectionofsuitableareas
3.1.3.Phase3:
evaluationofspecificzones
3.2.Evaluationfunctionsandweighting
3.2.1.Phase1:
3.2.2.Phase2:
3.2.3.Phase3:
4.Conclusions
References
81
Voluntaryrelationshipsamongmobilenetworkoperatorsandmobilevirtualnetworkoperators:
Aneconomicexplanation
InformationEconomicsandPolicy,Volume21,Issue1,February2009,Pages72-84
AniruddhaBanerjee,ChristianM.Dippon
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Mobilevirtualnetworkoperators(MVNOs)donotholdspectrumlicensesandownlittleornonetworkinfrastructure.Rather,theyresellmobileservicesbypurchasingairtimeatwholesaleratesfrommobilenetworkoperators(MNOs).Unlikeordinaryresellers,MVNOsrelyonbrandappealandreputationacquiredinotherbusinessestosellmobileservices(oftenbundledwithotherproducts).SignificantworldwidegrowthinvoluntaryMNO–MVNOpartnerships,withoutinterventionfrompublicpoliciesthatmandateMVNOaccesstoMNOnetworks,raisesmanyinterestingissues.SinceMNOsthatsellwholesaleservicestoMVNOspotentiallyforfeitsalesindownstreamretailmarkets,voluntaryrelationshipsareplausibleonlyifMVNOsaddvaluebywideningand/ordeepeningMNO-servedmarkets.Thispaperprovidessufficientconditionsforprofit-maximizingMNOsandMVNOstoformvoluntarystrategicpartnershipsbasedonresale,productdifferentiation,andrebranding.Thetwokeyfactorsare
(1)valueoftheMVNO’sbrandreputationand
(2)wholesalediscountatwhichtheMNOoffersservicetotheMVNO.
2.EconomicmodeloftheMNO–MVNOrelationship
2.1.Incentivesfordiscriminationandsabotage:
reviewofrelatedliterature
2.2.TheoreticalmodeloftheMNO–MVNOrelationship
2.2.1.Profitmaximizationwithhomogeneousretailserviceonly
2.2.2.Profitmaximizationwithwholesalediscountandtrade-offinsaleofhomogeneousretailandwholesaleservices
2.2.3.ThecomparativeretailpriceandprofitperformanceoftheMNOwithandwithouttheMVNO
2.2.4.Profitmaximizationwithdifferentiatedretailservices
2.2.5.Profitmaximizationwithwholesalediscountandtrade-offinsaleofdifferentiatedretailandwholesaleservices
2.2.6.ComparativeprofitperformanceofMNOwithandwithoutMVNO
2.2.7.Practicalimplications
3.Conclusion
Acknowledgements
82
Modellinginput–outputworkloadcontrolfordynamiccapacityplanninginproductionplanningsystems
InternationalJournalofProductionEconomics,Volume68,Issue1,30October2000,Pages73-93
BrianG.Kingsman
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AbstractAbstract
Workloadcontrolhasbeendescribedasoneofthenewproductionplanningandcontrolconceptsavailableforpracticaloperations.Themainprinciplehasbeendefinedbyastocontrolthelengthsofthequeuesinfrontofworkstationsontheshopfloor.Ifthesequeuesaretobekeptshort,thenwaitingtimesandhenceoverallmanufacturingleadtimeswillbecontrolled.Therearefourlevelsatwhichthiscontrolofqueuescanbeattempted;
prioritydispatchinglevel,jobreleaselevel,jobacceptanceandjobentrylevel.Thefirstoftheseisarelativelyweakmechanismforthecontrolofqueuesifusedalone.Astrongerinstrument,controlledjobrelease,entailsmaintaininga‘pool’ofunreleasedjobsintheproductionplanner'
