江苏专转本英语历年真题含答案文档格式.docx
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江苏专转本英语历年真题含答案文档格式.docx
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Directions:
Inthisparttherearefourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyanumberof
comprehensionquestions.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.Thenmarkyouranswerby
blackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Humanfeelingsareaffectedbycolorunconsciously.Manufacturershavediscoveredbytrialanderrorthatsugarsellsbadlyingreenwrappings,thatbluefoodsareconsideredbyconsumersastasteless,andthatcosmeticsshouldneverbepackagedinbrown.Thesediscoverieshavegrownintoawholedisciplineofcolorpsychology.Someofourpreferencesareclearlypsychological.Darkblueisthecolorofthenightskyandthereforeassociatedwithcalm,whileyellowisakeycolorinassociationwithenergy.Forprimitivemen.activityduringthedaymeantbuntingandattacking,inwhichhesoonsawasred,thecolorofbloodandhuntingandfire.Soitwasnaturalthatgreen,thecomplementarycolortored,shouldbeassociatedwithpassivedefense.Experimentshaveshownthatcolorsalsohaveadirectpsychologicaleffect.People,whenexposedtobrightred.showanincreaseinbreathingrate.heartbeatandbloodpressure.Redisexciting.Similarexposuretopurebluehasexactlytheoppositeeffect,becauseitisacalmingcolor.Becauseredhasanimplicationofexcitement,itischosenasthesignalfordanger.Someanalysesshowthatavividyellowcanproduceamorebasicstateofalertnessandalarm.Sofireenginesandambulancesinsomeadvancedcountriesarenowrushingaroundinbrightyellowcolorsthatstoptrafficdead.
1.Ifpeopleareexposedtored,whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesNOThappen?
A.Theyfeelafraid.
B.Theybreathefaster.
C.Theirbloodpressurerises.
D.Theirheartsbeatfaster.
2.Manufacturershavediscoveredthesecretofcolorsinmarketing____.
A.byexperimentingwithdifferentcolors
B.bydevelopingthedisciplineofcolorpsychology
C.bytryingnottomakemistakes
D.byaccumulatingtheirvariousexperiences
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Ourfeelingsaboutcertaincolorsarepurelypsychological.
B.Foodshouldneverbepackagedinbrown.
C.Sugarsellsbadlyingreenwrappings,
D.Colorprobablyhasaneffectonuswhichwearenotconsciousof.
4.Ourpreferencesforcertaincolorsare____.
A.dependentonourcharacter
B.linkedwiththeprimitivemen
C.associatedwithpsychologyD.associatedwiththetimeoftheday
5.Thepassageisabout____.
A.colorandtrafficaccidents
B.colorandmanufacturers
C.whichcolormightinfluencehumanfeelings
D.whycoloraffectshumanemotionsandbehavior
Passage2
Exchangeaglancewithsomeone,andthenlookaway.Doyourealizethatyouhavemadeastatement?
Holdtheglanceforasecondlonger,andyouhavemadeadifferentstatement.Holditforthreeseconds,andthemeaninghaschangedagain.Foreverysocialsituation,thereispermissibletimethatyoucanholdaperson'
sgazewithoutbeingintimate,rude,oraggressive.Ifyouareonanelevator,whatgaze-timeareyoupermitted?
Toanswerthisquestion,considerwhatyoutypicallydo.Youareverylikelygiveotherpassengersaquickglancetosizethemup(打量)andtoassurethemthatyoumeannothreat.Sincebeingclosetoanotherpersonsignalsthepossibilityofinteraction,youneedtoemitasignaltellingothersyouwanttobeleftalone.Soyoucutoffeyecontact,whichsociologistErvingGoffman(1963)calls"
adimmingofthelights"
.Youlookdownatthefloor,attheindicatorlights,anywherebutintoanotherpassenger'
seyes.Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherpersonexceedinglyuncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.
Ifyouholdeyecontactformorethanthreeseconds,whatareyoutellinganotherperson?
Muchdependsonthepersonandthesituation.Forinstance,amanandawomancommunicateinterestinthismanner.Theytypicallygazeateachotherforaboutthreesecondsatatime,andthendroptheireyesdownforthreeseconds,beforelettingtheireyesmeetagain.Butifonemangivesanothermanathree-second-plusstare,hesignals-"
Iknowyou."
"
Iaminterestedinyou."
or"
YoulookpeculiarandIamcuriousaboutyou."
Thistypeofstareoftenproduceshostilefeelings.
6.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.
A.everyglancehasitssignificance
B.staringatapersonisanexpressionofinterest
C.agazelongerthanthreesecondsisunacceptable
D.aglanceconveysmoremeaningthanwords
7.Ifyouwanttobeleftaloneonanelevator,thebestthingtodois____.
