An Analysis of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter浅析《红字》中象征主义手法的运用Word下载.docx
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An Analysis of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter浅析《红字》中象征主义手法的运用Word下载.docx
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TheScarletLetter
AThesisSubmittedto
ForeignLanguagesDepartmentof
HenanUniversityofEconomicsandLawin
PartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsforthe
DegreeofBachelorofArts
By
XXX
Supervisor:
XXX
May30,2011
毕业论文开题报告
所在系:
外国语言文学系专业:
英语
学号:
姓名:
毕业论文题目:
1.AimandSignificance:
NathanielHawthorneisagreatromanticnovelistinAmericainthenineteenthcentury.HeisdeeplyinfluencedbyPuritanismconsciousness,Transcendentalphilosophyandmysticism.Asaresult,insteadofgivingtheobjectivedescriptionoftheworld,healwaysgivesasymbolicmeaningtoanobjectivethingtoexpresshistrueunderstandingoftheworld,tryinghisbesttodiscoverthehiddenmeaningthroughthesymbols.Therefore,ifwewanttodeeplyunderstandHawthorne’swritingstyle,itisessentialforustomakeathoroughresearchonthesymbolsandsymbolisminhisworks.TheScarletLetterisHawthorne’smasterpiece,whichmakeshimwellknownaroundtheworld,anditisalsooneofthemostremarkableworksinAmericanliterature.ThisnovelwithaneverlastingglamourmainlyliesinHawthorne’sskillfulhandlingofsymbolism.Fromthetitletothearrangementoftheplot,thentothedescriptionofthecharactersandobjects,theauthorusesonlyafewwordstoexpressrichmeanings,whichleavesusmuchroomforimagination.TheauthorofthepaperdevelopsadeepinterestinTheScarletLetterafterhavingfinishedreadingthisnovel.Whatstrikestheauthormostisthescarletletter“A”.Itrunsthroughthewholenovel,andmanifestsinvariousformsatdifferenttime,placesandscenes.Furthermore,themeaningofthescarletletter“A”becomesricherandmorecomplicatedastheplotfurtherdevelops.
2.MainMethodsandWaysofStudies:
TheresearchintothesymbolisminTheScarletLettercanmakereadersdeeplyunderstandHawthorne’swritingstyle.First,bywayofexploringthevarioussymbolicmeaningsofthescarletletter“A”todifferentcharactersandthechangingsymbolicmeaningsofthescarletletter“A”atdifferenttime,placesandscenes,thethesiscanhelpreadershaveabetterunderstandingoftherichmeaningsoftheletter“A”inthenovelandtheprocessofmoralgrowthofthemaincharacters.Second,theresearchintothesymbolicmeaningsofthecharacters’names,variousobjectsinthenovelandthesymbolicmeaningsofPearlcanmakereadersdeeplyunderstandHawthorne’suniqueartisticwritingcharacteristics,theprofoundsocialsignificancerevealedbythenovelandtheauthor’swritingaims.
3.ReferenceBooksandMaterialsAvailable:
Brown,H.D.PrinciplesofLanguageLearningandTeaching.Beijing:
ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2002.
David,Crystal.TheCambridgeEncyclopediaofLanguage.Beijing:
ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,1997.
刁培萼.教育文化学[M].南京:
江苏教育出版社,2000.
范蔚.新课程标准视野下的课堂教学审美化[J].西南师范大学学报.2003,3:
83~87.
4.TimetableoftheThesisWriting:
Timearrangementforthewritingplanisasfollows:
BeforeJanuary10,2011,handinthepresentationofthepaper.
BeforeApril18,2011,handinthefirstdraftofthepaper.
BeforeMay30,2011,handinthefinalpaper.
指导教师意见:
指导教师签名:
2011年1月14日
Abstract
NathanielHawthorneisagreatromanticnovelistinAmericainthe19thcentury.Asagreatromanticnovelist,Hawthorneisoutstandinginhandlingapplicationofsymbolism.
TheScarletLetterisHawthorne’smostimportantsymbolicnovel,whichisthebestworkofHawthorneandoneoftheindubitablemasterpiecesofAmericanLiterature.AnditisthisnovelthatmakesNathanielHawthorneknownallaroundtheworld.Inthiswork,Hawthorneusesthesymbolismsoskillfullythatitenhancestheartisticeffectsofhisworkgreatly.InTheScarletLetter,symbolismrunsthroughthewholenovel.Themostimportantsymbolisthescarletletteritself.Notonlydoes“A”manifestinvariousforms,butalsoithaschangingmeaningsfrom“adultery”to“able”,even“angelic”inthenovel.Besides,thenameofthefourmajorcharactersinthenovel:
HesterPrynne,ArthurDimmesdale,RogerChillingworthandPearlalsohavetheirownsymbolicmeanings.Someotherobjectsandnaturalsurroundingsthataredescribedinthenovelsuchasthejail,theforest,therosebushandsoonareallendowedwithadeepsymbolicsignificance.TheauthorofthethesiswillexploretheusageofsymbolisminTheScarletLetterfromthethreeaspectsmentionedaboveandanalyzeHawthorne’sskillfuluseofsymbolisminTheScarletLetter.
