作文范文之英语作文过渡词递进.docx
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作文范文之英语作文过渡词递进.docx
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作文范文之英语作文过渡词递进
英语作文过渡词递进
【篇一:
高考英语作文写作基础过渡词】
浅谈高考英语作文写作基础——过渡词及常用句型的使用众所周知,要写出清晰流畅的文章,需要把文章中各部分巧妙地连接在一起。
这样可使文章自然而别致,并能层层展开主题句,完整地表达中心思想。
而过渡词(transitionalwords)是连接这些部分的纽带。
过渡词是一种关系指引词,一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。
此外,代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。
过渡词能使文章启、承、转、合,融会贯通,连成一体。
一、过渡词的分类1.根据意思和作用的不同,过渡词可以分为以下十五类:
(1)表并列关系的过渡词:
and,also,aswell,aswellas,or,too,notonly…butalso,both…and,either…or,neither…nor
(2)表递进关系的过渡词:
besides,inaddition(加之,除……之外),moreover(此外,而且),what’smore,what’sworse
(3)表转折对比的过渡词:
but,however,yet,instead,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,although,differentfrom,despite,inpiteof,whereas,unlike,nevertheless,notonly…butalso,here…there,yearsago…today,this…that,theformer…thelatter,then…now,thefirst…whereasthesecond,once…now,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,some…others
(4)表原因的过渡词:
because,becauseof,since,as,for,nowthat,thanksto,dueto(由于)
(5)表结果的过渡词:
so,thus,therefore,asaresult,sothat,then,thereby,hence,so…that,such…that
(6)表条件的过渡词:
if,unless,onconditionthat,as/solongas
(7)表时间的过渡词:
when,while,after,before,until,assoonas,later,afterwards,soon,lately,recently,since,fromthenon,eventually,inthemeantime,then,suddenly,atthesametime,next,earlythismorning/year/century,afterawhile,inafewdays,now,presently,finally,atlast,allofasudden,formnowon,atpresent,immediately,themoment
(8)表特定的顺序关系的过渡词:
first,firstly,second,secondly,third,thirdly,aboveall,firstofall,then,next,finally,intheend,atlast,afterward(s)(后来),meanwhile(几乎同时),thereafter(在那以后),last,finally,eventually(终于)
(9)表换一种方式表达的过渡词:
inotherwords,thatistosay,toputitanotherway
(10)表进行举例说明的过渡词:
forinstance,forexample,like,suchas
(11)表陈述事实的过渡词:
infact,actually,asamatteroffact,totellyouthetruth
(12)表强调的过渡词:
certainly,indeed,aboveall,surely,mostimportant,infact,nodoubt,withoutanydoubt,truly,obviously
(13)表比较的过渡词:
like,unlike,inthesameway,similarly,similarto
(14表目的的过渡词forthisreason,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderto,soasto
(15)表总结的过渡词:
inaword(总之,简言之),ingeneral,inshort(总之),aboveall,afterall,generallyspeaking,tosumup,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary
2.文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成,在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。
“启”就是开头,“承”是承接,“转”是转折,“合”是综合或总结。
(1)用于“启”的过渡词语用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头:
speaking,atpresent,lately,currently,itisoftensaidthat…,astheproverbsays…,
itgoeswithoutsayingthat…,itisclear/obviousthat…,manypeopleoftenask…
(2)用于“承”的过渡词语表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中:
second,similarly,inaddition,besides,then,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,whatisworse,forexample,forinstance,certainly,surely,obviously,inotherwords,especially,particularly,inparticular,indeed,still,third,truly,infact,atthesametime,nodoubt,itistruethat…,everybodyknowsthat…,
itcanbeeasilyprovedthat…,noonecandenythat…thereasonwhy…isthat…,thereisnodoubtthat…,totake…foranexample(instance)…,weknowthat…,whatismoreseriousisthat…
(3)用于“转”的过渡词语用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩
