最新高一英语阅读理解人生百味试题经典及解析.docx
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最新高一英语阅读理解人生百味试题经典及解析.docx
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最新高一英语阅读理解人生百味试题经典及解析
最新高一英语阅读理解(人生百味)试题经典及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类
1.阅读理解
In2015,amannamedNigelRichardsmemorized386,000wordsintheentireFrenchScrabbleDictionaryinjustnineweeks.However,hedoesnotspeakFrench.Richards'impressivefeatisausefulexampletoshowhowartificialintelligenceworks—realAI.BothofRichardandAItakeinmassiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyinacertainfield.
ThepotentialapplicationsforAIareextremelyexciting.BecauseAIcanoutperformhumansatroutinetasks—providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.
ButnoteveryjobwillbereplacedbyAI.Infact
fourtypesofjobsarenotatriskatall.First,therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.Second,thecomplex,strategicjobs—executives,diplomats,economists—gowellbeyondtheAIlimitationofsingle-fieldandBigData.Thentherearetheas-yet-unknownjobsthatwillbecreatedbyAI.
Areyouworriedthatthesethreetypesofjobswon'temployasmanypeopleasAIwillreplace?
Nottoworry,asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:
jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.Thesejobsrequirecompassion,trustandsympathy—whichAIdoesnothave.AndevenifAItriedtofakeit,nobodywouldwantarobottellingthemtheyhavecancer,orarobottobabysittheirchildren.
SotherewillstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.Thismustbetheresponsibilitynotjustofthegovernment,whichcanprovidefunds,butalsoofcorporationsandthosewhobenefitmost.
(1)Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph1?
A. Tointroducethetopic.
B. TomentionNigel'sfeat.
C. Tostresstheimportanceofgoodmemory.
D. TosuggesthumansgobeyondAIinmemory.
(2)Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"outperform"underlinedinparagraph2?
A. Besuperiorto
B. Beinferiorto
C. Besimilarto
D. Berelatedto
(3)Whichofthefollowingjobsisthemostlikelytobereplaced?
A. Thewriter.
B. Theshopassistant.
C. Thebabysitter.
D. Thepsychologist.
(4)WhichofthefollowingsuggestionscantheauthorgiveaboutjobreplacementofAI?
A. LimittheapplicationofAItoacertaindegree.
B. Getmoresupportfromthegovernment.
C. Applyforthedonationfromcompanies.
D. Upgradepeople'sprofessionalskillsallthetime.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)A
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,人工智能有取代人类工作的潜力,但是,并非所有工作都会被人工智能取代,有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。
因此,在人工智能时代人类仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段可知一个名叫奈杰尔·理查兹(NigelRichards)的人在短短九周内记住了《法国拼字游戏词典》中的386,000个单词。
但是,他不会说法语。
其展示了人工智能是如何工作的。
而后文主要与人工智能有关,由此推断作者写第一段的目的是引出人工智能这个话题。
故选A。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“BecauseAIcanoutperformhumansatroutinetasks—providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata”可知AI可以在日常任务中outperform人类(前提是该任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中;以及“itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.”可知从技术上讲,人工智能具有在未来大约15年里取代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能力。
结合下文推断人工智能能够具有取代人类的工作是因为AI在日常任务中表现超过了人类,划线词的意思是"胜过,超过",故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“First,therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.”可知四种类型的工作完全没有风险。
首先,有创造性的工作。
人工智能不可能像科学家,小说家和艺术家那样进行发明创造。
也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。
排除A;再根据第四段中的“asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:
jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.”可知需要情感的工作,例如老师,保姆和医生也不大可能被取代,因此排除C和D。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“SotherewillstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.”可知作者认为在AI时代仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。
进行培训是为了得到专业技能,由此推断作者会给出一直提升人们的专业技能的建议,故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Istoppedtowatchmylittlegirlbusyplayinginherroom.Inonehandwasaplasticphone;intheotheratoy.Ilistenedasshewasspeakingtohermake-believelittlefriendandI'llneverforgetthewordsshesaid,eventhoughitwasimagined.
Shesaid,"Suzie'sinthecornerbecauseshe'snotbeenverygood.Shedidn'tlistentoawordIsaidordothethingssheshould."InthecornerIsawherbabydollwelldressed.Itwasobviousthatshe'dbeenputtheretositaloneandthink.
Mydaughtercontinuedher"conversation",asIsatdownonthefloor.Shesaid,"I'mallfedupandIjustdon'tknowwhattodowithheranymore.ShecrieswheneverIhavetoworkandwantstoplaygamestoo.Shetriestohelpmewiththedishes,butherarmsjustcannotreach...Andshedoesn'tknowhowtofoldtowels.Idon'thavethetimetoteach.Ihavealotofworktodoandabighousetokeepclean.Idon'thavethetimetositandplay-don'tyouknowwhatImean?