KeyWords:
thescarletletter;
symbolism;
HesterPrynne;
Pearl
摘要
纳撒尼尔·
霍桑是十九世纪美国伟大的浪漫主义小说家。
作为一位伟大的浪漫主义小说家,霍桑对象征主义手法的运用可以说是独具匠心。
长篇小说《红字》是霍桑重要的象征主义代表作品,无疑也是美国文学浪漫主义时期最著名的作品之一。
也正是这部巨著使得霍桑誉满全球。
在这部作品中,作者巧妙运用了象征主义手法,加强了作品的艺术效果。
整篇作品象征主义手法贯穿始终。
其中,最重要的要数红字“A”本身的象征意义。
它不仅以各种各样的形式出现,并且其象征意义不断变化,从“通奸”到“有能力的”甚至“天使般的”。
此外,小说中四个主要角色:
海丝特,丁梅斯代尔,齐灵沃斯,珠儿也都有其各自的象征意义。
小说中描述的景物和场景,例如监狱、森林、玫瑰花园等等也都寓意深刻。
本文正是从以上这几个方面着手,探究作者在小说《红字》中对象征主义手法的巧妙运用。
关键词:
红字;
象征;
海丝特·
普琳;
珍珠
Acknowledgments
Thisthesisistheproductoftheauthorandthesupervisor’sthreemonthsofefforts.IthasbeenrepeatedlyrevisedundertheguidanceofProfessorXXX.ItwasthejointeffortsofboththeauthorandtheteachersinForeignLanguagesDepartment.IwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoProfessorXXXandtheteacherswhohavehelpedtheauthorintheprocessofthethesiswriting.Iwillalsogivemythankstomyclassmatesandfriendswhohavehelpedmerevisethethesis.Lastbutnotleast,Iwillgivemyheartfeltthankstomyparentswhohavebeenalwayssupportingandencouragingme.
Contents
Introduction1
1VariousSymbolicMeaningsoftheScarletLetter“A”3
1.1TheChangeoftheSymbolicMeaningsoftheScarletLetter“A”3
1.1.1Adultery3
1.1.2AloneandAlienation4
1.1.3Able,AdmirableandAngel4
1.2TheScarletLetterandtheStrictnessofPuritanSociety5
2TheSymbolicMeaningoftheFourMainCharacters5
2.1HesterPrynne5
2.2ArthurDimmesdale6
2.3RogerChillingworth7
2.4Pearl9
3TheSymbolicMeaningsoftheObjectsintheNovel11
Conclusion14
Bibliography16
Introduction
NathanielHawthornewasborninSalemin1804.HewasborninaprestigiousNewEnglandfamilycloselyrelatedwithPuritanchurch;
hisancestorsattendedthepersecutionofpeoplebelongingtodifferentchurches,suchasQuakers.Whenhewasborn,hisfamilydeclined.Hewasawareofhisancestors’misdeedsandthus“blacknessofHawthorne”formed.Hethoughtthatthereasonofhisfamily’sdeclineishisancestors’misdeeds.Andhedidn’tagreewiththeoptimismheldbyTranscendentaliststowardshumannature.Hewrotelotsofworksoneverlastingevilsideinhumannature.
HawthornegraduatedfromBowdoinCollege.HenryWadsworthLongfellowandFranklinPierce,the14thAmericanpresidentswerehisclassmates.Aftergraduation,helivedinseclusionandwrote.Later,heworkedintheUSCustomHouse.AfterPiercebecamepresident,hewasaskedtobetheconsularinLiverpoolandItaly.
Hawthorne’smasterpieceincludeshisshortstorycollections:
Twice-ToldTales;
MosesfromanOldManseandnovels:
TheScarletLetter;
TheHouseofSevenGables;
TheBlithedaleRomance;
TheMarbleFaun.
Hawthorne’swritingskillscanbesummarizedasfollows:
Hawthorneseemstobeinfluencedalotbythesinandevilinhissense.Hebelievesevilexistsinhumanheartallthetime.Forexample,inthenovelTheScarletLetter,theministerDimmesdaletriestopretendhowpureandpiousheis.Hewantstocoveruptheevilinhismind.NotonlyDimmesdalewantstodolikethis,butalsoallthepeopleintheworld,becauseweareonlyhumanbeings.Andtheeviljustlikesamarkthatexistsinourmindwhenweareborn.AndinHawthorne’smind,peoplewhocommitacrimemustbepunished,becausepeoplecangetexperiencefromthisway.Andalsohesupportspeopletotellthetruthandnottooffend.NathanielHawthorneisagreatromanticnovelistinAmericainthe19thcenturyandisconsideredtobethefirstgreatestAmericanfictionwriterinthemoralistictradition.Hawthorneisoutstandinginliteratureskill,especiallyinhandlingsymbolism.Hiswork—TheScarletLetterisnotableforitssymbolismandisregardedasthefirstsymbolicnovelinAmericanliterature.
Thestorybeginsinseventeenth-centuryBoston,whichisunderPuritancommand.Thehusband—anoldanduglyscholar,sendsayoungwoman,namedHesterPrynne,aheadtoAmerica.However,formanyyears,hehimselfdoesn’tarrive.Obviously,itispossiblethathehasbeenlostinthesea.Whilewaitingforherhusband,HesterandayounglocalministercalledArthurDimmesdalefallinlovewitheachother.Theycommitadulterysecretly.BecauseofHester’sPregnancy,thesecretisfinallydiscovered.HesterandDimmesdaleloveeachother.Buttheirloveisforbiddeninthatstrictsociety.Itissinful.Duetothisfact,Hesterispunishedbysocietywithaletter“A”onherchest,whichisconsideredtobeanevil,ashame.
Hesterisbraveenoughtofacethecruelsociety.Sheisalwayswithamindofcourage.Shehasbeenalonewithherchildforsolongatime,withlittlecommunication.Hesterhastoweartheletter“A”daybyday,sevenyearsasforpunishmentandillfame.However,Hesterisakind-heartedwomanandisalwaysreadytohelpotherpeopleinthecommunitywithoutexpectinganythanks.Later,peopleinthetownnolongerviewthescarletletterAasapunishment,butratherasrepresentinghergreatstrengthandbraveryan
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