The Law of Land Administrationofficial.docx
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The Law of Land Administrationofficial.docx
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TheLawofLandAdministrationofficial
TheLawofLandAdministrationofthepeople'sRepublicofChina
OfficialTranslation
adoptiondate:
[1986-06-25]
amendmentdate:
[1988-12-29,1998-08-29]
CHAPTERONEGENERALPROVISIONS
Article1ThelawisformulatedincompliancewiththeConstitutionwithaviewtostrengtheningtheadministrationofland,safeguardingthesocialistpublicownershipofland,protectinganddevelopinglandresources,ensuringarationaluseofandgivingarealprotectiontocultivatedlandtopromotesustainabledevelopmentofthesocialisteconomy.
Article2ThePeople'sRepublicofChinaresortstoasocialistpublicownershipi.e.anownershipbythewholepeopleandownershipsbycollectives,ofland.
Inownershipbythewholepeople,theStateCouncilisempoweredtobeonbehalfoftheStatetoadministerthelandownedbytheState.
Nounitorindividualisallowedtooccupy,tradeorillegallytransferlandbyothermeans.Landuserightmaybetransferredbylaw.
TheStatemayrequisitionlandownedbycollectivesaccordingtolawonpublicinterests.
TheStateintroducesthesystemofcompensateduseoflandownedbytheStateexceptthelandhasbeenallocatedforusebytheStateaccordingtolaw.
Article3Tocherishandgivearationalusetothelandaswellastogiveatrueprotectiontothecultivatedlandareseenasabasicprincipleoflanduseinthecountry.Thepeople'sgovernmentsatalllevelsshouldmanagetomakeanoverallplanfortheuseoflandtostrictlyadminister,protectanddeveloplandresourcesandstopanyillegaloccupationofland.
Article4TheStateistoplaceastrictcontrolontheusagesofland.
TheStateshallcompilegeneralplanstosetusagesoflandincludingthoseoffarmorconstructionuseorunused.Astrictcontrolistoplaceontheturningoflandforfarmusetothatforconstructionusetocontrolthetotalamountoflandforconstructionuseandexerciseaspecialprotectiononcultivatedland.
"Landforfarmuse"referstolanddirectlyusedforagriculturalproduction,includingcultivatedland,woodedland,grassland,landforfarmlandwaterconservancyandwatersurfacesforbreeding;"landforconstructionuse"referstolandonwhichbuildingsandstructuresareputup,includinglandforurbanandruralhousingandpublicfacilities,landforindustrialandmininguse,landforbuildingcommunicationsandwaterconservancyfacilities,landfortourismandlandforbuildingmilitaryinstallations.Theterm"landunused"referstolandotherthanthatforagriculturalandconstructionuses.
Landshouldbeusedstrictlyinlinewiththepurposesoflandusedefinedinthegeneralplanfortheutilizationofthelandwhetherbyunitsorindividuals.
Article5ThelandadministrativedepartmentoftheStateCouncilshallbeunifiedlyresponsiblefortheadministrationandsupervisionoflandinthewholecountry.
Thesetupandfunctionsoflandadministrativedepartmentsofpeople'sgovernmentsatandabovethecountylevelshallbedecidedbythepeople'sgovernmentsofprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesunderthedirectjurisdictionofthecentralgovernment(hereinafterreferredtoas"municipalities"forshort)accordingtotherelevantprovisionsoftheStateCouncil.
Article6Unitsorindividualsshallallbeobligedtoabidebythelawsandregulationsconcerninglandadministrationandhavetherighttoreportorprosecuteactsofviolatinglandadministrationlawandregulations.
Article7People'sgovernmentsshallawardunitsorindividualswhohavemadeoutstandingachievementsinprotectinganddevelopinglandresources,rationalutilizationoflandandincarryingoutresearchinthisregard.
CHAPTERTWOOWNERSHIPANDRIGHTOFUSEOFLAND
Article8LandinurbandistrictsshallbeownedbytheState.
Landintheruralareasandsuburbanareas,exceptotherwiseprovidedforbytheState,shallbecollectivelyownedbypeasantsincludinglandforbuildinghouses,landandhillsallowedtoberetainedbypeasants.
Article9LandownedbytheStateandlandcollectivelyownedbypeasantsmaybeallocatedtobeusedbyunitsorindividualsaccordingtolaw.Unitsorindividualsusinglandshallberesponsiblefortheprotection,managementandarationaluseoftheland.
Article10Inlandscollectivelyownedbypeasantsthosehavebeenallocatedtovillagersforcollectiveownershipaccordingtolawshallbeoperatedandmanagedbyvillagecollectiveeconomicorganizationsorvillagers'committeeandthosehaveallocatedtotwoormorepeasantscollectiveeconomicorganizationsofavillage,shallbeoperatedandmanagedjointlybythecollectiveeconomicorganizationsofthevillageorvillagers'groups;andthosehaveallocatedtotownship(town)peasantcollectivesshallbeoperatedandmanagedbytheruralcollectiveeconomicorganizationsofthetownship(town).
