高中英语句型归纳.ppt
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高中英语句型归纳.ppt
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高中英高中英语句型句型归纳1.bedoing/beabouttodo/haddone,when(when:
这时:
这时,强调一个强调一个动作的突然发生动作的突然发生)1).Iwaswalkingalongtheriver,whenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp.2).Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.3).Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang,announcingtheexamwasover.2.Itwas(not)+时间段时间段+before+一般过去时一般过去时过了一段时间就过了一段时间就.Itwill(not)be+时间段时间段+before+一般现在时一般现在时要过一段时间才会要过一段时间才会Itis/hasbeen+时间段时间段+since.Itwas+点时间点时间+when.Itwas+时间状语时间状语+that.(强调(强调句)句)1).Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不不久久他他就就意意识到到他他处境境危危险(动作作已已发生)生)2).Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.还有有半半年年你你才才从从这个个学学校校毕业(动作作未未发生)生)3).Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere.=helefthere.(since从从句句中中的的谓语动词若若是是延延续性性动词,要从要从这个个动作作结束的束的时候算起)候算起)4).Itwas3oclockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone.5)Itwasat3oclockthattheyreceivedthetelephone.3.no比较级比较级than:
A与与B都不都不/仅仅,只有仅仅,只有not比较级比较级than:
A不如不如B/不超过,至多不超过,至多morethan与其与其.倒不如倒不如(=notas/so.as)morethan=notonly不仅仅不仅仅.1).HeworksnoharderthanI.他和我都不用功他和我都不用功2).HedoesntworkharderthanI.他不如我用功他不如我用功3).Therearenomorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里屋里仅有七个人有七个人4).Therearenotmorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里至多有七个人5).Heismorediligentthanclever.与其说他聪明,倒不如说他勤奋Heisnotas/socleverasdiligent.6)Itismorelikeameetingthanlikeaparty.-Itisnotasapartyasameeting7).Mr.Zhangismorethanmyteacher,heisalsomybestfriend.张先生不仅仅是我的老师,他还是我的朋友4.once.一旦一旦.,表示时间和条件表示时间和条件1)Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained,youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework.2).Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething,youshouldfinishitanddoitwell.5.The+比较级比较级.,the+比较级比较级.越越,越越1)Themorebooksyouread,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.2)Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.6.asif/asthough.(表示与事实相(表示与事实相反,用虚拟;若表示即将成为事实或有反,用虚拟;若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实,则用陈述语气)可能成为事实,则用陈述语气)1).Hewasingreattrouble,butheactedasifnothinghadhappened.2).Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime,theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears3).Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.7.n./adj./adv./v.+as/though+主语主语+谓语,谓语,尽管尽管,.引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句1).ChildasIam,IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.2).Tryashemight,hecouldntsolvetheproblem.3).MuchasIrespecthim,Icantagreewithhisidea.8.whether.or.无无论是是.还是是.1).Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.2).Anyperson,whetheryoungorold,hashisownworth.9.疑疑问词+ever=nomatter+疑疑问词,引引导让步步状状语从从句句或或名名词性从句性从句1).Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)youlike,youcantakeitaway.(让步状步状语从句从句)Youcantakeawaywhichever(=anyonethat)youlike(名名词性从句性从句)2).Wheneveryoucomes,youwillbewelcome.(让步步状状语从句从句)3).Whateverhappens,Iwillsupportyou.(让步状步状语从句从句)4).Whoeverbreaksthelaw,hewillcertainlybepunished.(让步状步状语从句从句)Whoeverbreaksthelawwillcertainlybepunished.(名名词性从句性从句)5).Howevergreatthedifficultyis,wecanovercomeit.(让步状步状语从句从句)10.if/aslongas/solongas/providingthat/providedthat/supposingthat/onconditionthat假如假如.1).Iwilllendyoumoneyonconditionthatyoucanreturnitwithin3months.11.giventhat/consideringthat考虑到考虑到.,鉴于鉴于1).Givenherinterestinchildren/Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Imsureteachingistherightcareerforher.2).Consideringhisageandhisexperience,hehasdonewell.12.incasethat/incaseof.万一万一.,以防以防.1).Incaseoffire,pleasedial119atonce.2).IncasethatJohncomes/Johnshouldcome,tellhimtowait.13.祈使句祈使句+or/otherwise+结果句结果句或或祈使句祈使句+and+结果句结果句1).Stopdoingsuchfoolishthing,oryouwillbepunishedintime.2).Moreeffort,andtheproblemwouldhavebeensettled.3).Thinkitover,andyouwillfindtheanswer.14.so/such.that.引导结果状语从引导结果状语从句时须注意句时须注意1当名词前当名词前many,much,little,few有修饰有修饰时时,用用so不用不用such因为此时的中心词不再是因为此时的中心词不再是名词,而是名词,而是many,much,little,few这些表示这些表示数量的词。
