英语英语阅读理解社会文化练习题及解析.docx
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英语英语阅读理解社会文化练习题及解析.docx
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英语英语阅读理解社会文化练习题及解析
(英语)英语阅读理解(社会文化)练习题及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1.阅读理解
InIndia,mostofthewomenwearareddotbetweentheireyebrows.Whileitisgenerallytakenasanindicatoroftheirmarital(婚姻的)status,thepracticeisprimarilyrelatedtotheHindu(印度教的)religion.ThedotgoesbydifferentnamesindifferentHindidialects,and“bindi"istheonethatismostcommonlyknown.Traditionally,thedotcarriesnogenderrestrictionMenaswellaswomenwearit.However,thetraditionofmenwearingithasfadedinrecenttimes,sonowadaysweseealotmorewomenthanmenwearingone.
Thepositionofthebindiisstandardcenteroftheforehead,closetotheeyebrows.Itrepresentsathird,orinnereye.HindutraditionholdsthatallpeoplehavethreeeyesThetwoouteronesareusedforseeingtheoutsideworld,andthethirdoneistheretofocusinwardtowardGod.Assuch,thedotmeanspiety(虔诚)andservesasaconstantremindertokeepGodinthefrontofabeliever'sthoughts.
Redisthetraditionalcolorofthedot.Itissaidthatinancienttimesamanwouldplaceadropofbloodbetweenhiswife'seyestosealtheirmarriage.AccordingtoHindubeliefs,thecolorredisbelievedtobringgoodfortunetothemarriedcouple.Today,peoplegowithdifferentcolorsdependingupontheirpreferences.Womenoftenweardotsthatmatchthecoloroftheirclothes.Decorativeofstickerbindiscomeinallsizes,colorsandvariations,andcanbewornbyyoungandold,marriedandunmarriedpeoplealike.Wearingabindihasbecomemoreofafashionstatementthanareligiouscustom.
(1)WhydidpeopleinIndiastartwearingareddotontheirforehead?
A.Tostresstheirfamilybackground.
B.Toindicatetheirsocialrank.
C.Toshowtheirreligiousbelief.
D.Todisplaytheirfinancialstatus.
(2)WhatisthefunctionofthethirdeyeinHindutradition?
A.Tohelptheothereyesseebetter.
B.Tolooktothedistance.
C.Toseetheoutsideworld.
D.TopayrespecttoGod.
(3)Whywasredchosenastheoriginalcolorofthebindi?
A.Theword"bindi"means"red"insomeHindidialects.
B.Redwasbelievedtobealuckycolorforhusbandandwife.
C.ThereddotrepresentedthebloodofGod.
D.Redstoodforawife'sloveforherhusband.
(4)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutbindistoday?
A.Bindisarenowusedtomakepeoplelookbetter.
B.Bindisarewornanywhereonthefacenow.
C.MostIndianwomendonotwearbindisanymore.
D.MorementhanwomenwearbindisinIndia.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)B
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点,这种做法主要与印度教有关,它代表的是第三只眼,可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。
现在眉心红点更多的是作为装饰品使用。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“InIndia,mostofthewomenwearareddotbetweentheireyebrows.Whileitisgenerallytakenasanindicatoroftheirmarital(婚姻的)status,thepracticeisprimarilyrelatedtotheHindu(印度教的)religion.”在印度,大多数女性的眉毛上都有一个红点。
虽然这通常被认为是他们婚姻状况的一个指标,但这种做法主要与印度教有关。
可知这种做法主要与印度教有关,所以印度人前额戴红点是展示他们的宗教信仰。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段可知,印度传统上认为人有第三只眼。
以及“Assuch,thedotservesasaconstantremindertokeepGodinthefrontofabeliever'sthoughts.”因此,点作为一个持续的提醒,以保持神在信徒的思想面前。
所以第三眼在印度教传统中的重要性是要尊重上帝。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“AccordingtoHindubeliefs,thecolorredisbelievedtobringgoodfortunetothemarriedcouple.”可知,根据印度教的信仰,红色被认为能为已婚的夫妇带来好运。
故选B。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Decorativeorstickerbindiscomeinallsizes,colorsandvariations,andcanbewornbyyoungandold,marriedandunmarriedpeoplealike.Wearingabindihasbecomemoreofafashionstatementthanareligiouscustom.”装饰物或贴纸贴纸有各种尺寸、颜色和变化,年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。
佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗,不如说是一种时尚宣言。
可知,眉心红点现在更多的被用作装饰品。
故选A.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Moscowcityauthoritieshavebegunusingcomics(漫画)withcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrants(移民)howtheyshouldbehave.Theysaya100-pageguideisneededto"keepapositiveimage"ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"tensions"betweennativesandmigrants.Butcriticshavepointedoutthatforeignmigrantsandnativesmayberegardedasantagonistsinthemanual(手册).