soffice,whichareonlyreleasedontotheshopfloorifdoingsowouldnotcausetheplannedqueuestoexceedsomepredeterminednorms.Themainaimofworkloadcontrol,forthosewhoadvocateitsuseasajobreleasemethod,hasbeendefinedastocontrolthelengthsofthequeuesinfrontofworkstationsontheshopfloor.However,thetrueobjectiveistoprocessthejobssoastomeetthepromiseddeliverydateswiththemachineandworkforcecapacitiesandcapabilitiesavailable.Thejobreleasestagecanitselfonlybefullyeffectiveifthequeueofjobsinthepoolisalsocontrolled.Otherwise,jobsmayremaininthepoolfortoolongsomissingtheirpromiseddeliverydates.Thusacomprehensiveworkloadcontrolsystemmustincludethecustomerenquirystage,(thejobentrystage),tocontroltheinputofworktothepoolaswellandplanthecapacitytoprovideinfutureperiodssotheshopfloorqueuesarealsocontrolled.Amethodologyandsystemstodothisatboththejobreleaseandthecustomerenquirystagehavebeenpresentedinpreviouspapers.Thepurposeofthispaperistoprovideatheoryforworkloadcontrolinamathematicalformtoassistinprovidingproceduresforimplementinginputandoutputcontrol.Itenablesdynamiccapacityplanningtobecarriedoutatthecustomerenquiryandorderentrystagesforversatilemanufacturingmake-to-ordercompanies.Thetheoryshowsthatattentionshouldbeconcentratedoncontrollingthedifferencesbetweenthecumulativeinputsandoutputsovertime,andnottheperiodindividualinputsandoutputs.Althoughaimedatmake-to-ordercompanies,thetheoryandproceduresgiveageneralcapacityplanningmethodforotherproductionplanningmethods;
forexampledeterminingthemasterproductionscheduleinMRPsystems.
83
Ambiguousspace,ambiguousrights—corporatepowerandsocialcontrolinHongKong
Cities,Volume14,Issue5,October1997,Pages295-311
AlexanderRCuthbert,KeithGMcKinnell
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AbstractAbstract|ReferencesReferences
TheprecursortothisarticlewaspublishedunderthetitleofTherighttothecity(Cuthbert,1995).Inthatwork,theinteractionsbetweensurveillance,privateinterestandthepublicdomaininHongKongwereinvestigated.Thepaperarguedthatarealconfusionexistswithregardtothedelineationofsocialspace,asituationunderwrittenbytheprocessesthroughwhichdevelopmentrightsaregrantedtocorporationsand‘bigcapital’asawhole.Inconsequence,theideaofthecitizen'
srighttooccupycertainopenspacesinthecityisrapidlybecomingobscuredascorporatespacebecomesconflatedtosocialspace.Theterm‘ambiguousspaces’wascoinedtodescribethissituation.
Below,werefinetheseideasbyexaminingingreaterdetailtheactualmethodsbywhichambiguousspacescomeintobeing.Detailedstudieshavebeenmadetoinvestigatethespecificitiesofthisprocess—howdevelopmentrightsaregranted,whatconditionsareagreeduponandhowdealsarestruck.Fromthiswebuildaclearerpictureofhoweverydaylifeinthe(post)modernworldofHongKonghasbeencircumscribedthroughthediscretionarypowerofthelocalstate,thecorporatestrategieswhichdirecttheformandcontentofsocialspace,andthedeliberatemanipulationoftheplanningsystemtoaccommodateprivatecapital.WhilespecificmechanismsandpracticesareuniquetoHongKong'
sdynamicpoliticaleconomy,weexposebelowoneaspectofaphenomenonwhichwewouldargueincreasinglyunderwritesurbanspaceinwesternsocietiesasawhole.
•References
84
Gettingpastfirstbase:
GoingallthewaywithCognitiveWorkAnalysis
AppliedErgonomics,Volume42,Issue2,January2011,Pages358-370
RichC.McIlroy,NevilleA.Stanton
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ThispaperreportstheapplicationofCognitiveWorkAnaly
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- 关 键 词:
- 薪酬 工资 半数 女性 觉得 月薪 幸福
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