英语写作训练课.docx
- 文档编号:18257130
- 上传时间:2023-08-14
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:16
- 大小:25.07KB
英语写作训练课.docx
《英语写作训练课.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语写作训练课.docx(16页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
英语写作训练课
英语写作训练课
写作评练
作文写好后要检查的细节:
1.句子是否完整
2.时态、语态
3.主谓一致
4.名词单复数
5.单词拼写
6.动词的过去式,过去分词
写作提示一:
写一个完整的句子:
这几句是正确的句子吗?
如果你认为有误,该怎么改?
1.Themeetingwilluntil3:
00.
2.Workhard,youwillsucceed.
3.Ihaveabrother,whoisadoctor.
4.Thereareonly4studentstakepartintheclass.
必备知识
句子的类型
1简单句:
只包含一个主谓结构的句子.
2.并列句:
主谓结构+连词(and,but,so,or……)+主谓结构(或更多的主谓结构)
3.复合句:
引导词+主谓结构,主谓结构
(从句)(主句)
句子的分类
五种基本的简单句
1.主语+不及物动词
Birdsfly.
Busesrunfromdawntillmidnight.
Wearestudyinghard.
2.主语+及物动词+宾语
Wehavereadmanybooks.
Theydoshoppingattheweekend.
WearelearningEnglish.
3.主语+系动词+表语
Wearestudents.
Hebecameascientist.
Thatsoundsgood.
4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
HegaveTomapresent.
Heofferedmeajob.
5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
Wemadehimourmonitor.
Themanagerthinkstheplanpractical.
Hewillhavehisbikerepaired.
Iwon’thaveyouspeakingtoyourmotherlikethat.
练习:
翻译下面的简单句
1.1939年爆发了第二次世界大战.
2.一天,她高兴地走进我的房间.
3.一轮红日从东方升起.
4.张飞在三年级六班.
5.那个故事听起来很有趣.
6.老师好像对我的工作很满意.
7.早睡早起对人的身体有益.
8.胡姗姗读过这本书多次了.
9.我还没决定去还是不去.
10.周兰借给我一些钱.
11.这件晚礼服花了她四十美元.
12.王小明常常在课堂上问老师许多问题.
13.同学们把课室保持得干干净净.
14.我们注意到有许多人站在学校大门口.
15.我找人把自行车修好了.
16.你不应该让他一个人去那儿.
并列句
1.用连词/副词(and,but,so,for,or,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,while,both…and,however,therefore…)
1)LiMingis18yearsoldandheisastudentinNo.1MiddleSchool.
2)Hurryuporyou’llbelateforschool.
3)Imustgonow,formysisteriswaitingforme.
2.用“;”
1)Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchanything.
2)Lilydoeswellinstudy;alltheteachersthinkhighlyofher.
3.用“;+adv”
1)Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchanything.
2)Thecarwasalmostnew;besides,itwasinexcellentcondition.
练习:
翻译下列句子
1.他虽然有病,但是还是上学去了.
2.汤姆很穷,而他的弟弟却发了财.
3.他丢了工作,因此这些天心情不好.
4.韩惠不但歌唱得好,而且舞也跳得好.
5.我本打算昨天告诉你,但你不在办公室.
复合句
复合句里包含两个或更多的主谓结构,其中有一个主谓结构为句子的主体称为主句,另一个/些主谓结构为从句,他(们)只能充当句子的某一(些)成分,,如:
主语,宾语,表语,同位语,定语,状语等.根据他们在句子中的功能分别称为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,状语从句等.
判断下面句子属于哪种复合句
1)Whenweshallhaveoursportsmeetingisstillaquestion.
2)ThelettersaysthattheyareleavingonFriday.
3)That’swhattheyshoulddo.
4)WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcomeandvisitChinaagain.
5)ThisistheverydictionarythatIamlookingfor.
6)Astimewenton,Einstein’stheoryprovedtobecorrect.
写作提示二:
要注意句子的连贯
连贯性的要求是:
句子前后之间要有照应,有衔接,思想的表达应该有序,清楚.句子与句子之间的过渡要符合逻辑,不能造成歧义或矛盾.
