被动语态语法归纳Word下载.doc
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被动语态语法归纳Word下载.doc
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3.Animportantmeetingwillbeheldinourschool.(一般将来时)
4.Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltinthecity.(现在进行时)
5.Everythinghasbeendonebyhimsofar.(现在完成时)
6.Somethingmustbedonetoprotectwildanimals.(情态动词)
使用范围:
①不知道或不必指出动作的执行者
Thesebooksarewrittenforchildren./Wewereaskedtosingasong.
②强调动作的承受者,这时可带有by引起的短语。
Moretreesmustbeplantedbyusnextyear.
AnewmachinewasinventedbyUncleWanglastmonth.
③当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态
Thewholevillagewaswashedawaybytheflood.
④表示客观的说明常用“It’s+过去分词”句型。
ItissaidthatLucyhasgoneabroad.
这类句型有:
It’ssaidthat….据说……
It’sreportedthat….据报道……
It’sbelievedthat….大家相信……
主动变被动4大步骤:
1、把原主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语,如为代词,宾格形式须变为主格形式。
2、把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态则保持
不变。
3、原主动语态中的主语如需要则放在by后面变成by的宾语,如为代词,主格形式须变为宾格形式,
如不需要则可省略。
4、其它成分(定语、状语)不变。
Everybodylikesthisgirl.----Thisgirlislikedbyeverybody.
Hewrotealetter.----Aletterwaswrittenbyhim.
被动语态注意事项:
1、不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省。
在主动语态中,如果感官动词和使役动词后面的宾语补足语是动词,这个动词前往往不带to,但在被动语态中要带to。
Isawhimclimbupthehill.
Hewasseentoclimbupthehill.
Weheardhimsinginhisroomjustnow.
Hewasheardtosinginhisroomjustnow.
2、主动语态中若有两个宾语,变为被动语态时,只将其中一个宾语变成主语,另一个宾语不变。
主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时,直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面;
直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前通常加上介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定,常为for或to。
例如:
1.
Wegavehimsomebooks.
Hewasgivensomebooks(byus).或Somebooksweregiventohim(byus).
2.
Hegavemeabook.
Abookwasgiventomebyhim.
3.
Heshowedmeaticket.
Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.
4.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.
Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
5.
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.
Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.
6.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.
Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.
3、一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
Wecan’tlaughathim.
Hecan’tbelaughedatbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.
Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.
Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
4、主动语态中如有复合宾语,变为被动语态时,只将复合宾语中的逻辑主语变成主语,其余部分不变。
Theyaskedhimtotakethemedicine.
Hewasaskedtotakethemedicine.
Wefoundhimworkinginthefields.
Hewasfoundworkinginthefields.
不使用被动语态的几种情况:
1、不及物动词不能用于被动语态。
如:
appear,die,disappear,end,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,
spread,stand,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.例如:
Whatwashappenedtohim?
(错误)
Whathappenedtohim?
(正确)
2、系动词(包括感官动词)无被动语态(keep除外),用主动形式表示被动意义。
appear,be,
become,fall,feel,get,grow,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn。
Theflowersmellssweet.
Thedishtastesdelicious.
Theclothfeelsverysoft.
Itsoundsgood.
3、有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
Thispenwriteswell.
Thisnewbooksellswell.
4、want,need,require,worth等词后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。
Thechildrenneedlookingafter.
Thetablewantscleaning.
〖同步强化〗
A.用所给动词的适当形式填空:
I__________(tell)togiveatalkyesterday.
Thesong___________(write)byaworkerandnowit_________(become)verypopular.
We___________(make)atriptotheWestLakeassoonasthework__________(finish).
TheGreatWall___________(know)allovertheworld.
Hesaid,“Yourbooksmust__________(take)careof.”
TheTVplay___________(show)whenwegothome.
7.
Thetallbuilding________(put)uplastyear.
8.
Thestreetlights_________usually_________(turn)onat7:
00pminsummer.
9.
Thissong_________(notlike)byeverybody.
10.
He_________(give)atickettothefilm.
11.
Mostsciencebooks_________(write)inEnglish.
12.
Acomputer_________often______(use)inthebank.
13.
Canrice_______(grow)inwater?
14.
Howmanyholeswill___________(dig)tomorrow?
15.
Thispicture__________(look)nice.
16.
