John Lennon.docx
- 文档编号:2330518
- 上传时间:2023-05-03
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:32
- 大小:44.44KB
John Lennon.docx
《John Lennon.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《John Lennon.docx(32页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
JohnLennon
JohnLennon
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia
ThisarticleisabouttheBeatlesmember.Forotheruses,seeJohnLennon(disambiguation).
"Lennon"redirectshere.Forotheruses,seeLennon(disambiguation).
JohnLennon
MBE
JohnLennonpeace.jpg
JohnLennon,1969
BornJohnWinstonLennon
9October1940
Liverpool,England
Died8December1980(aged40)
NewYorkCity,UnitedStates
CauseofdeathMurderbyshooting
Occupation
Singersongwriterrecordproducerartistwriteractivist
Yearsactive1957–75,1980
Spouse(s)
CynthiaPowell(m.1962–68)
YokoOno(m.1969–80)
Children
JulianLennon
SeanLennon
Website
Musicalcareer
Genres
Rockpopexperimental
Instruments
Vocalsguitarpianoharmonica
Labels
ParlophoneCapitolAppleGeffenPolydor
Associatedacts
TheQuarrymenTheBeatlesPlasticOnoBandHarryNilssonTheDirtyMacYokoOnoDavidBowieEltonJohn
Notableinstruments
Rickenbacker325
EpiphoneCasino
GibsonJ-160E
Mellotron
Signature
FirmadeJohnLennon.svg
JohnWinstonOnoLennonMBE(bornJohnWinstonLennon;9October1940–8December1980)wasanEnglishsingerandsongwriterwhorosetoworldwidefameasaco-founderofthebandtheBeatles,themostcommerciallysuccessfulbandinthehistoryofpopularmusic.WithfellowmemberPaulMcCartney,heformedacelebratedsongwritingpartnership.
BornandraisedinLiverpool,asateenagerLennonbecameinvolvedintheskifflecraze;hisfirstband,theQuarrymen,evolvedintotheBeatlesin1960.Whenthegroupdisbandedin1970,LennonembarkedonasolocareerthatproducedthecriticallyacclaimedalbumsJohnLennon/PlasticOnoBandandImagine,andiconicsongssuchas"GivePeaceaChance","WorkingClassHero",and"Imagine".AfterhismarriagetoYokoOnoin1969,hechangedhisnametoJohnOnoLennon.Lennondisengagedhimselffromthemusicbusinessin1975toraisehisinfantsonSean,butre-emergedwithOnoin1980withthenewalbumDoubleFantasy.Hewasmurderedthreeweeksafteritsrelease.
Lennonrevealedarebelliousnatureandacerbicwitinhismusic,writing,drawings,onfilmandininterviews.Controversialthroughhispoliticalandpeaceactivism,hemovedtoManhattanin1971,wherehiscriticismoftheVietnamWarresultedinalengthyattemptbyRichardNixon'sadministrationtodeporthim,whilesomeofhissongswereadoptedasanthemsbytheanti-warmovementandthelargercounterculture.
Asof2012,Lennon'ssoloalbumsalesintheUnitedStatesexceeded14millionand,aswriter,co-writer,orperformer,heisresponsiblefor25number-onesinglesontheUSHot100chart.In2002,aBBCpollonthe100GreatestBritonsvotedhimeighthand,in2008,RollingStonerankedhimthefifth-greatestsingerofalltime.HewasposthumouslyinductedintotheSongwritersHallofFamein1987andintotheRockandRollHallofFametwice,asamemberoftheBeatlesin1988andasasoloartistin1994.[1]
Contents[hide]
1Biography
1.11940–57:
Earlyyears
1.21957–70:
TheQuarrymentotheBeatles
1.2.11957–66:
Formation,commercialbreak-outandtouringyears
1.2.21967–70:
Studioyears,break-upandsolowork
1.31970–80:
Solocareer
1.3.11970–72:
Initialsolosuccessandactivism
1.3.21973–75:
"Lostweekend"
1.3.31975–80:
Retirementandreturn
1.48December1980:
Death
2Personalrelationships
2.1CynthiaLennon
2.2BrianEpstein
2.3JulianLennon
2.4YokoOno
2.5MayPang
2.6SeanLennon
2.7FormerBeatles
3Politicalactivism
3.1Deportationattempt
3.2FBIsurveillanceanddeclassifieddocuments
4Writingandart
5Musicianship
5.1Instrumentsplayed
5.2Vocalstyle
6Legacy
6.1Awardsandsales
7Discography
8Filmography
8.1Film
8.2Television
9Bibliography
10Seealso
11Notes
12Citations
13Sources
14Externallinks
Biography
1940–57:
Earlyyears
Lennonwasborninwar-timeEngland,on9October1940atLiverpoolMaternityHospitaltoJulia(néeStanley)andAlfredLennon,amerchantseamanofIrishdescent,whowasawayatthetimeofhisson'sbirth.[2]HisparentsnamedhimJohnWinstonLennonafterhispaternalgrandfather,John"Jack"Lennon,andthen-PrimeMinisterWinstonChurchill.[3]Hisfatherwasoftenawayfromhomebutsentregularpaychequesto9NewcastleRoad,Liverpool,whereLennonlivedwithhismother;[4]thechequesstoppedwhenhewentabsentwithoutleaveinFebruary1944.[5][6]Whenheeventuallycamehomesixmonthslater,heofferedtolookafterthefamily,butJulia—bythenpregnantwithanotherman'schild—rejectedtheidea.[7]Afterhersister,MimiSmith,twicecomplainedtoLiverpool'sSocialServices,JuliahandedthecareofLennonovertoher.InJuly1946Lennon'sfathervisitedSmithandtookhissontoBlackpool,secretlyintendingtoemigratetoNewZealandwithhim.[8]Juliafollowedthem—withherpartneratthetime,'Bobby'Dykins—andafteraheatedargumenthisfatherforcedthefive-year-oldtochoosebetweenthem.Lennontwicechosehisfather,butashismotherwalkedaway,hebegantocryandfollowedher.[9]Itwouldbe20yearsbeforehehadcontactwithhisfatheragain.[10]
