中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破 及90道精选试题练习.docx
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中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破 及90道精选试题练习.docx
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中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破及90道精选试题练习
中考英语直接引语和间接引语考点击破
——90道精选试题练习
直接引语是直接引用别人所说的话,句子中需要用引号间接引语是转述别人所说的话,即将直接引语变成间接引语。
间接引语多以宾语从句的形式表示。
考点一直接引语与间接引语的转换
转述一般疑问句时,引导词if/whether及语序的用法考查;转述祈使句时的用法考查
1.转述陈述句时,由连词that引导,that在口语中常省略
Tinasaid,“Iwillgotothecinematomorrow."→
Tinasaid(that)shewouldgotothecinemathenextday.
蒂娜说她第二天要去看电影。
2转述一般疑问句时,用f或whether引导。
Heaskedme,Haveyoureadthisbook?
”→
Heaskedmeif/whetherIhadreadthatbook.
他问我是否读过那本书。
3.转述祈使句时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词。
如果祈使句为否定式,则在不定式的前面加not。
Shesaidtous,“Pleasesitdown:
”→
Sheaskedustositdown.她请我们坐下。
Hesaid,"Don,tmakesomuchnoise,boys."→
Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.
他告诉男孩子们不要制造这么多噪音。
4.转述感叹句时,用wht或how引导。
Shesaid,“Whatalovelyboyheis!
"→
Shesaidwhatalovelyboyhewas.
她说他是个多么聪明的男孩啊。
考点二转述时人称、时态、状语及动词的变化
直接引语变间接引语时,人称、时态、指示代词、地点状语、时间状语等的综合考查;直接引语变间接引语时,时态无需改变的情况。
1.人称的变化
直接引语在变为间接引语时,代词要随句意进行改变。
大致遵循“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不变更”的规律。
(1)“一随主”是指直接引语中的第一人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
Isaid,“Iwontgiveup。
”→
IsaidthatIwouldnotgiveup.我说我不会放弃。
(2)“二随宾”是指直接引语中的第二人称代词变为间接引语时,须与引述动词的宾语在人称和数上保持一致。
Hesaidtoher,“Whyareyoulate?
”→
Heaskedherwhyshewaslate.他问她为什么迟到。
(3)“第三人称不变更”是指直接引语中的第三人称代词在变为间接引语时不发生变化。
Hesaid,“Shelikesit.”→
Hesaidthatshelikedit.
他说她喜欢它
2.时态的变化
如果直接引语为过去的某种时态,则间接引语的时态应和对应的时态向前推一个时态,如下表所示:
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般过去时
过去完成时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时/过去完成时
过去完成时
Martintoldme,"IrangAliceyesterday.",→
MartintoldmethathehadrungAlicethedaybefore.
马丁告诉我说他前一天已经给爱丽丝打电话了。
Nelltoldme."Maryisstudyingabroad"→
-NelltoldmethatMarywasstudyingabroad.
内尔告诉我玛丽正在国外学习
3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化
直接引语
间接引语
指示代词
this这个
that那个
these这些
those那些
时间状语
now现在
then那时
today今天
thatday那天
thisevening今晚
thatevening那晚
yesterday昨天
thedaybefore前一天
lastnight昨晚
thenightbefore前一天晚上
twodaysago两天前
twodaysbefore两天前
nextweek下周
thenextweek/thefollowingweek
第二周
tomorrow明天
thenextday/thefollowingday
第二天
thedaybeforeyesterday前天
twodaysbefore两天前
thedayaftertomorrow后天
Intwoday'stime两天后
地点状语
here这里
there那里
方向性动词
bring带来
take带走
come来
go去
Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→
Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.
他说那些书是他的。
Shesaid."Iwillcomethismorning.→
Shesaidthatshewouldgothatmorning.
她说那天早上她会去那里。
Shesaid,"Iwentthereyesterday."→
Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.
她说她前一天去过那里。
Shesaid,"Iwillcomeherethisevening".→
Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening
她说她那天晚上会去那里。
4.时态无需改变的情况
(1)直接引语是客观真理时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变。
Mothersaid,"Therearefourseasonsandtwelvemonthsinayear."→
MothersaidthattherearefourseasonsandtwelvemonthsInayear.
妈妈说一年有四季,12个月。
(2)直接引语是过去进行时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变
Jacksaid,"John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?
”→
JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.
杰克问约翰在街上碰见他时他正要去哪里。
(3)直接引语中有具体的时间状语时,变成间接引语,时态无需改变。
Hesaid,“'Thestorytookplaceinthe1930s".→
Hesaidthatthestorytookplaceinthe1930s.
他说那个故事发生在20世纪30年代。
[典例点拨]
1.Hesaid,"IamlivingwithaBritishfamilynow."
HesaidthatwaslivingwithaBritishfamily.
A.I:
nowB.you;the
C.he.thenD.he.now
解题技巧:
C
直接引语是陈述句且人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语在人称上保持一致,第一空需要和he保持一致;直接引语变成间接引语时,时间状语也要进行相应的变化,now变成then,故选C项。
命题规律:
直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,需要记住以下几个方面:
去掉引号加that,时态向前推一步,人称变化要灵活,状语变化按规定。
2.Heaskedthewomanonthephone,"CanIcallonyouthisafternoon?