数量的词。
1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarthattheyputonweighteasily.2).Therearesofewfishinthelakethatwecouldntfishthemeasily.2当名词是单数可数名词,前面又由当名词是单数可数名词,前面又由adj.修饰时,注修饰时,注意冠词的位置,即意冠词的位置,即so+adj+a(n)+n或或such+a(n)+adj.+n1).Heissuchanhonestperson/sohonestapersonthatyoucandependonhimwhenyouareintrouble.3当当so/such引导的部分位于句首时,主句要用部分引导的部分位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装结构倒装结构1).Suchgreatprogresshashemadeinhisstudiesthatwealladmirehim.4当主从句当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成即变成so/such.astodo结构。
结构。
1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarastoputonweighteasily.15.sothat引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句1sothat引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用(引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用(=inorderthat),当主从句主语一致时可转换为),当主从句主语一致时可转换为soastodo/inordertodo.1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothathecouldhearthenewsclearly.Heturneduptheradioalittlesoastohearthenewsclearly.2).Heclosedallthewindowswhiledrivingsothatheshouldntcatchcold.(否定句中情态动词用否定句中情态动词用shouldnt)2sothat引引导结果状果状语从句一般不与情从句一般不与情态动词连用用1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothatheheardthenewsclearly.16.cannever/cant与与too,toomuch,enough,over-搭配表示搭配表示“无论怎样无论怎样.都不过分都不过分”1).Whileyouaredoingyourhomework,youcantbecarefulenough.2).Heissuchagreatmanthatwecantpraisehimtoomuch.3).WilliamHartleywashandsome,determinedandhardworking,inaword,Icouldntspeaktoohighlyofhim.4).ThedevelopmentofsocietyhasmadeitnecessaryforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish,sowecantoveremphasizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.5).Sinceitisagoodthing,wecantdoittoosoon.17.不定式作主语,不定式作主语,it作形势主语作形势主语:
It+系动词系动词+adj./n.+forsb.todo(forsb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者表示动词不定式动作的执行者)It+系动词系动词+adj.+ofsb.todo(ofsb.既既表示动词不定式动作的执行者有表示人所具表示动词不定式动作的执行者有表示人所具备的性质或特征)备的性质或特征)1).ItsimportantforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.2).Howrudeofhimtotreatachildlikethat!
3).Itsthoughtfulofhimtofixusupforthenight.18.不定式作宾语,不定式作宾语,it作形势宾语作形势宾语:
主语主语+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+forsb./ofsb.+todo1).Ifeelitfoolishofhimtobelievesuchaman.2).Thetimelyrainhadmadeitpossibleforthecropstogrowwell.19.wont/canthavesb.doing/done不能容忍不能容忍某行为发生某行为发生1).Youaretoorude,andIwonthaveyouspeakingtoMotherlikethatagain.2).Wecanthaveanythingdoneagainsttheschoolrules.20.Itissaid/thought/hoped/believed.thatSb.issaid/thought/hoped/believedtodo.1).Itissaidthatheisstudyingabroad.-Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.2).ItisconsideredthatmanycountrieshighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworldspeace.ManycountriesisconsideredtohighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworldspeace.21.表示过去原打算干,却未曾实现的愿望、打算表示过去原打算干,却未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图或意图1hadhopedtodo=hopedtohavedone.。
类似的词还有:
类似的词还有:
expect,think,intend,design,plan,mean,suppose等等2wouldlike/prefer/lovetohavedone3was/weretohavedone4was/weresupposedtohavedone1).-Didyougotoseethefilm“Titanic”lastnight?
-Idliketohave,butIhadanunexpectedguest.2).Theplanewastohavetakeoffat7thismorning,butwasheldupbytheheavyfog.22.Howdidsbcometodo.?
=Howcomethat.为什么会为什么会./是怎么回事是怎么回事?
表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释解释1).Howdidyoucometofindoutwhereshesliving?
=Howcomethatyoufoundout.你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的?
2).Howcomethatyousatthere,doingnothing?
为什么坐在那儿什么也不干为什么坐在那儿什么也不干?
3).Howdidhecometobesofoolish?
