河南省鹤壁市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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河南省鹤壁市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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河南省鹤壁市学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
【全国市级联考】河南省鹤壁市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题
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一、阅读选择
Aftertwoyearsofcarefulconsideration,RobertMcCrumhasreachedaconclusiononhisselectionofthe100greatestnovelswritteninEnglish.Takealookatafewinhislist:
ThePilgrim’sProgressbyJohnBanyan(1678)
AstoryofamaninsearchoftruthtoldwiththesimpleclarityandbeautyofBunyan’sprosemakesthisanEnglishclassic.
RobinsonCrusoebyDanielDefoe(1719)
Bytheendofthe19thcentury,nobookinEnglishliteraryhistoryhadenjoyedmoreeditionsandtranslations.Thisworld-famousnovelisacomplexliteraturethatonecannotresist.
Gulliver’sTravelsbyJonathanSwift(1726)
Agreatworkthat’sbeenrepeatedlyprinted,JonathanSwift’sGulliver’sTravelscomesthirdinourlistofthebestnovelswritteninEnglish.
ClarissabySamuelRichardson(1748)
Clarissaisatragicheroine,pressuredbyherdishonorablefamilytomarryawealthymanshedislikes,inthebookthatSamuelJohnsondescribedas“thefirstbookintheworldthatshowstheknowledgeaboutthehumanheart”.
TomJonesbyHenryFielding(1749)
TomJonesisaclassicEnglishnovelthatgetsthespiritofitsageandwhosecharactersarewell-knownsincetheyhavecometorepresentthesocietyatthattime.
EmmabyJaneAusten(1816)
JaneAusten’sEmmaishermostoutstandingwork,mixingthebestpartsofherearlybookswithadeepsenseoffeelings.
TheNarrativeofArthurGordonPymofNantucketbyEdgarAllanPoe(1838)
EdgarAllanPoe’sonlynovel—aclassicadventurestorywithsupernaturalelements—hasfascinatedandinfluencedgenerationsofwriters.
1.WhichEnglishbookhasgotthemosttranslationsbeforethe20thcentury?
A.RobinsonCrusoe.B.Gulliver’sTravels.
C.TomJones.D.Emma.
2.WhatdoesSamuelJohnsonthinkwecanlearnaboutfromthebookClarissa?
A.Alovestory.B.Quarrelsinafamily.
C.Thehumanheart.D.Thespiritsofthelime.
3.WhatmakesthecharactersinTomJonesfamous?
A.Theirclassiclifestyles.
B.Theirdifferentnationalities.
C.Theirtypicalspiritsoftheage.
D.Theirrepresentationofthesociety.
NofashioneventattractstheworldquiteliketheVictoria’sSecretFashionShow.InNovember2017,morethan55modelsdescendeduponShanghaiforthelingerie(内衣)maker’sfirstshowinAsia.Victoria’sSecretcasteightChinesemodelsfortheshow,includingLiuWen,doublethenumberthatwalkedin2016.
LiuWen,aChinesefashionmodel,startedhermodelinecareerin2005aftercompetingintherealityTVshowNewSilkRoadWorldModelContest.Althoughshedidnotwinthecompetition,Liusoonbeganworkingfull-timeasamodel,eventuallybecominganationalsuccessstoryafterworkingwithfashionmagazineslikeVogueandHarper’sBazaarthatarepopularinChina,In2007,shewassignedtotheMarilynagency,andhassincewalkedforBurberry.Givenchy,Chanel,TomFord,ProenzaSchoolerandTommyHilfiger.
Liuwalkedarecord74showsinNewYork,London,MilanandParisfortheautumn/winter2009season,followedby70forspring/summer2010,makingherthesecondmost-bookedcatwalkmodelthatyear.Shehasalsoachieved15internationalVoguecoverstodate.
In2009,LiubecamethefirstwomanofChineseorigintowalkintheVictoria’sSecretFashionShow.Liualsoparticipatedinthe2010—2012shows.ShereturnedtotheVictoria’sSecretrunwayagainin2016.
Inthepast,Liuhassaidthataftermodelingshemightenjoyworkingasastylistor,weretheopportunitytoarise,asanactress-shefeelsthatmodelingandactinghavemuchincommon,butfornowsheenjoysmodelingandworkinginthefashionindustry.Shehasstatedthatsheknowsthat,asacareerchoice,workingasafashiondesignerorstylistwouldbe“veryhardwork”,butsheisnowmoreseriouslyconsideringbecomingastylistbecauseshewouldlike“toshareherfashionstyle-tomboyish,vintage,andcomfortable-withtheworld”.
4.HowmanytimeshasLiuappearedinVictoria'sSecretFashionShow?
A.4.B.5.
C.6.D.7.
5.WhichstatementisNOTtrue?
A.Liucreatedarecordof15internationalVoguecovers.
B.Liuwalked70showsfortheautumn/winter2010season.
C.LiureturnedtotheVictoria’sSecretFashionShowagainin2016.
D.Liudidn'twintheNewSilkRoadWorldModelContestin2005.
6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuWen?
A.beautifulandpatientB.successfulandkind
C.determinedandsmartD.hardworkingandambitious
7.Wherecanwemostprobablyfindthispassage?
A.Inaposter.B.Inamagazine.
C.Inafashionshow.D.Inabookreview.
AnautonomousvehicledesignedformakinglocalcommercedeliverieswasuncoveredbyNuro.ThevehicleisabouttheheightofanSWbutfarnarrowerthanatypicalcar.Theelectriccarfeaturesfouroutsidecompartments(暗格)—twooneachside-toholdseparatedeliveries.Eachcompartmentcanbetailoredtoaspecificuse,suchascookingapizzaorrefrigeratingapackage.