A.tolookintoanotherpassenger'
seyes
B.toavoideyecontactwithotherpassengers
C.tosignalyouarenorathreattoanyone
D.tokeepadistancefromotherpassengers
8.By"
(Line9.Paral).ErvingGoffmanmeans"
____"
A.closingone'
seyes
B.turningoffthelights
C.ceasingtoglanceatothers
D.reducinggaze-timetotheminimum
9.Ifoneislookedatbyastrangerfortootong,hetendstofeel____.
A.depressed
B.curious
C.uneasy
D.amused
10.Thepassagemainlydiscusses____.
A.thelimitationsofeyecontact
B.theexchangeofideasthrougheyecontact
C.properbehaviorinvarioussituations
D.theroleofeyecontactininterpersonalcommunication
Passage3
Cyclo-crossisacross-countrybicycleracinginopenandusuallyquiteroughcountrywithridersoftenforcedtodismountandcarrytheirbicycles.
Thesport,originatedearlyinthe20thcenturyinFrance.wasprevalentinthe1920s,butbecameprominentinthe1950s(theBritishCyclo-CrossAssociationwasfoundedin1954).AnoriginalEuropeansport,cyclo-crossbecamepopularthroughoutWesternEuropeandintheUnitedStates.Worldchampionshipswereinitiatedin1925;
by1950thesewererecognizedbytheUnionCyclistInternational(InternationalCyclists'
Union).After1967amateurandprofessionalclasseswereofficiallyseparatedincompetition.
The24-kilometercyclo-crosscourse,ofteninvolvingtaps,isusuallycompletedin60minutes.Acoursetypicallyincludesobstaclessuchasditches,mud,fallentrees,streams,flightofstairs,fences,andgates;
artificialhurdlesareaddedtoinsufficientlychallengingnaturalcourses.Cyclo-crossracesareusuallyheldfromSeptembertoMarch,addingwinterweatherhazardstothechallenge.
Thereisamassedstartwiththefieldassemblingnotmorethantwoabreast.Helpersareoftenstationedaroundthecoursewithsparebicyclesincasetheoriginalmachineencountersmechanicaldifficultiesorbecomestooweighteddownbymudpickeduptothecourse.
11.Whatdoestheword"
dismount"
inParagraphOnemean?
A.Giveup
B.Givein
C.Getour
D.Getoff.
12.Accordingrothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutcyclo-cross?
A.Thecyclistssometimeshavetocarrythebicyclesinsteadofridingthem.
B.Theridersintheracearearrangedsidebysideintwolines.
C.Alltheridersstartsimultaneouslyonthestartingline.
D.Theridersareallowedtochangetheirmachines,
13.Cyclo-crossbecamewidelyknown____.
A.inthe1920s
B.inthe1950s
C.in1925
D.in1967
14.Accordingtothepassage,cyclo-crossracesareusuallyheldfromSeptembertoMarchbecause____.
A.A.thewinteriswesterners'
favoriteseason
B.wintercanoffercyclistsmoreriskanddanger
C.thewinterweatherismoreagreeable
D.inwintertheridersneedn'
tdismountandcarrytheirbicycle
15.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanyouinferfromthepassage?
A.Theridersarecompetitiveandfondoftakingrisks.
B.Peopleexcepttheridersshowlittleinterestincyclo-cross.
C.Before1967,amateurandprofessionalclasseshadneverbeenseparatedincompetition.
D.Helpersareoftenhiredbytheriders.
Passage4
Inthesecondhalfofeachyear.manypowerfulstormsareborninthetropicalAtlanticandCaribbeanseas.Ofthese,onlyabouthalfadozengeneratethestrong,circlingwindsof75milesperhourormorethatgivethemhurricanestatus,andseveralusuallymaketheirwaytothecoast.Theretheycausemillionsofdollarsofdamage,andbringdeathtolargenumbersofpeople.
Thegreatstormsthathitthecoaststartasinnocentcirclingdisturbanceshundredseventhousandsofmilesouttosea.Theytravelaimlesslyoverwaterwarmedbythetradewinds.Whenconditionsarejustright,warmmoistairflowsinatthebottomofsuchadisturbance,movesupwardthroughitandcomesoutatthetop.Intheprocess,themoistureinthiswarmairproducesrain,andwithittheheatisconvertedtoenergyintheformofstrongwinds.Astheheatincreases,theyounghurricanebeginstoswirlinacounterclockwisemotion.
Theaveragelifeofahurricaneisonlyaboutninedays,butitcontainsalmostmorepowerthanwecanimagine.Theenergy
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