23.Itis(not)likesb.todo.(.不)像不)像某人的所作所为某人的所作所为1).Itslikehimtoanswerforwhathehasdone.敢对自己的行为负责,这是他的一贯作风敢对自己的行为负责,这是他的一贯作风2).Itsnotlikehimtohavebeensorudetohismother.24.whenitcomesto.当谈到或涉及到当谈到或涉及到1).Heisamanoffewwords,butwhenitcomestoplayingcomputer,hewillbeexcitedandfullofenergy.2).Whenitcomestohelpinghiswifewiththehousework,Johnnevercomplains.25.everytime/eachtime/nexttime/thefirsttime/anytime等短语引导时间状语从句,表等短语引导时间状语从句,表示示“每当每当.,每次每次.,下次下次.”1).Everytimeyoumeetwithnewwordswhilereading,dontalwaysrefertoyourdictionary.Whenyoumeetwithnewwordseverytime.2)Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.3)Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.26.Thereis(no)needtodo./for.-Itis(not)necessaryforsb.todo.Thereis(no)hope/chance/possibilityofdoing.Thereis(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay(in)doing1).Isthereanychanceofus/ourwinningthematch?
2).Thereisnopointindiscussingtheproblemagain.27.Itisuptosb.todosth.应由某人来做应由某人来做某事某事.1)-Whenshallwestartout?
-Itsuptoyoutodecide.2).ItsuptoyoutobabysitmysonwhileIamawayonbusiness.28.beuptosth.忙于忙于.,从事从事.,胜胜任任.1).Johnisntreallyuptothatjob.约翰不约翰不适合干那项工作适合干那项工作2).Whathaveyoubeenuptorecently?
最近你一直在忙些什么最近你一直在忙些什么29.Itistimetodo/Itistimethat+主语主语+动词的动词的一般过去式一般过去式该是做该是做.的时候了的时候了Itistimethatweendedthediscussion.30.it强调句:
强调句:
1基本构成形式:
基本构成形式:
Itis/was+被强调部分被强调部分+who/that+原句剩余部分原句剩余部分e.g.:
Imethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.ItwasIwho/thatmethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调是我,不是别人强调是我,不是别人)Itwashimwho/thatImetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调我遇见的是他,不是别人强调我遇见的是他,不是别人)ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterdayafternoon.(强调是在大街上,强调是在大街上,不是在别的地方,强调的是地点,但不不是在别的地方,强调的是地点,但不用用where)ItwasyesterdayafternoonthatImethiminthestreet(强调是昨天下午,强调是昨天下午,不是在别的时候不是在别的时候,强调的是时间,但不强调的是时间,但不用用when)2强调句的一般疑问句:
强调句的一般疑问句:
Is/Wasit+被强调部分被强调部分+who/that+原句剩余部原句剩余部分分3强调句的特殊疑问句:
强调句的特殊疑问句:
What/When/Where/Who/Howis/wasit+who/that+原原句剩余部分句剩余部分1).Whowasitthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?
Tellmewhoitwasthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?
31.do,did,does用于强调谓语动词,加强语气用于强调谓语动词,加强语气1).Heisagoodstudent.Hedoesbeagoodstudent2).Hehelpedusyesterday.Hedidhelpusyesterday.3).Becareful!
Dobecareful!
32.Therebe句型:
句型:
1therebe之后如有几个并列主语,之后如有几个并列主语,be动词动词的选择要取决于第一个主语,即就近原则。
的选择要取决于第一个主语,即就近原则。
1).Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.-Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.2Therebe句型中,句型中,be动词还有其他变化形动词还有其他变化形式,常见的有:
式,常见的有:
Thereseemstobe,Therehappenstobe,Thereusedtobe,Thereislikelytobe,Therehavebeen/hasbeen等等1).Thereseems/appearstobemuchhopeofourteamwinningthematch.2).TherehappenedtobenobodyintheroomwhenIcamein.3).Therehavebeengreatchangesinmyhometownsince1978.4).Thereusedtobeabusstationatthecornerofthestreet.5).Therearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthanexpectedwhilewearecarryingouttheplan.3Therebe句型的独立主格结构作状语:
句型的独立主格结构作状语:
(有连词,用句子,没有连词,用独立结构)(有连词,用句子,没有连词,用独立结构)1).Therebeingnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.=Becausetherewerenobuses,wehadtowalkhome.2).Therehavingbeennorainforalongtime,thecropsinthefielddied.=Becausetherehadbeennorainforalongtime,thecropsinthefielddied.4Therebe句型的非谓语形式句型的非谓语形式:
1).Idontwanttheretobeanymisunderstandingbetweenus.2).Weexpecttheretobeachanceofstudyingabroad.3).Itisusualfortheretobeagenerationgapbetweenparentsandchildren.33.not/never.until直到.才1).Thevillagersdidntrealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver.=Itwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizedhowseriousthepollutionwas.(强调句)=Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.(倒装)34.notonly.but(also).1引导并列结构:
主语时,谓语动词与引导并列结构:
主语时,谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。
邻近的一个主语保持一致。
1).Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentshavetheireyese
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