展句中:
but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontrast,inanycase,atanyrate(无论如何),nevertheless(虽然如此),otherwise,or,orelse,while,whereas,but,despite,inspiteof...,yet,instead,idonotbelievethat…,
perhapsyou’llaskwhy…that’swhyifeelthat…
thismaybetrue,butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto…,
thoughweareinbasicagreementwith…,yetdifferenceswillbefound,
(4)用于“合”的过渡词语用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中:
inaword,ingeneral,inshort,aboveall,afterall,generallyspeaking,tosumup,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary,therefore,asaresult,aboveall,thus,afterall(毕竟),eventually,hence,inshort,inconclusion,inaword,insum(总之),onthewhole(就整体而言),tosumup
fromthispointofview…onaccountofthiswecanfindthat…
theresultisdependenton…thus,thisisthereasonwhywemust…
二、过渡词的应用
有的学生在作文中使用过多简单句,成了简单句堆砌;有的写复杂句时,动辄用so,and,then,but,or,however,yet等非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的,反而使句子结构松散、呆板。
为了避免这种现象,可以通过使用不同的过渡词,不仅能够丰富句型,而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚,意义更连贯。
例如:
1.学生习作
tvandwebsite
tvandwebsitearepopularmedia.theyhavesomethingincommon.bothofthemmakemoneyfromads.websitesalsohavedifferentsections.youmaychoosetheoneyouaremostinterestedin.
theyaredifferentinmanyways.movingpicturesareshownontvwithsoundandinterpretation.itmakesyoufeelthatyouarejustonthespot.theprogramschangeeveryday.professionaltvreportersdothereportfortv.
someinformationonwebsiteschangeallthetime.notallofitissoupdated.
everybodycanwritearticlesforwebsitesratherthanprofessionalreporter.
everymediumhasitsownfeatures.itishardtosaywhichisbetter.
这段文字用简单句表达,它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清,意思支离破碎。
如果使用过渡词,将单句与其前后合并,形成主次关系,就把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨。
修改后的文章:
tvandwebsite
bothtvandwebsitearepopularmedia.theyhavesomethingincommon.bothofthemmakemoneyfromads.similartotv,websitesalsohavedifferentsections,sothatyoumaychoosetheoneyouaremostinterestedin.
however,theyaredifferentinmanyways.aboveall,movingpicturesareshownontvwithsoundandinterpretation,whichmakesyoufeelasifyouarejustonthespot.then,theprogramschangeeverydayandprofessionaltvreportersdothereportfortv.unliketv,someinformationonwebsiteschangeallthetime,butnotallofitissoupdated.inaddition,everybodycanwritearticlesforwebsitesratherthanprofessionalreporter.
inaword,everymediumhasitsownfeatures,soitishardtosaywhichisbetter.修改后的文章用过渡词来衔接上下段
第一段第一句为:
bothtvandwebsitearepopularmedia.theyhavesomethingincommon.
第二段第一句为:
however,theyaredifferentinmanyways.
第三段第一句为:
inaword,everymediumhasitsownfeatures…
这篇短文每一段的第一句都是主题句,在每个主题句前使用both…and,however,inaword使全文有序地衔接起来。
如果在文章中再恰当使用其他的过渡词,会使文章增色很多。
三、常用句型的使用
1.那就是(说)…;亦即…
thatistosay,…
=thatis,…
=namely,…
例:
我们生活需有规律。
也就是说,早睡早起戒除烟酒。
weneedtolivearegularlife.thatis,wecankeepgoodhoursandrefrainfromsmokinganddrinkinginthedailyactivities.
2.(a)基于这个理由
…forthisreason…
(b)为了这个目的
…forthispurpose,…
例:
基于这个理由,我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。
forthisreason,ihavedecidedtotakepracticingmedicineasmyfuturecareer.
3.我们有理由相信…
wehavereasonstobelieve(that)子句
例:
我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
wehavereasonstobelievethatcorporalpunishmentshouldbestrictlyprohibited.
