陈述疑问祈使感叹文档格式.docx
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陈述疑问祈使感叹文档格式.docx
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It’sworking,butnotproperly.
Ibelievehewillsucceed,thoughnotwithoutsomedifficulty.
—Willitsnowtoday?
—Ihopenot.
5.用no构成否定句:
no+名词(单,复数,不可数)相当于not+a+名词/not+any+名词
Nomachinewouldworkforlongifitwerenotproperlylubricated
Takethattowel,Ihavenoother.
Icanwalknofarther.
Thereisnoknowingwhatwillhappen.
ThenationsofEuropeandAmericahavefoundthatnocountrycanproduceallitsneedswithouttrading.
6.某些否定副词或代词:
seldom;
never;
hardly;
rarely;
little;
few;
none;
nowhere;
neither
等在句中构成否定句
Icanseldomfindtimeforreading.
Mirrortellsonlythefacts,neverthepoetry.
Therumorcamefromnowhere.
Nonebutfoolshaveeverbelievedit.
否定转移:
当think;
believe;
suppose;
imagine等动词引导
否定意义的宾语从句时,把从句中的not提到主句这些动词前面,是主句变成否定句:
Idon’tthinkshe’sathome,butI’llgoandsee.
Idon’timaginethathe’llenjoyit.
8.否定式疑问句:
部分否定:
Notall…=All…not…
Notboth…=Both…not…
Notevery…=Every…not…
Doesn’tsheunderstand?
Haven’tyoubookedyourholidayyet?
Idon’trememberallthenames.
Allisnotgoldthatglitters.
Itisnotfoundeverywhere.
Noteveryonelikesthisfilm.
9.用否定形式表示肯定的意义:
cannot…too../cannot…more:
越…就越好;
再…不过了
Youcannotbetoocareful.
Amancanneverhavetoomanyfriends.
2.疑问句
定义
提出问题的句子
四类
疑问句
一般疑问句
Canyoufinishtheworkintime?
特殊疑问句
Wheredoyoulive?
/Howdoyouknowthat?
选择疑问句
Doyouwantteaorcoffee?
反义疑问句
以下重点讲解反意疑问句
陈述部分
疑问部分
1)陈述部分的主语是I
疑问部分用aren'
tI.
I'
mastallasyoursister,aren'
tI?
2)陈述部分的谓语是wish
疑问部分用may+主语
Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?
3)陈述部分用no,nothing,
nobody,never,few,seldom,
hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时.
疑问部分用肯定含义
TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?
Someplantsneverblown(开花),dothey?
4)含有oughtto的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,
疑问部分用shouldn'
t/oughtn'
t+主语
Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'
the?
/shouldn'
5)陈述部分有have/hadtodo
疑问部分常用don'
t/didn’t+主语
Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'
twe?
6)陈述部分的谓语是usedto时
疑问部分用didn'
t/usedn’t+主语
Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'
/usedn'
7)陈述部分有hadbetterdo.
疑问句部分用hadn'
tyou?
You'
dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'
8)陈述部分有wouldratherdo
疑问部分多用wouldn'
t+主语
Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'
9)陈述部分有You'
dliketodo.
疑问部分用wouldn'
dliketogowithme,wouldn'
10)陈述部分有must(表示推测)的疑问句
注意:
must作必须讲时,反义疑问句用mustn’t.
must表示推测时,疑问部分根据实际情况而定
Hemustbeadoctor,isn'
YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'
/didn'
Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'
Youmustworkhardfromnowon,mustn’tyou?
(必须)
11)感叹句中
疑问部分用be+主语
Whatcolours,aren'
tthey?
Whatasmell,isn'
tit?
12)陈述部分由neither…nor,
either…or连接的并列主语时
疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定
NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?
13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定everything,
that,nothing,this
疑问部分主语用it
Everythingisready,isn'
14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a.并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定
b.带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定
c.上述部分主句谓语是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句.若主句为第二或三人称,则反义疑问句与主句一致.
a.Mr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,heshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn'
b.Heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk,ishe?
c.Idon'
tthinkheisbright,ishe?
Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'
tshe?
HesaidhewantedtovisitJapan,didn'
Jennydoesn'
tthinkthatRobertishonest,doesshe?
15)陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,noone等
疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he.
Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'
(doeshe?
)
Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?
16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句
当dare,need为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do+主语
疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语
Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?
Hedarenotsayso,dareyou?
Shedoesn'
tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?
17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句
Let'
s开头的祈使句,后用shallwe?
Letus开头的祈使句,后用willyou?
疑问部分用willyou
Don'
tdothatagain,willyou?
Gowithme,willyou/won'
tyou?
sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?
Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou?
18)陈述部分是"
therebe"
结构的
疑问部分用there省略主语代词
Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'
tthere?
Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?
Therehasbeenagreatincreaseinretailsales,hasn’tthere?
19)否定前缀不能视为否定词
其反意疑问句仍用否定形式
Itisimpossible,isn'
Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?
20)句子主语为this,that时
反义疑问句主语用it
Ifyoutalkniceandpolite,peoplelistentoyou.Ifyoushout,thisisnogood,isit?