"→
Heaskedthewomanonthephonecallonherafternoon
A.whethercouldhe:
thisB.whetherhecould:
that
Cwhethercouldhe:
thatD.whetherhecould:
this
解题技巧:
B
直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,首先加上whether或者if,然后句子需用陈述句语序,如果直接引语的人称是第一人称,变成间接引语时,需要和引述动词的主语保持相同的人称;时态、时间状语、地点状语也要进行相应的变化,故选B项。
命题规律:
直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,需记住以下几点:
去掉引号加whether或if,陈述语序要记住,时态、人称和状语都要进行变化。
90道精选试题练习
一、根据括号中的要求改写句子
1.“Jack,canyouhelpwiththedinner?
”Jack'smotherasked.(改成间接引语)
Jackwasasked______he______helpwiththedinner.
2.Tonysaid,“Iamsingingwhenthetelephonerings.”(将直接引语改为间接引语)
Tonysaidthat____________singingwhenthetelephonerang.
3.WasthemachineinventedbyDavid?
Shewasn'tsure.(合并成一句话)
Shewasn'tsure______themachinewasinventedbyDavid.
4.ArethereanynewmarketsinAsia?
Thesalesmanagerwantstoknow.(合并为一句)
Thesalesmanagerwantstoknow______there______anynewmarketsinAsia.
5.TimsaidtoKate,“Howisyourmothernow?
”(改为间接引语)
Tim______Katehow______mother______then.
6
.HeaskedMary,“Doyouhaveanythingtodothisafternoon?
”(改为间接引语)
HeaskedMary______she______anythingtodo______afternoon.
7.Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”(改为间接引语)
Ourteacher______
us______light______fasterthansound.
8.MrZhangsaid,“IwasborninBeijinginOctober,1980.”(改为间接引语)
MrZhangsaidthat____________borninBeijinginOctober,1980.
9.Ourteachersaidtome,“Sitdown,please.”(改为间接引语)
Ourteachertold____________sitdown.
10.Mymothersaid,“Don'tmakeanynoise.”(改为间接引语)
Mymothertoldme__________________anyn
oise.
11.Shea
skedme,“WhenareyougoingtoShanghai?
”(改为间接引语)
Sheaskedmewhen____________goingtoShanghai.
12.Mybrothertoldmeonthephone,“Iwillgobacktomorrow.”(改为间接引语)
Mybrothertoldmeonthephonethathe____________back__________________.
13.OurheadteachertoldLiMing'smother,“Hehasgonehome.”(改为间接引语)
OurheadteachertoldLiMing'smotherthat____________gonehome.
14.Thereporteraskedthegirl,“Doyoulikeyourvolunteerworkonweekends?
”(改为间接引语)
Thereporteraskedthegirl______she______hervolunteerworkonweekends.
15.“Whydoyoustayathome?
”myfatheras
ked.(把直接引语改为间接引语)
Myfatherasked______I______athome.
16.Thewomanteacheraskedthestudents,“CanyouunderstandwhatIamsaying?
”(改为间接引语)
Thewomanteacheraskedthestudents____________couldunderstandwhatshewassaying.
17.Shesaid,“Areyoufromthesouth?
”(改为间接引语)
Sheasked______I______fromthesouth.
18.MrPaulsaidtous,“Themoongoesaroundtheearth.”(改为间接引语)
MrPaul______usthatthemoon______aroundtheearth.
19.“Ican'tfindmywallet,”hesaidtome.(改为间接引语)
He______methathe__________________wallet.
20.“Iwilltakeithomewithme,”shesaid.(改为间接引语)
Shesaidthat__________________ithomewith______.
21.Heasked,“Howdoyoufindit,mother?
”(改为间接引语)
Heaskedhermother__________________it.
22.“DoyouknowwhereTomlives?
”heaskedAlice.(改为间接引语)
HeaskedAli
ce____________knewwhereTom______.
23.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children,”hesaid.(改为间接引语)
He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.
24.“Areyouinterestedinthis?
”hesaid.(改为间接引语)
He____________Iwasinterestedin______.
25.“I'mgladtogetyouremail
,”hesaidtome.(改为间接引语)
He______me____________gla
dtoget______email.
二、将所给直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词
1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.
2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He______methathe_________________wallet.
3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.
4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”
Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.
5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______mettheday______.
6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.
7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.
Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.
8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?
”hesaid.He__________Ihadseenhertheweek______.
9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthathe______sitthere.
10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?
”
Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.
11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?
”heasked.
Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.
12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?
”heasked.Heasked__________knewwhereshe_____.
13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.
He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.
14.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme___________________himthenews.
15.“Areyouinterestedinthis?
”hesaid.He____________Iwasinterestedin______.
16.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.
17.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe_____________thefilm.
18.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.
Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.
19.“Keepquiet,children.”hesaid.He_______thechildren______________quiet.
20.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,”shesaid.Shetoldme__________________outofthewindow.
三、将所给直接引语变为间接引语
1.Hesaid:
“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”
2.Shesaid:
“Hewillbebusy.”
3.ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?
”
4.Sheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?
”
5.Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?
”
6.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’twasteyourtime.”
7.Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”
8.Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”
9.Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”
10.Theboysaidtous,“Iusuallygetupatsixeveryday.”
11.Hesaid,“Wearestillstudents.”
12.Hesaidtome,“Iwasbornin1978.”
13.Theengineersaid,“Iwasatcollegein1967.”
14.Hesaid,“IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwasaboy.”
15.Shesaid,“IreadthebookwhileIwaswaitingforabus.”
16.Mr.Greensaidtothem,“Joetoldmeallabouthisstorywhenheaskedforajob.”
17.Hesaid,“Weinsistedthatshestartimmediately.”
18.Shesaid,“Hedemandedthatthegirlleaveatonce.”
19.Isaidtohim,“Ihavefinis
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