新托福听力备考资料科学美国人音频文稿.docx
- 文档编号:1670413
- 上传时间:2023-05-01
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:29
- 大小:42.27KB
新托福听力备考资料科学美国人音频文稿.docx
《新托福听力备考资料科学美国人音频文稿.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《新托福听力备考资料科学美国人音频文稿.docx(29页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
新托福听力备考资料科学美国人音频文稿
一月
20080101SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience.IamSteveMirsky.Gotaminute?
、
HappyNewYear!
Anddon’tfeelbadabouttakingtodayoff.Afterall,you’vetraveledfar.AndI’mnottalkingaboutthetriphomefromthepartylastnight.AccordingtoNASA,justbybeingontheplanetearthinthelastyear,you’vezippedabout584millionmilesaroundthesuntogetbackwhereyouwere.Atanaverage平均speedofabout67,000milesperhour.Again,nottalkingaboutthedrivehomelastnight.
Ofcourse,thetripwasnotaperfectcircle.AsKeplershowed,theearth’sorbitisanellipse,withthesunatoneofthetwofocal焦点的points.Healsofiguredouttheplanetgoesfasterwhenit’satperihelion近日点,nearerthesun,thanwhenit’sataphelion远日点,itsfurthestdistance.Whichwouldexplainwhysummerseemstozipby,excepttheseasonsareafunctionofthetiltoftheearth’saxis,notitsdifferentdistancesfromthesun.Andtheearthrotated旋转365andaquartertimesduringitssweeparoundthesun.Thetriptook8,766hours.Or31,557,600seconds.Or525,960minutesjustlikethisone.
ThanksfortheminuteforScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience.I'mSteveMirsky.
20080102SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmerican's60-SecondScience.I'mKarenHopkin.Thiswilljusttakeaminute.
Ifyoudon’tsubscribe订阅totheDutchjournalEntomologiaExperimentalisetApplicata,youmighthavemissedthenewsaboutfleas跳蚤:
thebestwaytogetridofahousefullofcatfleasistoreachforthevacuumcleaner.Theolduprightisnotonlylethal致死的toadultbugs,butitcompletelywipesout抹消theiryoung.ScientistsfromOhioStateUniversityhadsetouttodeterminewhatadditionalmeasuresmightbeneededtokillabunchofHoovered-upfleas:
burning,freezing,poisoning,maybeevenagoodoldfashionedbootstomping践踏.Butitturnsoutthatgettingsuckedintoavacuumbagdoesthewholejob.
Theresearchersweresosurprisedbytheresults,theyrepeatedthestudyseveraltimes.Ineachexperiment,theysprinkled洒akitchencarpetwith100catfleas,eitheradultsorjuveniles.Andtheyfoundthatthevacuumsnuffed消灭outprettymuchallofthem.Whatmakesvacuumingsodeadlyishardtosay.Theresearchersadmitthattheydidnotconduct引导apostmortem验尸onanyofthedeceased.Buttheythinkitwasthephysicaltrauma损伤ofbeingsuckedthroughthebrushesthatgavefleasaone-waytickettothechitin-yard.Now,ifonlyscientistscouldcomeupwithasafewaytovacuumthecat.
ThanksfortheminuteforScientificAmerican's60-SecondScience.I'mKarenHopkin.
20080103SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience,I'mSteveMirsky.Gotaminute?
Thescientificcommunityneedstobeinvolvedinpromotingscienceeducation,includingevolution进化.SosaystheJanuaryissueoftheFASEBJournal杂志.FASEBistheFederationofAmericanSocietiesforExperimentalBiology.Sixteenotherorganizationsalsosignedontotherecommendation,includingtheNationalAcademyofSciencesandtheAmericanInstituteofPhysics.Thearticlenotesthattheintroductionofnonscience,suchascreationism创造宇宙说andintelligentdesign,undermines逐渐削弱fundamentalsofscienceeducation—suchasusingthescientificmethod,understandinghowtoreachscientificconsensus一致同意andtellingscientificexplanationsfornaturalphenomenaapartfromnonscientificones.
ThearticleincludedasurveyofathousandlikelyUSvoters.Thoseabletoanswersimplequestionsaboutplatetectonics构造地质学,properantibioticuseandprehistory史前时期werefarmorelikelytosupportevolutioneducation.SaidjournaleditorGeraldWeissman,“Thebottomlineisthattheworldisround,humansevolvedfromanextinctspecies,andElvisisdead.Thissurveyisawake-upcallforanyonewhosupportsteachinginformationbasedonevidenceratherthanspeculation推测orhope。
20080104SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmerican's60-SecondScience.I'mCynthiaGraber.Thiswilljusttakeaminute.
Bynowwe’veallheardabouttheplacebo安慰剂affect:
-justbythinkingapillwillhelpcure治愈whatails生病you,itoftendoes.Well,itturnsoutdoctorssometimestakeadvantageoftheplaceboaffect.Yes,doctors-atleastdoctorsinChicago,-occasionallypurposelyprescribe开药方placebos.That’saccordingtoastudyintheJournalofGeneralInternalMedicine.
Of231internists内科医师inChicagowhoansweredasurvey,45percentsaythey’veusedplacebosonoccasion.Themedicinesofchoiceincludedantibiotics,vitamins,ibuprofen异丁苯丙酸,andamountsofmedicationtoosmalltobetherapeutic对身心健康有益的.Allprescribed规定的forsituationsinwhichthosepillsshouldnthavehadaneffectonthepatient’sparticularcomplaint疾病.
