ASTM D 638 Standard Test Method for Tensile Pro资料下载.pdf
- 文档编号:206040
- 上传时间:2023-04-28
- 格式:PDF
- 页数:16
- 大小:230.09KB
ASTM D 638 Standard Test Method for Tensile Pro资料下载.pdf
《ASTM D 638 Standard Test Method for Tensile Pro资料下载.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D 638 Standard Test Method for Tensile Pro资料下载.pdf(16页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
Designation:
@#@D63808StandardTestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPlastics1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD638;@#@thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.1.Scope*1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthetensilepropertiesofunreinforcedandreinforcedplasticsintheformofstandarddumbbell-shapedtestspecimenswhentestedunderdefinedconditionsofpretreatment,temperature,humidity,andtestingmachinespeed.1.2Thistestmethodcanbeusedfortestingmaterialsofanythicknessupto14mm(0.55in.).However,fortestingspecimensintheformofthinsheeting,includingfilmlessthan1.0mm(0.04in.)inthickness,TestMethodsD882isthepreferredtestmethod.Materialswithathicknessgreaterthan14mm(0.55in.)mustbereducedbymachining.1.3ThistestmethodincludestheoptionofdeterminingPoissonsratioatroomtemperature.NOTE1ThistestmethodandISO527-1aretechnicallyequivalent.NOTE2Thistestmethodisnotintendedtocoverprecisephysicalprocedures.Itisrecognizedthattheconstantrateofcrossheadmovementtypeoftestleavesmuchtobedesiredfromatheoreticalstandpoint,thatwidedifferencesmayexistbetweenrateofcrossheadmovementandrateofstrainbetweengagemarksonthespecimen,andthatthetestingspeedsspecifieddisguiseimportanteffectscharacteristicofmaterialsintheplasticstate.Further,itisrealizedthatvariationsinthethicknessesoftestspecimens,whicharepermittedbytheseprocedures,producevariationsinthesurface-volumeratiosofsuchspecimens,andthatthesevariationsmayinfluencethetestresults.Hence,wheredirectlycomparableresultsaredesired,allsamplesshouldbeofequalthickness.Specialadditionaltestsshouldbeusedwheremoreprecisephysicaldataareneeded.NOTE3Thistestmethodmaybeusedfortestingphenolicmoldedresinorlaminatedmaterials.However,wherethesematerialsareusedaselectricalinsulation,suchmaterialsshouldbetestedinaccordancewithTestMethodsD229andTestMethodD651.NOTE4Fortensilepropertiesofresin-matrixcompositesreinforcedwithorientedcontinuousordiscontinuoushighmodulus20-GPa3.03106-psi)fibers,testsshallbemadeinaccordancewithTestMethodD3039/D3039M.1.4Testdataobtainedbythistestmethodarerelevantandappropriateforuseinengineeringdesign.1.51.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:
@#@2D229TestMethodsforRigidSheetandPlateMaterialsUsedforElectricalInsulationD412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermo-plasticElastomersTensionD618PracticeforConditioningPlasticsforTestingD651MethodofTestforTensileStrengthofMoldedElectricalInsulatingMaterial3D882TestMethodforTensilePropertiesofThinPlasticSheetingD883TerminologyRelatingtoPlasticsD1822TestMethodforTensile-ImpactEnergytoBreakPlasticsandElectricalInsulatingMaterialsD3039/D3039MTestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPolymerMatrixCompositeMaterialsD4000ClassificationSystemforSpecifyingPlasticMate-rialsD4066ClassificationSystemforNylonInjectionandEx-trusionMaterials(PA)D5947TestMethodsforPhysicalDimensionsofSolidPlasticsSpecimensE4PracticesforForceVerificationofTestingMachinesE83PracticeforVerificationandClassificationofExten-someterSystemsE132TestMethodforPoissonsRatioatRoomTempera-tureE691PracticeforConductinganInterlaboratoryStudytoDeterminethePrecisionofaTestMethod1ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.10onMechanicalProperties.CurrenteditionapprovedApril1,2008.PublishedMay2008.Originallyapprovedin1941.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2003asD638-03.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatserviceastm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandardsDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3Withdrawn1*ASummaryofChangessectionappearsattheendofthisstandard.CopyrightASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.2.2ISOStandard:
