A Study on Functional Equivalence Theory功能对等下的英语习语翻译.docx
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A Study on Functional Equivalence Theory功能对等下的英语习语翻译.docx
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AStudyonFunctionalEquivalenceTheory功能对等下的英语习语翻译
湘潭大学兴湘学院毕业论文
题目:
功能对等理论视角下英语宗教习语汉译研究
Title:
AStudyonChineseTranslationofEnglishReligiousIdiomsunderthePerspectiveofFunctionalEquivalenceTheory
学院:
兴湘学院
专业:
英语
学号:
2010966305
姓名:
胡蓉
指导教师:
吴静芬(讲师)
完成日期:
2014-5-09
Contents
Abstract…………………………….........................................................................1
Introduction………………………….......................................................................2
1FunctionalEquivalenceTheory……………………………...........………..4
1.1FunctionalEquivalenceTheory............................................................................4
1.2StudiesinFunctionalEquivalenceTranslation...................................................6
2ReligiousIdioms………………………………………………........……….....10
2.1DefinitionofReligiousIdioms……………………………………….…..…....10
2.2FeaturesofReligiousIdioms……………………………………………….….10
2.3TheDifferencebetweenEnglishandChineseReligiousIdioms……………...12
3TranslationMethodsofEnglishReligiousIdioms…………….........15
3.1LiteralTranslation………………………………………..…….................…15
3.2FreeTranslation……………………………………………………...............153.3LiteralTranslationandFreeTranslation……………………………….....…...16
3.4LiteralTranslationandNoting…………………………………………..…….17
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………19
功能对等理论视角下英语宗教习语汉译研究
摘要:
本文从功能对等理论视角分析英语宗教习语的汉语翻译。
论文首先介绍了功能对等理论,并综述了中西方学者对功能对等理论的研究,然后分析了宗教习语的定义和特点,认为,英语宗教习语汉译应在功能对等理论的指导下选择直译、意译、直译意译相结合或直译加注的方法进行翻译。
这样翻译的宗教习语才能从语义到文体再现源语信息从而更好地传播异域文化。
关键词:
宗教习语;功能对等;翻译方法
AStudyonChineseTranslationofEnglishReligiousIdiomsunderthePerspectiveofFunctionalEquivalenceTheory
Abstract:
ThispaperanalyzestheChinesetranslationofEnglishreligiousidiomsfromtheperspectiveoffunctionalequivalencetheory.ItfirstlyintroducesthetheoryoffunctionalequivalenceandsummarizesthestudiesonthistheoryfromChineseandwesternscholars,andthenitanalyzesthedefinitionandfeaturesofreligiousidioms.ItholdsthattheChinesetranslationofEnglishidiomsshouldselectsuitabletranslationmethod,suchasliteraltranslation,freetranslation,literaltranslationandfreetranslation,orliteraltranslatingwithanotingundertheguidanceoffunctionalequivalencetheory.Sothat,thetranslationofreligiousidiomscanreproducethesourcelanguageinformationintermsofitsmeaninganditsstyle,andspreadtheforeignculture.
Keywords:
religiousidiom;functionalequivalence;translationalmethod
Introduction
ReligiousIdiomisoneoftheimportantcomponentsofbothChineseandEnglishlanguages.Itiscalledthecreamofthelanguageandformanimportantpartofthegeneralvocabularyofalanguage.OnecannaturallyfindagoodmanyreligiousidiomswhichareoriginatedfromthecharactersoreventsintheBibleasChristianity,thedominantreligioninEnglish-speakingcountries.Itisfrequentlyusedthatitisunavoidableforlearnerstolearnduringthelanguagestudyandfortranslatorstotranslateduringtheirdailyjob.ChineseandEnglishdon’tbelongtothesamelanguagefamily.BothChineseidiomsandEnglishidiomshavetheirowncharacteristics.ThiscomparisonwillbehelpfulforadeeperandcomprehensiveunderstandingofChineseandEnglishidiomsandthusitwillhelptranslatorstranslatethemcorrectly.
Inreligiousidiomtranslating,therearefourcommontranslatingmethodsthatcanbeimplementedaccordingtothecontextwiththeawarenessofallthefactorswhichmayaffectthecorrectnessoftranslation.Asthetheoreticalbasisforreligiousidiomtranslating,itisbelievedthatNida’sFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryissuitabletobeadopted.TheFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryiswidelyacceptedbytranslatorsandtheorists.Itsdevelopmentaswellasitssignificanceisdiscussedinchapter1.Whatisareligiousidiomandwhatareitsfeatureswillbediscussedinchapter2,aswellasthedifferencebetweenEnglishandChineseReligiousIdioms.Inchapter3,thefourtranslatingmethods------literaltranslation,freetranslation,literaltranslationandfreetranslation,literaltranslatingwithanoting,arediscussedindetailwithmanyexamples.
ItisconcludedthatbyimplementingFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryand,itispossibletotranslateEnglishreligiousidiomscorrectlywiththesuitabletranslatingmethod.Andagoodjobinreligiousidioms’translationissupposedtohaveathoroughunderstandingofculturaldifferencesandtocomprehensivelyutilizethemethodswithflexibility.Therearemanykindsofmethodstohelpthetranslationofreligiousidioms.Thetranslatorscanuseitaccordingtothedifferentsituations.Whatismore,thetranslatorshouldbefamiliarwiththelanguagecultureorthehistory.Itisveryhelpful.ThecorrectofEnglishreligiousidiomstranslationisrelatedtoexpresstherightmeaning.Whatevermethodsare,theyshouldfollowtheprincipleofNida’sFunctionalEquivalenceTheory,focusingontheequivalenteffect,whichmeansthattherelationshipbetweenthetargetreceptorandthemessageofthetargetlanguageshouldbethesameastherelationshipbetweentheoriginalreceptorandthemessageofthesourcelanguage.That’sthetarget.