Aboutathirdofthedoctorstoldpatientsthatthepillsmighthelpandcertainlywon’thurt.About20percentsimplytellthemthatit’smedicine.Soeventhoughprescribingplacebosremainscontroversial有争议的,clearlysomedocsaredoingit.Decadesago,physiciansprescribedplacebostodistinguishwhohadarealproblemandwhowasfaking假装it.Today,theyrecognizetherealityofthemind-bodyconnection,andthatplaceboscansometimesbejustwhatthedoctorordered.安排好的
Thanksfortheminute,forScientificAmerican's60-SecondScience.I'mCynthiaGraber.
20080107SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmerican's60-SecondScience.I'mChelseaWald.Gotaminute?
Nooneeversitsinsilencethesedays.Butifwedid,manyofuswouldexperiencetinnitus耳鸣—thatis,phantom幽灵noise.It’snormallyahighringinglikethis.Butitcansoundlikecrickets蟋蟀,orbuzzing嗡嗡响的,ormusic.NowaBrazilianstudyhasfoundthatpeoplewon’thearthesenoisesasmuchiftheysimplyaren’tlistening.Volunteerswithnormalhearingwereputinsoundproofed隔音的rooms.Whentheyfocusedonlistening,almost70percentheardphantomnoises.Butwhentheyfocusedonseeing,only45percentheardnoises.Andwhensolvingapuzzle,only20percentheardnoises.
Somepeoplehaveconstant恒久不变的,debilitating使虚弱tinnitus.Forthem,thisstudysuggeststhattherapies疗法todivert使转移attention注意fromhearingcouldhelp.Foreveryoneelse,well,thebestwaytoavoidtinnitusmightbejustnottolistenveryhard.Infact,youshouldprobablyforgetaboutthisprogramaltogether.Oh,anddon’tthinkaboutpinkelephants幻觉.
ThanksfortheminuteforScientificAmerican's60-SecondScience.I'mChelseaWald.
20080108SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience.IamCynthiaGraber.This'lljusttakeaminute.
Howfrequentarenightmares噩梦fortoddlers小孩andwhatcausesthem?
ThosearequestionsresearchersattheUniversityofMontrealhopetoanswer.Theyaskedparentsofaboutathounsandchildrentoestimate估计theoccurrence发生oftheirchild'snightmaresfromagetwoandahalfthroughagesix.Theparentswerealsoquestionedabouttheirchild'sdisposition性格.First,itturnsoutthatnightmaresaren'tsofrequent.Aboutathirdoftheparentsreportednonightmaresatall.Andthenthereisthesecondresult:
kidswhoarecalleddifficultasearlyasfivemonthsweremorelikelytosufferfromnightmaresastoddlers.Andoneswhoatayearandahalfformoreanxious,morelikelytocry,andmoredifficulttocalmdownwerealsomorelikelytohavebaddreams.Thestudyauthorssaythismeanschildrenmaybe,well,likelittleadults.It'salreadywell-established证实的thatadultstendtoexpressreallifestressandemotionalproblemsasnightmares.Theresearcherssuggestthatfocusingonthekidsday-timeissuesandonparentingtechniques技巧mayhelpbanish驱逐night-timedemons恶魔.
ThanksfortheminuteforScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience.IamCynthiaGraber.
20080109SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience,I'mSteveMirsky,gotaminute?
Ifyou'reinvading侵入meat-eatingArgentinianantandyourunoutofprey猎物,there'sonlyonethingtodoifyouwanttokeeponinvading-becomeavegetarian素食者.Andthat'sjustwhatthecarnivorous食肉的ArgentinianantsthathaveinvadedCaliforniadid,theyswitchedandbegantoeatvegetablematter.No,these2millimeter-longcritters动物didn'tdevelopmoralqualms疑虑abouteatingmeat,theyaren'ttryingtosavetheplanet,theyjustranoutoftheirfirstchoice-nativeants.ResearcherswritingintheProceedings进程oftheNationalAcademyofSciencessaythattheseantsgobbled狼吞虎咽地吃upthenativeants,whichcanbe10timestheirsize.Thenewcomersthenhadnochoicebuttocarbo-load,switchingovertosuchsweettreatsashoneydew甘汁nectar花蜜producedbyaphids蚜虫.TheantswhicharebelievedtohavearrivedinCaliforniaonshipscarryingcoffeeandsugarfromArgentinain1890s,havecausedproblemsforbigcreaturesaswell.Thecoastal沿海的horned有角的lizard蜥蜴whichdined吃饭ondometicantshasdeclinedthenumbersbyabouthalfrecently,apparentlybecausethelizarddoesn'tparticularlycareforArgentinianfood.
ThanksfortheminuteforScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience,I'mSteveMirsky.
20080110SSS.txt
ThisisScientificAmericans'60-SecondScience.IamCynthiaGraber.This'lljusttakeaminute.
Somegenes基因thatcontributetodiseasescanbetraced追溯backtowhat'sknownasafounder创始人mutations变化.It'sthefirstinstanceofthatspecificmutation,whichthengetscarriedbyallsubsequent随后的generations一代人.Mutationsinone'sspecificgeneareknowntogivecarriersa69%greaterriskofcoloncancerbytheageof80.butitcanbetoughtofigureout解决whohasit.Luckily,theMormonchurchkeepsgreatfamilyrecords.ResearchersattheUniversityofUtahwereabletofigureoutthatthismutationoccurredinonly2extendedfamilies,oneinUtahandoneinNewYork.Sotheysuspected怀疑thatsomewhereinhistorylurked潜伏afounder.Theyusedcolonoscopy结肠镜检查(information,geneticanalysisoffamilymembersandgenealogical宗谱的
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 托福 听力 备考 资料 科学 美国人 音频 文稿
![提示](https://static.bingdoc.com/images/bang_tan.gif)