RussiansandmigrantshaverepeatedlyfloodedinMoscowrecently.Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasus(高加索)andNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapital'sjobopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries.AsignificantnumberofthemworkintheRussiancapitalillegally.
ThenewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe"dos"and"don'ts"tomigrants.Theyareurgednottocausetrouble,bystaringatwomen,oreatingortalkingloudlyonthestreets.Theyarealsowarnedthatthepolicemayroutinely(例行公事)stopthemtochecktheirdocuments.
Inthemanual,Russia'sfamous"threewarriors"aremeanttorepresentthecity'slawenforcementagencies(执法机关),whilePrinceYuriDolgoruky(ahistoricalcharacter)isusedfortoursaroundMoscow.Meanwhile,VasilisatheWiseandTheSnowMaidentestthereaderonRussia'slanguageandhistory.AspecialsectionofthebookexplainstheimportanceoffollowingMoscow'sstrictresidencyandemploymentrules,stressingthatmigrantscouldotherwisebedeported(驱逐出境)orbannedfromentry.
Themanualwaswrittenprimarilyforillegalmigrants,AlexanderKalinin,whoheadsthegroupSupportforWorkingMigrantsinMoscow,toldBBCRussian.
"Wewanttoraisetheirleveloflawawareness,"headded.
Migrantcharactershadinitially(最初)beenidentifiedasrepresentativesofdifferentnationalities,butthebook'sauthorslaterdecidedtodropthisideasoas"nottooffendanyone",saidMr.Kalinin.
"TheoldconflictbetweenRussianheroesandnon-Slavicinvadersisbeingrevived,"YevgenyVarshaver,amigrationexperttoldBBCRussian.Healsosuggestedthatthelanguageusedinthebookwouldbe"difficult"tounderstandforsomemigrantswhowerenotnativeRussianspeakers.
(1)Theunderlinedword"antagonists"inParagraph1canprobablybereplacedby"________".
A. friends
B. acquaintances
C. cooperators
D. opponents
(2)PeoplefromothercountriescometoMoscow"________".
A. tofindwell-paidjobs
B. tohaveanewlifestyle
C. toenjoythefineclimate
D. toexperienceanewculture
(3)Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout"________".
A. consequencesthemigrantsmaysuffer
B. thepurposeofpublishingthehandbook
C. themeasurestoattractforeignmigrants
D. charactersandtheirfunctionsinRussianfairytales
(4)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?
A. WaystohelpforeignmigrantstosettleinRussia
B. CharactersfromRussianfairytaleshavenewjobs
C. MoreandmoreforeignmigrantstoworkinMoscow
D. Moscowfairytalecomicstohelpmigrantsbehave
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了莫斯科当局用童话人物的漫画向移民解释行为规范。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第一段中的"Theysaya100-pageguideisneededto‘keepapositiveimage’ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"tensions"betweennativesandmigrants."可知,他们说需要一份100页的手册来保持城市的积极形象,并有助于缓解当地人和移民之间的紧张关系,但批评人士指出,手册中可能把外国移民和本国人视为敌手,由此可知画线词词义为“敌手、对手”,故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasus(高加索)andNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapital'sjobopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries."可知,很多移民涌入莫斯科是因为他们被莫斯科相对较高的工作机会和薪水所吸引,故选A。
(3)考查段落大意。
根据第三段中的"ThenewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe‘dos’and‘don'ts’tomigrants."可知,新的俄语手册试图向移民解释该做什么和不该做什么,由此可知本段主要是介绍出版新手册的目的,故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
通读全文,特别是根据第一段中的"Moscowcityauthoritieshavebegunusingcomics(漫画)withcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrants(移民)howtheyshouldbehave."可知,本文介绍了莫斯科当局用童话人物的漫画向移民解释行为规范,故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测,段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇社会类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行推理,归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解Welcometothe2017UKFestivalAwards
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(1)Whichphraseistheclosestinmeaningtotheund
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