练习:
改正下面句子,使之成为正确的一句话
例;Faulty:
Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,one-thirdofthemarefromnearbycountries.
1.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,andone-thirdofthemarefromnearbycountries.
2.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass;one-thirdofthemarefromnearbycountries.
3.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,one-thirdofwhomarefromnearbycountries.
Faulty:
Itwasraininghard,theycouldnotworkinthefield.
Faulty:
Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom,hecarriedabagofbookswithhim.
•Faulty:
Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobyhisdeeds.
•Faulty:
Theideahementionedatfirstsoundedgood.
写作提示三:
要注意句子的简洁
1.文字简洁.
如下面这些短语均可用括号中的词代替:
fromtimetotime(often),drawaconclusion(conclude),withanger(angrily),Itisclearthat…(clearly)
试比较下列改写的句子.
Doyouknowthemanwhoisspeakingatthemeeting?
Doyouknowthemanspeakingatthemeeting?
Lookoutforcarswhileyouarecrossingthestreet?
Lookoutforcarswhilecrossingthestreet?
2.避免使用同义词重复.(如下面的这些句子,划线部分重复,应删掉).
1).Heisblindinbotheyes.
Heisblindinthelefteye.
2).Inmyopinion,Ithinkyourplanisfeasible.
3).Thedeskisroundinshapeandredincolor.
4).Ishallaccompanymymotherbygoingwithhertothemarket.
练习:
改写下列句子,使其更简洁
1.Hegavemanyreasonsforthefailure,butthereasonshegavewerenotconvincing.
2.TheGreatWall,whichhasahistoryofmorethan2000years,isoneoftheworldheritages.
3.Heattendedthepartythoughhewasbadlyill.
4.NieEr,whoisthecomposeroftheNationalAnthemforthePeople’sRepublicofChina,wasborninYunnaninFebruary1912.
5.Hesuggestedthathebesenttotendthesick.
6.Tomysurprise,IwassurprisedtofindnoonetherewhenIgotthere.
7.Ateacherwhohasexperienceshouldhaveanideaaboutwhatheshoulddoinsuchacondition.
8.Doyouknowthegirlwhoisdressedinred?
Doyouknowthegirl_____________.
9.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroomandhecarriedabagofbookswithhim.
Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom,_______________________________.
10.Themanwhoisstandingbythewindowisourteacher.
Theman___________________isourteacher.
11.Wedidn’tknowhertelephonenumber,sowecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.
__________________________________,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.
12.JohnsonlookedlikeamanwhowaswantedinLosAngelesforrobbery.
Johnsonlookedlikeaman_______________________.
13.Wefinallyreachedhomeat10pm,andweweretiredandhungry.
Wefinallyreachedhomeat10pm,________________.
设计一个段落
•段落(设计好一个段落)
•一般说来,一个段落由三部分组成:
主题句,扩展句和结论句.主题句提出的论述的主题,扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明,结论句总结全文,在论证的基础上得出结论.这三者是段落的必要成分,他们相辅相成,构成一个完整的段落.有些段落还有过渡句,它起到段与段之间的顺利过渡.
•1.主题句
•1)主题句的位置:
请找出段落的主题句
•Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentshowthatsmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousdiseasecancer,smokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itgivesonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforsmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldortheterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?
•AlbertEinstein,oneoftheworld’sgreatestscientists,failedinhisuniversityentranceexamonhisfirstattempt.WilliamFaulkner,oneofAmerica’sfamouswriters,neverfinishedcollegebecausehecouldnotpasshisEnglishcourses.SirWinstonChurchill,whoisconsideredoneofthemastersoftheEnglishlanguage,wasverypoorinEnglishduringmiddleschool.Thesefewexamplesshowthatschooldoesnotalwayspredictfailureinlife.