1FunctionalEquivalenceTheory
ManytranslationscholarsandtheoristsbothinChinaandinthewesthavemadetheircontributionstotranslationtheory.Chinesescholars,suchasXuanZang,YanFu,LinYutangandFuLei,aswellaswesternscholars,suchasAlexanderFraserTytler,PeterNewmarkandEugeneA.Nida,havedonelotsofresearchonthissubjectanddevelopedtheirowntranslationtheories.EugeneANidadevelopedFunctionalEquivalenceTheory.Heisalsooneoftheleadingtheoristsofmoderntranslationtheory.Comparedwithmanyotherscholars’translationtheories,Nida’sFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryhasbeenwidelyacceptedandadoptedintranslatingpractice.
1.1FunctionalEquivalenceTheory
Nida’sDynamicEquivalenceTheoryhasbeenacceptedbytheBibletranslatorsinthe1950sandhasbeenverysuccessful.Lateritwasgiventhenameof“FunctionalEquivalenceTheory”
1.1.1TheDevelopmentofFunctionalEquivalenceTheory
“FunctionalEquivalence”wasfirstdevelopedfrom“DynamicEquivalence”whichhasbeenwidelyandsuccessfullyusedinBibletranslationsincethe1950s.In1970,NidawasappointedTranslatorsResearchCoordinatorintheUnitedBibleSociety.MostofthenewversionsofBibleallfollowprinciplesof“DynamicEquivalence”,puttingforwardbyNida.BecauseofthesuccessinBibletranslation,“DynamicEquivalence”haswontheacceptanceofmanyscholarsintranslationfield.In1969,Nidadefined“Dynamicequivalence”as“intermsofthedegreetowhichthereceptorsofthemessageinthereceptorlanguagerespondtoitinsubstantiallythesamemannerasthereceptorsinthesourcelanguage.”In1986,Nidachangedthetermof“Dynamicequivalence”to“FunctionalEquivalence”(E.A.Nida314).Buttheconceptofthetwotermsisnotmuchindifference.In“FunctionalEquivalence”,Nidaclassifiedthefunctionsoflanguageintoninetypes,whichareexpressivefunction,cognitivefunction,andinterpersonalfunction,andinformativefunction,imperativefunction,performativefunction,emotivefunction,aestheticfunctionandmultilingualfunction.Hehopedtoemphasizeonthe“communicativefunctionsoftranslating”byadopting“FunctionalEquivalence”.“FunctionalEquivalence”isfurtherdividedintotwolevels,theminimallevelandthemaximallevelonthebasisofbothcognitiveandexperimentalfactors.Therealisticdefinitionoftheminimallevelis“Thereadersofatranslatedtextshouldbeabletocomprehendittothepointthattheycanconceiveofhowtheoriginalreadersofthetextmusthaveunderstoodandappreciatedit.”Whiletherealisticdefinitionofthemaximallevelis“Thereadersofatranslatedtextshouldbeabletounderstandandappreciateitinessentiallythesamemannerastheoriginalreadersdid.”Asamatteroffact,theminimallevelispractical,sinceanytranslationbelowthislevelwillbeatotalfailure.Themaximallevelistooidealandhardtorealize,exceptfortheverysimpleandroutineinformation.Ingeneral,agoodtranslationisbetweenthetwoeightwhostated“theso-calledtranslationequivalencebetweentwolanguagesisneverreallyequivalent.”Sincethen,thisconcepthasbeenacceptedasthemostimportantprincipleinthetranslationstudy.However,itisnoteasytoachieve“equivalence”.
Jacobsonhassaidthat“equivalenceindifferenceisthefundamentalprobleminlanguageanditisalsothekeysubjectinlinguistics”.
ManyChineseandwesternscholarshavestudiedhowtoachieveexactequivalencebetweentheSLandtheTLandtherearealsomanyprinciplesofequivalence,whichwillbediscussedlaterinthischapter.
1.1.2TheSignificanceofFunctionalEquivalenceTheory
FunctionalEquivalenceTheoryisdifferentfrommostoftheearlytheoriesthatfocusedonthecomparisonbetweentheSLTandtheTLT.Usingthistheory,Nidahaspointedoutanewwaytoproduceanequivalenttranslation,whichtakestherelationshipofthereceptortothetextintoaccount.Itisbelievedthat“therelationshipoftheTLreceptorstotheTLtextshouldberoughlyequivalenttotherelationshipthatbetweentheoriginalreceptorsandtheoriginaltext.”ThesignificanceofNida’sFunctionalEquivalenceTheoryliesinthefollowingaspects.
“FunctionalEquivalenceTheory”showsthatthemostbasicfunctionoftranslationistoconductaninformationexchangebetweentwolanguages.Atranslationof“functionalequivalence”aimsatcompletenaturalnessofexpression.In1969,Nidamadeadefinitionoftranslation,whichi
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