《死囚168小时》之法律与信仰的对抗英文版.docx
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《死囚168小时》之法律与信仰的对抗英文版.docx
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《死囚168小时》之法律与信仰的对抗英文版
《死囚168小时》之法律与信仰的对抗
摘要
法律是法的形式的统称,其地位仅次于宪法。
它是由国家立法机关制定,由国家政权保证执行,公民必须遵守的行为规则。
法律规定人民群众在社会生活中可进行的事务和不可进行的事务。
信仰,亦指对某种思想或宗教及对某人某物的信奉敬仰。
信仰是个人的意识行为,是心灵的主观产物。
在现实生活中,每个人都有属于自己的信仰,同样,每个人的主观意念与想法都有所不同,这时便会产生心灵上的矛盾冲突,从而做出一些违背法律道德的事。
影片《死囚漫步》是对修女海伦的故事进行了真实的改编,讲述了她对即将面临死刑的马修进行了彻底的心灵忏悔,使他能够从心灵深处意识到自己的错误,最终平静的走向死亡。
在他人看来,修女海伦不仅没有对受害者表示同情,而是去耐心倾听一个罪人的说辞,这并不符合常人的思维。
或许正是海伦的理解与倾听,使得马修体会到了生前从未有过的幸福与善良,在他有限的时间里,体会到了内心深处的忏悔与自责。
Ⅰ.Introduction
DeadManWalkingisafeaturefilmdirectedbyTimRobbins.ItwasreleasedintheUnitedStatesonDecember29,1995.Inadesperateattempttogetoutofthebible,Matthew,acondemnedman,wrotetotheorphanageaskingforakindhearing.SisterHelen,sympathetictothedespairinhiswritings,visitedMatthewandbecamehiscounselor.Helenmakeseveryefforttohelphimfindalawyer,applyforhearing,appealandpolygraph,andMatthewusesherkindnesstocreateanopportunitytoappeal,allthechargestothepartner.However,intheprocessofcontactingMatthew,Heleninevitablymeetsthevictim,theparentsofthetwoteenagelovers,whoaresufferingfromthelossoftheirchildren,farmorethanMatthewhimself,andevenMatthew'smother,awomanwholovesherchild,herpainmaybedeeperthanthesonofadeathrowinmate.ThreefamiliesfaceabreakdownandHelen'sownlifeisdisrupted.Peoplequestionedwhyshehadleftbehindamoredeservingcommunitychildtohelpamanondeathrowforaheinouscrime.Heleninconfusionandfeardidnotgiveup,herpatientlisteningandconcentrationoftheeyeshasbeenlivingintheextremethoughtsofMatthewunprecedentedkindness.Whendeathcomes,Matthewfinallygetsa"human"heart.Headmittedhisguilt,apologizedtothevictims'familiesandlefttheworldpeacefullyandwithdignity.
Inthiscase,whensisterHelentreatedMatthew,sheheldthevaluesofrespect,acceptance,individualizationandjustice.HeleninthefaceofeveryonetokillthedeathoftheprisonersMatthew,shetorespectMatthew,Matthewwillberegardedasa"childofgod",Matthewaccepted,helpMatthewfindalawyer,tohelphimappeal.EventhoughMatthewhasviolentthoughtsandisfullofhatred,hedoesnottrustanyone,andheisfarawayfromothers.Heonceexpressedhisadmirationforothersandwantedtojoinaterroristorganization.Helenalsoinfluencedhimandactivelyhelpedhim.Evenifcan'thelpMatthewfromthedeathpenalty,butalsoletMatthewtoownuptohiscrime,helpMatthewtogod'sredemption.WhenHelenknewthetruthofrape,murdercasestillloveMatthew,Matthewintheexecution,keptreadingforMatthewrecitingBuddhisttexts.SisterHelenisMatthew'sspiritualadviser,helpingMatthewtorealizeself-reflection,expressremorseforhiscrime,andfinallyrealizeself-redemption.
Ⅱ.TheCurrentSituationandThePotentialSignificanceoftheLegalSystem
2.1TheCurrentSituationoftheDeathPenaltySystem
Deathpenaltyisoneoftheimportantconceptsincriminaljurisprudence,anditalsoexistsinthecriminallawsystemofvariouscountriesasakindofpenalty.Becauseofthepreciousnessoflifeandnon-renewablenature,deathpenaltybecomesthemostseverepenaltymethodinthepenaltysystem,soitisalsocalledcapitalpunishment.Theprisonersinvolvedinthismethodofdeprivationoflifehaveusuallycommittedseriouscrimeslocally.Althoughthedefinitionofthis"seriouscrime"isoftencontroversial,incountrieswherethedeathpenaltyiscurrentlypracticed,"murder"is,ingeneral,oneofthemostimportantreasonsforthedeathpenalty.
As for the death penalty system, it should be said that policy, legislation and justice are the trinity, policy is the soul and the commander in chief, legislation is the body under the commander of the soul, and justice is the body under the commander of the soul. The three factors together determine the final trend of a country's death penalty system. The national death penalty legislation is one of the main Windows to investigate the death penalty policy of a country.China's criminal law is formulated under the leadership of the party, and our legislation on death penalty will undoubtedly be subject to China's death penalty policy. Therefore, it is of practical significance for us to understand China's death penalty policy by clarifying the arguments of party and state leaders on the issue of death penalty.