Article11People'sgovernmentatthecountylevelshallregisterandputonrecordlandscollectivelyownedbypeasantsandissuecertificatestocertifytheownershipconcerned.
People'sgovernmentatthecountylevelshallregisterandputonrecordtheuseoflandcollectivelyownedbypeasantsfornon-agriculturalconstructionandissuecertificatestocertifytherighttousethelandforconstructionpurposes.
People'sgovernmentatthecountrylevelshallregisterandputonrecordusesoflandownedbytheStatebyunitsorindividualsandissuecertificatestocertifytherightofuse.TheStateCouncilshalldesignatespecificunitstoregisterandputonrecordState-ownedlandusedbycentralgovernmentorgans.
Certificationsofownershiporuserightofwoodedlandandgrasslandandtheusesorofwatersurfaceandbeachlandforbreedingpurposeshallbemanagedaccordingtorelatedprovisionsofthe"ForestLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina",the"GrasslandLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina"andthe"FisheriesLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina".
Article12Changesofownersandusagesofland,shouldgothroughthelandalterationregistrationprocedures.
Article13Theownershipanduserightoflandregisteredaccordingtolawshallbeprotectedbylawandnounitorindividualiseligibletoinfringeuponit.
Article14Landcollectivelyownedbypeasantshallbecontractedouttomembersofthecollectiveeconomicorganizationsforuseincropfarming,forestry,animalhusbandryandfisheriesproductionunderatermof30years.Thecontracteesshouldsignacontractwiththecorrespondentscontractortodefineeachother'srightsandobligations.Peasantswhohavecontractedlandforoperationareobligedtousethelandrationallyaccordingtothepurposesagreeduponinthecontracts.Therightofoperationoflandcontractedbypeasantsshallbeprotectedbylaw.
Withinthevaliditytermofacontract,theadjustmentoflandcontractedbyindividualcontractorsshouldgettheconsentfromovertwo-thirdsmajorityvoteofthevillagers'congressorovertwo-thirdsofvillagers'representativesandthenbesubmittedtolandadministrativedepartmentsofthetownship(town)people'sgovernmentandcountylevelpeople'sgovernmentforapproval.
Article15LandownedbytheStatemaybecontractedouttounitsorindividualsforfarming,forestry,animalhusbandryandfisheriesoperations.Landcollectivelyownedbypeasantsmaybecontractedouttounitsorindividualswhoarenotbelongingtothecorrespondingcollectivesforfarming,forestry,animalhusbandryandfisheriesoperations.Thecontracteesandcontractorsshouldsignlandusecontractstodefineeachother'srightsandobligations.Thecontracedtermforoperationistobeagreeduponinthelandusecontracts.Contractorsforthelandoperationareobligedtoprotectandusethelandrationallyaccordingtotheusagesspecifiedinthecontracts.
Whereasalandcollectivelyownedbypeasantiscontractedoutforoperationtoonesnotbelongingtothecorrespondingcollectiveorganizations,aconsentshouldbegotfromtheovertwo-thirdsmajorityvoteofthevillagers'congressorovertwo-thirdsofthevillagers'representativeswiththeresultedcontractbeingsubmittedtothetownship(town)people'sgovernmentforapproval.
Article16Disputesarisingfromtheownershiporuserightoflandshallbesettledthroughconsultationamongpartiesconcerned;shouldconsultationfails,thedisputesshouldbehandledbypeople'sgovernments.
Disputesamongunitsshallbehandledbythepeople'sgovernmentatandabovethecountylevel;disputesamongindividualsorbetweenindividualsandunitsshallbehandledbytownshiplevelpeople'sgovernmentorpeople'sgovernmentsatthecountylevelorabove.
Whereaspartiesconcernedrefusetoacceptthedecisionsbyrelatedpeople'sgovernmentthedisputemaybebroughtbeforethepeople'scourtwithin30daysafterthenotificationonthedecisionisreceived.
Nopartyshallchangethestatusquoofthelandbeforethedisputesoverownershipanduserightaresettled.
CHAPTERTHREEGENERALPLANSFORTHEUTILIZATIONOFLAND
Article17People'sgovernmentsatalllevelsshallmanagetocompilegeneralplansforlandusesinaccordancewiththenationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentprogram,requirementsofnationallandconsolidationandresourcesandenvironmentalprotection,landsupplycapacityandtherequirementsofvariousconstructionprojects.
ThevaliditytermofthegeneralplansforlanduseshallbedeterminedbytheStateCouncil.
Article18Generalplansforlanduseatalowerlevelshallbecompiledaccordingtothegeneralplansfortheutilizationoflandatthenexthigherlevel.
Thetotalamountoflandforconstru
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