“Wecanuseself-drivingtechnologytodeliveranything,anytime,anywhereforbasicallyalllocalgoodsandservices,”Nuroco-founderDaveFergusonsaid.“Consumersusedtobeokaywithtwo-weekpaidshipping.Itbecametwo-weekfreedelivery,followedbyoneweek,twodays,andthesameday.Nowsame-daydeliveryisn’tfastenoughforsomecustomers.”
Nuroisn’taloneinbuildingrobotsforlocalcommercedeliveries.Earlierthismonth,Toyota,aJapanesecarcompany,uncoveredaconceptvehiclethatcouldbeusedforpackagedelivery.Ahandfulofstartups—includingStarshipTechnologies,MarbleandDispatch—aretestingsmallrobotsfordeliveriesonsidewalks.
Nuro’svehiclewilllikelyfacelegalhurdles.Fullyautonomousvehicleswithoutatestdiveraren’tlegalinCaliforniatoday,andmanycompanieshaveshiftedtestingostateswhereregulatorsaremorewelcomingofautonomousvehicles,suchasArizona.
Nuroexpectstofacefewerchallengesbecauseitdoesn’tcarrypassengers.Nuro’snarrowsizemayalsobehelpfulwhennavigatingstreetsandavoidingpedestrians.Thevehicleisn’tequippedwithanyspecialfeaturestocommunicatewithpedestriansorotherroadusers.Somecompanieshavetestedandpatentedsolutionssuchasdigitalscreensthatsignalthecar’snextmove.Fergusonsaidhisteamconductedstudiesandfoundthatsuchtechniquescouldconfusepeople.Nurobelievesit’sbettertomakesurethecarperformspredictably,sothathumandriversknowwhattoexpectfromit.
“Wefeelbycreatingthisnewtechnologythat’sgoingtoenablethislastmiledelivery,we’regoingtobecreatingnewmarketsanddoingthingsthatpreviouslyweren’tpossible,”Fergusonsaid.“Thisisnotswappingoutjobswithrobots.It’screatingnewmarkets.Therewilldefinitelybenewemploymentopportunities.”
8.WhatisthemaincharacteristicoftheNuro’sself-drivingvehicle?
A.Itcancookdeliciousmealsforcustomers.
B.Itisapioneerinthefieldofself-drivingvehicles.
C.Itisfurnarrowerandhigherthanotherautonomousones.
D.Itsdeliveriescanbetransportedinthespecialcompartment.
9.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“hurdles”inParagraph4?
A.breakthrough.B.dilemma.
C.restriction.D.protection.
10.WhyistheNuro’svehiclenotequippedwithcommunicatingfeatures?
A.Itsdigitalscreensoftenbreakdown.
B.Peoplemaybepuzzledatthefeatures.
C.Thefeatureshavenotbeendeveloped.
D.Itsperformanceisusuallyhardtopredict.
11.WhatcanweinferaboutFerguson’sopiniononthisnewtechnology?
A.Beneficial.B.Challenging.
C.Controversial.D.Ambiguous.
Wouldyoubuyacarthatcanreleasecalmingsmellsintotheairwhenyouarestuckinheavytraffic?
Wouldyoubuyarobotthatsmellslikeahumanbeing?
Manypeoplehaveseenthe3-Dcomputer-madeenvironmentsofvirtualreality(虚拟现实).Nowthesevirtualworldswillnotjustlookandsoundreal.ResearchershavecreatedVRenvironmentsthatevensmellliketherealones.Withthenewtechnology,usersopenavirtualdoorandstepintoanewenvironment,likearainforest.Aftertheyenterthisvirtualworld,specialequipmentreleasesforest-likesmellsintotheairtomaketheexperiencefeelmorereal.
SuzanneFisher-Murraysaid,“Itisareallywonderfulexperiencethatyouhavebecauseyou’reexploringthisenvironmentandyouhavesmellswithit.”
IntheUnitedStates,Smell-O-Visionwasdesignedtoprovidesmellsduringtheshowingofamovie.TheSmell-O-Visionsystemwasoncepopularinthe1960s.Now,EmanuelaMaggionisaysitisclosetobecomingpopularagain.“Itconnectsemotionsandmemorieswiththesenseofsmell,”Maggionisaid.“Itisunbelievablewhatwecandowiththetechnology.”
Theusesofsmelltechnologyarenotjustlimitedtofilmsandtheperformingarts.Researchersshowedacomputerprogramwhereuserscouldimaginethemselvesdrivingacar.Thesystemincludedaspecialsmell-sprayingmachine.DmitrijsDmitrenkosaid,“Wewanttodeliverthesmelloflavender(薰衣草)everytimethepersondrivesoverthespeedlimit.Wechooselavenderbecauseit’saverycalmingsmell.”
Scientistsareexperimentingwithsmellsinsteadofsoundsorimage-basedalertsontelecommunicationsequipment.Andbusinessmenhavealreadyusedsmellstoinfluencepeople’sbehavior.“Notonlyinstores,butalsoinotherplacesyoucancreateandstimulate(刺激)immediatepurchase,”Maggionisaid.“Soyou’reinalibraryandwhenyousmellcoffeeyouwillunconsciouslyhavetheneedtodrinkacoffee.”
12.Usingsmelltechnology,researchersmakeVRenvironments________.
A.haveasmellofarainforest
B.evensmellliketherealones
C.looklikea4-Denvironment
D.frightenpeoplewithavirtualworld
13.TheexampleofSmell-O-Visionprovesthat________.
A.Americaisthefirsttousesmelltechnology
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