ThePeople'sRepublicofChinacarriesouttheworld'slargestnumberofexecutions,buttheexactnumbercarriedouteachyearhasneverbeenpubliclyreleasedorofficiallyverifiedasasecret.Ofcourse,China'sdeathpenaltysystemisafairandjustpunishmentforcriminalsthroughcertainmeansofevidenceandinformationcollection,thusservingasawarningtothepeopleandpromotingthesounddevelopmentofthecountry'seconomyandsociety.
2.2ThePotentialSignificanceoftheDeathPenaltySystem
The purpose of execution in ancient China is similar to that in modern times, which is to punish evil and put an end to undesirable social phenomena and individual cases. But the ancient execution was more for the purpose of making an example of others, warning the behavior of the people, for the consolidation of the imperial power to provide a favorable foundation. Now, we edit laws, strive for perfection, and tend to regulate people's behavior, improve the ideological and moral level of citizens, make the country more beautiful and peaceful, make the political system more clear, and improve policy management. This is a manifestation of China's unremitting pursuit of the benign development of mass integration, which is more humanistic and social-cultural progressive than the simple centralized rule in ancient times.
The death penalty system and policies of every country are different, and different death penalty systems imply the specific cultural and political background of a country. Although they differ in nature, a strict system is an important prerequisite for ensuring a country's social stability.Althoughstrictlegalsystemwillpreventtheoccurrenceofadverseevents,butifthereisnoevidencetoprovethataperson'scrimethoroughly,oftencanproducehuge,moreover,ifonlytopunishapersoncommittingcrimes,withthedeathpenaltytobeartheconsequencesofnotstartingfromtheroot,thepunishmentismeaningless.Intheonly168hoursleftinthefilm,Matthew,thecondemnedman,canrecognizehiscrimeandreflectonhisfaultfromthebottomofhisheartthroughpatientcommunicationwithHelen.SoitmakesmoresenseforMatthewandhisvictims’families.
In thecontemporarysociety,there are a lot of harsh laws like the death penalty system, people tend to focus more on punishment for someone special, while ignoring the real teaching, his heart is really not violate laws, but his own heart, only starting from the essence, can make people realize that kind of guilty of doing something wrong.
Ⅲ.TheConfrontationbetweentheLawandFaith
3.1TheSourceofCrime
"Richkidshaveneverbeensentencedtodeath."Indeed,inmanyofthemovieswe'veseen,acompetentlawyerislikelytodecidetheoutcomeofalawsuit,andtheoutcomeislikelytobemadeupofmoney.Indeathrowwalk,themastermindwhocommittedthecrimewithMatthewwassparedthedeathpenalty.Thedifferencewasduetothedifferenceofeconomicconditions.Matthew'sdefenselawyerwasonlyagovernment-appointedtaxlawyeratthattime.Ifeltthatheshouldnotbecondemnedtodeath.Atthesametime,Ifeltangryatthediscriminationofthesocietyandtheignoranceoftruthandhumannature.Thedecisionofthecaseisnotbasedontheevidence,butdependsonthelawyer,dependsonthemoney,thisisaloopholeinthelegalsystem,isalsoasadsocietyundertheruleoflaw.Helen,theheroineofthefilm,didnotlookatMatthew'scrimefromadifferentperspective.ShebelievedthatMatthewwasalsoamanwithfeelings.Heshouldhaveahappyfamily,withcleverchildrentoaccompanyhimandakindwifetotakecareofhim.Atthismoment,Helendidnotcarethathewasamurderer.Hewasalsoamanofvalue,familyandmeaning.
ThesecondreasonthatpromptedMatthewtocommitthecrimewastheenvironmentinwhichhewasraised,andtheformationofhischaracterwasinseparablefromtheenvironmentinwhichhelived.Whenhewas14yearsold,hisfatherdied.Heworkedinpoorareasforalongtime.Hewasestrangedfromhiswife.Eachpainfulexperiencegraduallyaccumulatedinhisheart,suchmisfortuneandsufferinggraduallymadeMatthewloseconfidenceinlife,andhisheartwasdistortedbythelackofsecurityandlovefromchildhood.Therefore,hewouldhavenegativeemotions,andhewouldreleasehispainanddissatisfactionbykillingothers,andtakerevengeonothersforhisworld-weariness,soastoachieveapsychologicalbalance.
3.2ThePowerofReligion
Theidentityofthefilm'sheroineHelenisanun,ayoungchild,shewouldmarrygodvoluntarily,engagedinprayer,andtoassistinmissionarypriest,ofcourse,asanun'sidentitymustbeuniquegoods,stunning,uniquemeaning,forgod'sdedication,itisareligiousbelief,promptedhertohelpMatthew,understandingisprisoner.HelentoldMatthewthathewasachildofgod.ShegaveherreligiousbelieftoMatthewandfinallyopenedthelastlineofpsychologicaldefensebeforehisexecution.Shebravelyadmittedhercrimesandwaswillingtoprayforthevictimsandtheirfamilies.Hehopedthathisendwouldbringthemrelief,andperhapsthatwasthestrengthofthereligioninwhichHelenhadplacedherfaith.
Peoplewhobelieveinreligionaretotallydifferentfromothersintermsoftheirabilitytoact.Activeandhealthyreligiousbeliefhelpsbelieverstomakebeneficialcontributionstothesociety.Onthecontrary
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