----I’dliketobuythatcoat.----I’msorryit________(sell)out.
17.
----What_________(happen)tohim?
-----Hefelloffhisbikeandhurthimself.
18.
Thestudentswasmade__________(do)alotofhomeworkeveryday.
19.
Thisbook____________(sell)wellonthemarket.
20.
Yourcoatneeds______________(wash).
单项选择:
(
)1.Thelibrarybooks_______ontime.
A.return
B.must
C.mustbereturned
D.returned
)2.Theboyisalwaysmade_______hisfaceinthemorning.
A.wash
B.towash
C.washing
D.washed
)3.MrBrownhasstoppedsmokingsincehe_______on.
A.willoperate
B.willbeoperated
C.operated
D.wasoperated
)4.Thematch______.Let’sgotowatchit.
A.isholding
B.held
C.isbeingheld
D.washeld
)5.AtalkonChinesehistory_______intheschoolnextweek.
A.isgiven
B.hasbeengiven
C.willbegiven
D.willgive
)6.What______thisdictionary_______?
A.does;
call
B.is;
called
C.does;
D.is;
call
)7.English_______inmanycountries.
A.isspeaking
B.isspoken
C.speaks
D.speak
)8.----When______thestory______?
----Amonthago.
A.was;
happened
B.did;
happen
C.is;
D.does;
happen
)9.Alotofnewroads_____builtinthewestofChina.
A.must
B.mustbe
C.has
D.have
)10.Themedicine______cool,cleananddry.
A.mustkeep
B.mustbekept
C.mustbecarried
D.mustbein
)11.Inourcampus,rubbish________everywhere.(泰州)
A.mustn’tbeput
B.needn’tbeput
C.can’tput
D.maynotput
)12.Thetreesmust_______threetimesaweek.(长沙)
A.water
B.iswatering
C.bewatered
D.waters
)13.Peoplecan_____runningeverywhere.Doyouknowwhat____?
(镇江)
A.see;
hashappened
B.see;
happens
C.beseen;
ishappened
D.beseen;
ishappening
)14.Theboy_______togetsupperreadyafterschool.
A.weretold
B.wastold
C.istelling
D.tells
)15.----DidyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?
----No,I_______.(北京)
A.amnotinvited
B.wasn’tinvited
C.haven’tinvited
D.didn’tinvite
)16.BothLilyandLucy_______tothepartyyesterday.(黑龙江)
A.invited
B.wasinvited
C.hadinvited
D.wereinvited
)17.Alotoffood_____tothatcountryafterthewarwasover.(南通)
A.wassent
B.aresent
C.issending
D.sent
)18.----When_____thiskindofcomputer______?
(宁波)
----Twoyearsago.
used
use
use
)19.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.(天津)
A.begiven
)20.Chinese_______bythelargestnumberofpeople.(长沙)
A.speak
B.isspeaking
D.isspoken
)21.----Butwherearethebooks?
(武汉)
----Don’tworry.They_______hereinnotime.
A.havesent
B.willbesent
C.aresending
D.havebeensent
)22.Man-madesatelliteshave________intospacebymanycountries.
A.sentup
B.besentup
C.sendup
D.beensentup
)23.Thewindowsofourclassroom________onceaweek.
A.iscleaned
B.arecleaned
C.Wascleaned
D.becleaned
)24Astrangenoise_______byMrHenrylastnight.
A.heard
B.isheard
C.Hadheard
D.washeard
)25.Milk,meat,eggsandvegetables_____onthefarm.
A.produce
B.areproduced
C.produced
D.wasproduced
)26.Howmanykilosofmilk_____producedonGreenLakeFarmlastyear?
A.are
B.was
C.had
D.be
)27.Sheisoften______tidyinguptheclassroom.
A.seeing
B.seen
C.saw
D.sees
)28.----I’dliketobuythatcoat.----I’msorry______.
A.itsold
B.it’sselling
C.it’sbeensold
D.ithadbeensold
)29.Greatchanges______inthecity,andalotoffactories______.
A.havebeentakenplace,havebeensetup
B.havetakenplace,havebeensetup
C.aretakenplace,aresetup
D.weretakenplace,weresetup
)30.Thispicture______verynice.
A.looks
B.islooked
C.look
D.islooking
)31.Thisstory_____inParisbeforetheFirstworldWar.
A.happens
B.washappened
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