@#@4ISO527-1DeterminationofTensileProperties3.Terminology3.1DefinitionsDefinitionsoftermsapplyingtothistestmethodappearinTerminologyD883andAnnexA2.4.SignificanceandUse4.1Thistestmethodisdesignedtoproducetensilepropertydataforthecontrolandspecificationofplasticmaterials.Thesedataarealsousefulforqualitativecharacterizationandforresearchanddevelopment.Formanymaterials,theremaybeaspecificationthatrequirestheuseofthistestmethod,butwithsomeproceduralmodificationsthattakeprecedencewhenadheringtothespecification.Therefore,itisadvisabletorefertothatmaterialspecificationbeforeusingthistestmethod.Table1inClassificationD4000liststheASTMmaterialsstandardsthatcurrentlyexist.4.2Tensilepropertiesmayvarywithspecimenpreparationandwithspeedandenvironmentoftesting.Consequently,whereprecisecomparativeresultsaredesired,thesefactorsmustbecarefullycontrolled.4.2.1Itisrealizedthatamaterialcannotbetestedwithoutalsotestingthemethodofpreparationofthatmaterial.Hence,whencomparativetestsofmaterialspersearedesired,thegreatestcaremustbeexercisedtoensurethatallsamplesarepreparedinexactlythesameway,unlessthetestistoincludetheeffectsofsamplepreparation.Similarly,forrefereepur-posesorcomparisonswithinanygivenseriesofspecimens,caremustbetakentosecurethemaximumdegreeofunifor-mityindetailsofpreparation,treatment,andhandling.4.3Tensilepropertiesmayprovideusefuldataforplasticsengineeringdesignpurposes.However,becauseofthehighdegreeofsensitivityexhibitedbymanyplasticstorateofstrainingandenvironmentalconditions,dataobtainedbythistestmethodcannotbeconsideredvalidforapplicationsinvolv-ingload-timescalesorenvironmentswidelydifferentfromthoseofthistestmethod.Incasesofsuchdissimilarity,noreliableestimationofthelimitofusefulnesscanbemadeformostplastics.Thissensitivitytorateofstrainingandenviron-mentnecessitatestestingoverabroadload-timescale(includ-ingimpactandcreep)andrangeofenvironmentalconditionsiftensilepropertiesaretosufficeforengineeringdesignpur-poses.NOTE5Sincetheexistenceofatrueelasticlimitinplastics(asinmanyotherorganicmaterialsandinmanymetals)isdebatable,theproprietyofapplyingtheterm“elasticmodulus”initsquoted,generallyaccepteddefinitiontodescribethe“stiffness”or“rigidity”ofaplastichasbeenseriouslyquestioned.Theexactstress-straincharacteristicsofplasticmaterialsarehighlydependentonsuchfactorsasrateofapplicationofstress,temperature,previoushistoryofspecimen,etc.However,stress-straincurvesforplastics,determinedasdescribedinthistestmethod,almostalwaysshowalinearregionatlowstresses,andastraightlinedrawntangenttothisportionofthecurvepermitscalculationofanelasticmodulusoftheusuallydefinedtype.Suchaconstantisusefulifitsarbitrarynatureanddependenceontime,temperature,andsimilarfactorsarerealized.5.Apparatus5.1TestingMachineAtestingmachineoftheconstant-rate-of-crosshead-movementtypeandcomprisingessentiallythefollowing:
@#@5.1.1FixedMemberAfixedoressentiallystationarymembercarryingonegrip.5.1.2MovableMemberAmovablemembercarryingasecondgrip.5.1.3GripsGripsforholdingthetestspecimenbetweenthefixedmemberandthemovablememberofthetestingmachinecanbeeitherthefixedorself-aligningtype.5.1.3.1Fixedgripsarerigidlyattachedtothefixedandmovablemembersofthetestingmachine.Whenthistypeofgripisusedextremecareshouldbetakentoensurethatthetestspecimenisinsertedandclampedsothatthelongaxisofthetestspecimencoincideswiththedirectionofpullthroughthecenterlineofthegripassembly.5.1.3.2Self-aligninggripsareattachedtothefixedandmovablemembersofthetestingmachineinsuchamannerthattheywillmovefreelyintoalignmentassoonasanyloadisappliedsothatthelongaxisofthetestspecimenwillcoincidewiththedirectionoftheappliedpullthroughthecenterlineofthegripassembly.Thespecimensshouldbealignedasper-fectlyaspossiblewiththedirectionofpullsothatnorotarymotionthatmayinduceslippagewilloccurinthegrips;@#@thereisalimittotheamountofmisalignmentself-aligninggripswillaccommodate.5.1.3.3Thetestspecimenshallbeheldinsuchawaythatslippagerelativetothegripsispreventedinsofaraspossible.Gripsurfacesthataredeeplyscoredorserratedwithapatternsimilartothoseofacoarsesingle-cutfile,serrationsabout2.4mm(0.09in.)apartandabout1.6mm(0.06in.)deep,havebeenfoundsatisfactoryformostthermoplastics.Finerserra-tionshavebeenfoundtobemoresatisfactoryforharderplastics,suchasthethermosettingmaterials.Theserrationsshouldbekeptcleanandsharp.Breakinginthegripsmayoccurattimes,evenwhendeepserrationsorabradedspecimensurfacesareused;@#@othertechniquesmustbeusedinthesecases.Othertechniquesthathavebeenfounduseful,particularlywithsmooth-facedgrips,areabradingthatportionofthesurfaceofthespec
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- ASTM 638 Standard Test Method for Tensile Pro
链接地址:https://www.bingdoc.com/p-206040.html