Agreytwo-storybuilding,withnumerouswindowsvisibleonbothlevels
251MenloveAvenue,whereLennonlivedformostofhischildhood
Throughouttherestofhischildhoodandadolescencehelivedwithhisauntanduncle,MimiandGeorgeSmith,whohadnochildrenoftheirown,atMendips,251MenloveAvenue,Woolton.[11]Hisauntpurchasedvolumesofshortstoriesforhim,andhisuncle,adairymanathisfamily'sfarm,boughthimamouthorganandengagedhiminsolvingcrosswordpuzzles.[12]JuliavisitedMendipsonaregularbasis,andwhenJohnwas11yearsoldheoftenvisitedherat1BlomfieldRoad,Liverpool,wheresheplayedhimElvisPresleyrecords,taughthimthebanjo,andshowedhimhowtoplay"Ain'tThataShame"byFatsDomino.[13]InSeptember1980,Lennoncommentedabouthisfamilyandhisrebelliousnature:
Partofmewouldliketobeacceptedbyallfacetsofsocietyandnotbethisloudmouthedlunaticpoet/musician.ButIcannotbewhatIamnot...Iwastheonewhoalltheotherboys'parents—includingPaul'sfather—wouldsay,'Keepawayfromhim'...TheparentsinstinctivelyrecognisedIwasatroublemaker,meaningIdidnotconformandIwouldinfluencetheirchildren,whichIdid.Ididmybesttodisrupteveryfriend'shome...PartlyoutofenvythatIdidn'thavethisso-calledhome...butIdid...Therewerefivewomenthatweremyfamily.Fivestrong,intelligent,beautifulwomen,fivesisters.Onehappenedtobemymother.[She]justcouldn'tdealwithlife.Shewastheyoungestandshehadahusbandwhoranawaytoseaandthewarwasonandshecouldn'tcopewithme,andIendeduplivingwithhereldersister.Nowthosewomenwerefantastic...Andthatwasmyfirstfeministeducation...Iwouldinfiltratetheotherboysminds.Icouldsay,"ParentsarenotgodsbecauseIdon'tlivewithmineand,therefore,Iknow.'[14]
Heregularlyvisitedhiscousin,StanleyParkes,wholivedinFleetwood.SevenyearsLennon'ssenior,Parkestookhimontripsandtolocalcinemas.[15]Duringtheschoolholidays,ParkesoftenvisitedLennonwithLeilaHarvey,anothercousin,oftentravellingtoBlackpooltwoorthreetimesaweektowatchshows.TheywouldvisittheBlackpoolTowerCircusandseeartistssuchasDickieValentine,ArthurAskey,MaxBygravesandJoeLoss,withParkesrecallingthatLennonparticularlylikedGeorgeFormby.[16]AfterParkes'sfamilymovedtoScotland,thethreecousinsoftenspenttheirschoolholidaystogetherthere.Parkesrecalled,"John,cousinLeilaandIwereveryclose.FromEdinburghwewoulddriveuptothefamilycroftatDurness,whichwasfromaboutthetimeJohnwasnineyearsolduntilhewasabout16."[17]Hewas14yearsoldwhenhisuncleGeorgediedofaliverhaemorrhageon5June1955(aged52).[18]
LennonwasraisedasanAnglicanandattendedDovedalePrimarySchool.[19]FromSeptember1952to1957,afterpassinghisEleven-Plusexam,heattendedQuarryBankHighSchoolinLiverpool,andwasdescribedbyHarveyatthetimeas,"Ahappy-go-lucky,good-humoured,easygoing,livelylad."[20]Heoftendrewcomicalcartoonswhichappearedinhisownself-madeschoolmagazinecalledTheDailyHowl,[21]butdespitehisartistictalent,hisschoolreportsweredamning:
"Certainlyontheroadtofailure...hopeless...ratheraclowninclass...wastingotherpupils'time."[22]
Hismotherboughthimhisfirstguitarin1956,aninexpensiveGallotoneChampionacousticforwhichshe"lent"hersonfivepoundsandtenshillingsontheconditionthattheguitarbedeliveredtoherownhouse,andnotMimi's,knowingwellthathersisterwasnotsupportiveofherson'smusicalaspirations.[23]AsMimiwasscepticalofhisclaimthathewouldbefamousoneday,shehopedhewouldgrowboredwithmusic,oftentellinghim,"Theguitar'sallverywell,John,butyou'llnevermakealivingoutofit".[24]On15July1958,whenLennonwas17yearsold,hismother,walkinghomeaftervisitingtheSmiths'house,wasstruckbyacarandkilled.[25]
LennonfailedallhisGCEO-levelexaminations,andwasacceptedintotheLiverpoolCollegeofArtonlyafterhisauntandheadmasterintervened.[26]Onceatthecollege,hestartedwearingTeddyBoyclothesandacquiredareputationfordisruptingclassesandridiculingteachers.Asaresult,hewasexcludedfromthepaintingclass,thenthegraphicartscourse,andwasthreatenedwithexpulsionforhisbehaviour,whichincludedsittingonanudemodel'slapduringalifedrawingclass.[27]Hefailedanannualexam,despitehelpfromfellowstudentandfuturewifeCynthiaPowell,andwas"thrownoutofthecollegebeforehisfinalyear."[28]
1957–70:
TheQuarrymentotheBea
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- John Lennon