4.事实上
asamatteroffact,…
=infact,…
例:
事实上健康才是最重要。
asamatteroffact,itishealththatcounts.
5.(a)例如
【篇二:
英语高分作文常用过渡词语举例】
英语高分作文常用过渡词语举例
(一)文章及段落起始的过渡词语
1.tobeginwith,“首先”
例
(1)tobeginwith,i’dliketoexpressmygratitudetothosewhohavehelpedme.
例
(2)tobeginwith,smokingshouldbebannedinpublicareas.
2.generallyspeaking.“总体上讲”
例
(1)generallyspeaking,thosewhohaveknowledgearemorecapablethanthosewithoutknowledge.
例
(2)generallyspeaking,themoreyoupractice,themoreskillfullyyoucanwriteinenglish.
3.firstofall,“第一”、“首先”
例
(1)firstofall,doingexerciseeverydayisoftheutmostimportanceinkeepingfit.
例
(2)firstofall,manypeopleinremoteareasstillliveinpoverty.
4.inthefirstplace,“首先”
例
(1)inthefirstplace,shecanreadattherateof100wordsaminute.
例
(2)inthefirstplace,agricultureneedstobedevelopedquicklytofeedtheworldpopulation.
(二)文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语
1.therefore,thus,“因此”
例
(1)therefore,ittakeslongertimeandmoreenergytocommunicateinwrittenenglishthaninoralenglish.
例
(2)thus,takingmorningexercisesregularlymayreducethechancesofgettingsick.
2.inconclusion,“最后”
例
(1)inconclusion,theinternationalagreementshouldbemadetopreventtheworldfromthewar.
例
(2)inconclusion,universitiesshouldgivelargeramountofmoneytolibraries.
3.inbrief,inanutshell,“简言之”
例
(1)inbrief,birthcontrolisofvitalimportanceinchina.
例
(2)inanutshell,weshoulddevelopagoodhabitofstudy.
4.tosumup,“总而言之”
例
(1)tosumup,outofsight,outofmind.
例
(2)tosumup,equalitycontinuestobethegoaloftheworldwomen.
5.inaword,“总之”
例
(1)inaword,countrylifeismorebeneficialtocitylife.
例
(2)inaword,exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwaysfromothersofthesameage.
注:
要避免在这些短语之前用“so”!
(三)常见的表示先后次序的过渡词语
常用的表示先后次序的过渡词语有:
first,“第一”;second,“第二”;next,“其次”、“然后”;eventually,“最后”、“最终”;sincethen,“自此之后”;afterward,“以后”、“随后”;meanwhile,“同时”;therefore,“因而”;immediately,“立刻”。
例
(1)meanwhile,thebetterskillsandknowledgechildrenpossess,themoreopportunitiestheywillbeensured.
例
(2)afterward,theybegantoexaminemorecloselytheworkingofhumanmind.
例(3)theinvestmentenvironmenthasbeenimproved;therefore,jointventuresboostinthiscountry.
例(4)sincethen,thenolympicsturnedouttobeaninstrumentofpeaceandfreedomforsmallnations.
例(5)finally,thecountrymustnotagaingothroughthewar.
(四)常见的表示因果关系的过渡词语
常用的表示因果关系的过渡词语有:
accordingly,“于是”;forthisreason,“由于这个原因”;asaresult,“由……结果……”;inthisway,“这样”;consequently,“结果”、“因此”;so,“所以”;dueto,“由于……”;therefore,“因而”;becauseof,“因为”;thus,“这样”。
例
(1)thecomputercostalotofmoney,accordingly,itshouldperformperfectly.
例
(2)itrained,forthisreason,thegamewascancelled.
例(3)asaresultofhisgoodperformanceinthecollege,hewasgivenanexcellentjob.
例(4)duetothechange,avisittothefactoryhasbeencancelled.
例(5)thegovernmentwasunwillingtoriskaconflictwiththatcountry,andconsequently,promisedtosignthetreaty.
(五)常用的表示比较和对比的过渡词
常用的表示比较和对比的过渡词语有
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