"
AndthatdayIthoughtalotaboutmakingsomechangesinmylife,afterlisteningtoherinnocentwordswhichcutmelikeaknife.Ihadn'tbeenpayingenoughattentiontowhatIholdmostdear.I'dbeencaughtupinresponsibilitiesthatincreasedthroughouttheyears.
ButnowmyattitudehaschangedbecauseinmyheartIrealizethatI'veseentheworldinadifferentlightthroughmylittledarling'seyes.Soletthecobwebs(蜘蛛网)cutthecornersandthedustbunnyrabbitrulethefloor.I'mnotgoingtoworryaboutkeepingupwiththemanymore.
I'mgoingtofillthehousewithmemoriesofachildandhermother,forwehaveonlyonechildhoodandwewillnevergetanother.
(1)WhoisSuzie?
A.Thegirl'sphone.
B.Ababydoll.
C.Theauthor.
D.Thegirl'sfriend.
(2)Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhearingherlittlegirl'swords?
A.Interested.
B.Moved.
C.Uncomfortable.
D.Unbelievable.
(3)Thepassageleadsustobelievethat .
A.theauthorwantsherlittlegirltohaveahappychildhood.
B.theauthorhasbecomelazybecauseofherdaughter.
C.theauthorcaresnothingaboutherdaughter'shappiness.
D.thelittlegirldoesn'thatehermotheranymore.
(4)Whatmightbethebesttitle?
A.Howtodealwithmydaughter.
B.Mylovelydaughter.
C.Onlyonechildhood.
D.Aworldofchildren.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者通过和女儿相处的一件小事,有感而发,觉得童年只有一个,从而要让女儿过一个快乐的童年。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“‘Suzie'sinthecornerbecauseshe'snotbeenverygood.Shedidn'tlistentoawordIsaidordothethingssheshould.’InthecornerIsawherbabydollwelldressed.”Suzie在角落里以及作者看见她的洋娃娃穿得很好,可推知Suzie是作者女儿的布娃娃。
故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“AndthatdayIthoughtalotaboutmakingsomechangesinmylife,afterlisteningtoherinnocentwordswhichcutmelikeaknife.”可知,作者在听了她那些天真的话语后,就像被一把刀割了一样。
可推知,作者听到女儿的话语觉得“不适”。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“I'mgoingtofillthehousewithmemoriesofachildandhermother,forwehaveonlyonechildhoodandwewillnevergetanother”可知,作者想让她的女儿有一个快乐的童年。
故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文讲述了作者通过和女儿相处的一件小事,有感而发,觉得童年只有一个,从而要让女儿过一个快乐的童年故C项“Onlyonechildhood”符合题意。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
DidyouknowthatAlbertEinsteincouldnotspeakuntilhewasfouryearsold,andcouldnotreaduntilhewasseven?
Hisparentsandteachersworriedabouthismentalability.
Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,"Asacomposer(作曲家)heishopeless."Whatifthisyoungboyhadbelievedit?
WhenThomasEdisonwasayoungboy,histeacherssaidhewassostupidthathecouldneverlearnanything.Heoncesaid,"IrememberIusedtoneverbeabletogetalongatschool.Iwasalwaysatthefootofmyclass...MyfatherthoughtIwasstupid,andIalmostdecidedthatIwasastupidperson."WhatifyoungThomashadbelievedwhattheysaidabouthim?
Whenthesculptor(雕刻家)AugusteRodinwasyoung,hehaddifficultylearningtoreadandwrite.Today,wemaysayhehadalearningdisability.Hisfathersaidofhim,"Ihaveanidiot(白痴)forason."Hisuncleagreed."He'suneducable,"hesaid.WhatifRodinhaddoubtedhisability?
WaltDisneywasoncefiredbyanewspapereditorbecausehewasthoughttohaveno"goodideas".EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,"Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall."AndaneditortoldLouisaMayAlcottthatshewasunabletowriteanythingthatwouldhavepopularappeal.
Whatifthesepeoplehadlistenedandbecomediscouraged?
WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?
AsOscarLevantoncesaid,"It'snotwhatyouarebutwhatyoudon'tbecomethathurts."
Youhavegreatpotential.Whenyoubelieveinallyoucanbe,ratherthanallyoucannotbecome,youwillfindyourplaceonearth.
(1)Howmanysuccessfulpeoplearementionedasexamplesinthepassage?
A. Six
B. Seven
C. Eight
D. Nine.
(2)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRIGHT?
A. Whenhewasyoung,ThomasEdisonalwaysgotgoodgradesatschool.
B. LevantthoughtLouisaMayAlcottcouldn'twriteanypopularworks.
C. OnlyAugusteRodin'suncleregardedhimaboyoflearningability.
D. BothEnricoCarusoandBeethovenachievedtheirdreamsinmusic.
(3)What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence"He'suneducable"?
A. Hecan'tbetaught.
B. Heisveryclever.
C. Heisdifferent.
D. Heisalatesuccess.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A. WorkingHardforSuccess
B. HavingDreams
C. BelievinginYourself
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