•Karaok,whichwasinventedbyaJapanese,oneofthegreatestwondersofmoderntechnology.Needlesstosay,Karaokisagoodwayofrest.Youcanlearnanewsongeasily.It’salsoagoodwaytomakeyourfriendshappy.Nearlyeverybodyhasachancetobeasingingstar.However,everythinghastwosides,sodoesKaraok.It’snoisytoyourneighbors.Besides,ifyousingbadly,theywillfeeluncomfortable.Infact,youaresuretomakeasoundpollution
•2)写好主题句,有两条原则
•1.主题句要明确,句中须有一个词,词组,或从句让读者一目了然本段的确切主题,明确本段的重点或观点.例如:
Thisparagraphwilltalkaboutbirds.这句作为主题句就太笼统,不确切.试比较以下几句,下列几个主题句就确切地阐明了段落的主题:
•a.Birdshaveagreatsenseofdirection.
•b.Petownersprefercertainspeciesofbirds.
•c.Inmyopinion,abirdmakesabetterpetthanacatdoes.
•d.Birdsaresufferingfromair-pollution.
•2.主题句要概括,它陈述你要说明的重点和观点,句中必须包含有可扩展主题的词,词组或从句.他应该是你将进一步表明你的态度和看法的概括.同时,主题句有利于控制作者本人的主题的扩展.例如:
TheyounggirlstudiedChineseHistory.该主题句未能概括主题的要点,则不利于下面的扩展.最好增添一个词或一个短语来修改这个句子,以便顺利地展开你的主题.例如:
•a.TheyounggirleagerlystudiedChineseHistory.
•b.TheyounggirlstudiedChineseHistoryunderafamoushistorian.
•c.TheyounggirlfoundthreereasonsforstudyingChineseHistory.
•2.下面各段没有主题句,请根据全段内容拟定一个主题句.
•1)_____________________________.Forexampleteacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisverydifficulttocalculatethetruevalueofserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Theconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatsillshavetobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatshop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.
•2)____________________________________.
•BeforeenteringahouseinJapan,itisagoodmannertotakeoffyourshoes.InEuropeancountrieseventhoughshoessometimesbecomeverymuddy,thisisnotdone.AguestinaChinesehouseneverfinishesadrink.Heleavesalittletoshowthathehashadenough.InaMalaysianhouse,too,aguestleavesalittlefood.InEngland,aguestalwaysfinishesadrinktoshowthathehasenjoyedit.Itseemsthatmannersindifferentcountriesareneverthesame.
•3)________________________________.Firecanheatwater,cook,giveoutlightandkeepyourhousewarm.Sometimes,however,bigfirescanburndownhousesandforests.Forexample,thebigfirecausedbyYuanmingPalace,afamouspalaceinQingDynasty,ruinedcompletely.Sowemustbeverycarefulwithmatches,burningcigarettes,faultyelectricappliancesorunquenched(未扑灭的)fires
扩展句
扩展句的作用是丰富,支持,扩展主题句的内涵.他们是段落的血和肉.扩展句的表达形式是多种多样的,可以按时间或空间顺序,从整体到局部从局部到整体的方法叙述,描写,说明或议论,也可用比较,对比,比喻,推导,归纳,演绎的手段来展现.
通常对扩展句的要求有两个:
单一性和连贯性
单一性:
一个段落只说明一个问题,讲述一件事,扩展句必须紧紧地围绕着主题句,不偏离中心思想.
找出一个违背单一性的句子.
①Chinahasmadegreatprogressinreducingitspopulationgrowth.②Chinahasalreadycutitsrateofpopulationgrowthbyaboutonehalfsince1970.③Itiswrongofthewesterngovernmentstofindfaultwithitspoliciesofeliminationofpoverty.④Chinanowurgeseachfamilytohavenomorethanonechild.⑤Andithopestoreachzeropopulationgrowth,thenumberofbirthequalingthenumberofdeath,bytheyear2000.
连贯性:
段落中各扩展句前后衔接,条理清楚,合乎逻辑,使读者很容易抓住段落的中心思想.
在议论文中,我们常会谈到首先,其次,然后,该如何表达?
1)first,second,third,last
2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally
3)thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast
4)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally
5)tostartwith,next,inaddition,/besides,lastbutnotleast
6)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand
7)foronething,foranotherthing
练习:
根据所给的主题句和提示,写好段落的扩展句
(1)主题句:
Howexcitedwewerewhenwelearned
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语 写作 训练