21)对某人的话表示讥讽或怀疑,可以重复他的话,所以,反义疑问句中的动词形式和陈述部分应一致,或者都用肯定或者都用否定形式.---Helenmustobeyherparents.---Oh,shemust,mustshe?
21)前肯后否,前否后肯.(事实求是)
Thereisacomputerinyourroom,isn'
Yes,thereis.(是的,有)
Thereisn'
tacomputerinyourroom,isthere?
Yes,thereis.(不,有)
【习题精炼】
1.It’safineday,Let’sgofishing,_____?
A.won’tweB.willweC.don’tweD.shallwe
2.Frankisworkinglateagain.Thisisthefirsttimethisweekhe’shadtostudylate,____?
A.isn’theB.hasn’titC.hasn’theD.isn’tit
3.—Daddy’sforgottoposttheletteragain,____?
—I’mafraidhe___.A.has;
hasB.isn’t;
isC.hasn’t;
hasD.has;
hasn’t
4.—Sorry,I’mnotfeelingwellandIdon’tthinkIcanfinish.
—Don’tworry.Letusdoitforyou,____?
A.willyouB.shallweC.shan’tweD.shallyou
5.Idon’tthinkhecouldhavedonesuchastupidthinglastnight,____?
A.doIB.couldheC.didheD.hashe
6.—Thegroundiswet.
—Itmusthaverainedlastnight,____?
A.hasn’titB.didn’titC.mustn’titD.isn’tit
7.—Jennydoesn’tthinkthatRobertishonest,___?
—I’mafraidnot.A.isheB.isn’theC.doessheD.doesn’tshe
8.—Thenewwindowsneedwashing.
—Well,let’swashthemtogether,____?
A.shallweB.willyouC.shouldweD.wouldyou
9.Thereislittlewecandoaboutit,____?
A.isthereB.can’tweC.isn’tthereD.canwe
10.—Theproblemwasn’tdifficultforhim,wasit?
—___.Heshouldhavebeengivenamoredifficultone.A.No,itwasB.Yes,itwasC.Yes,itwasn’tD.No,itwasn’t
11.—Suchasuddenturnintheroadistoodifficultforthenewdriver,isn’tit?
—_____.He’sdealtwithallkindsoftroublesomesituationsbefore.
A.No,itisn’tB.Yes,itisC.No,heisn’tD.Yes,heis
12.—Sheisn’tadancingteacher,isshe?
—______.A.Yes,sheisn’tB.No,sheisC.Yes,shewasn’tD.No,butshewas.
13.—Ifourparentswouldlistenmoretous,theywouldunderstandusbetter.
—_____.Theyjustexpectustolisten.A.IbelievenotB.NoproblemC.GoodideaD.Ican’tagreemore
14.Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,___?
A.doIB.don’tIC.willtheyD.won’tthey
15.——Lucy,youwashthedishes,___?
——Mom,can’tLilydoit?
It’sherturntodoit.
A.don’tyouB.canyouC.shallyouD.willyou
16.——Yououghttostayuplatetonight,____you?
——Yes.I’vegottoomuchhomework.A.can’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.won’t
17.Nothingcanstopusfromservingthepeopleheartandsoul,____?
A.canitB.can’titC.cantheyD.can’tthey
18.Thereusedtobeachurchinthesmalltown,___?
A.usedthereB.usedn’tthereC.useditD.usedn’tit
19.——Sheisn’tyourneighbour,isshe?
——_______.A.Yes,sheisn’tB.No,sheisC.Yes,sheisD.No,isn’tshe
Keys:
1-5DDCAC6-10BCAAD11-15ADDCD16-20BABC
3.祈使句
祈使句用以表达命令,要求,请求,劝告等
祈
使
句
种
类
1.以动词原形开头(但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)
Takethisseat./Dobecareful.
否定结构:
tmove./Don'
tbelate.
2.以let开头的祈使句
a.Let'
s包括说话者
shaveanothertry,shallwe/shan'
=Shallwehaveanothertry?
b.Letus不包括说话者
Letushaveanothertry,willyou/won'
=Willyoupleaseletushaveanothertry?
snottalkofthatmatter.不要谈这件事
Letusnottalkofthatmatter.你不要让我们谈这件事
3.有主语的祈使句
-Sorry,Joe.Ididn'
tmeanto...
-Don'
tcallme"
Joe"
.I'
mMrParkertoyou,anddon’tyouforgetit!
在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;
前后意思为相反关系时,用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and或or去掉.
如:
Hurryup,andwe’llbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,we’llbethereintime.
because和so;
although,though和but不能连用
祈使句的主语通常就是说话的对方,即第二人称you,一般不表示出来,但在有些情况下,祈使句也可带主语
一、为了强调指明向谁提出要求或发出命令时
Yougowithme.你跟我去YoutellhimwhatIsaid.你把我说的话告诉他
Youtakethatseat.你坐在那个座位上
二、表达"
气愤;
不满;
厌烦;
急躁"
等情绪时
Yougetoutofhere!
你给我滚出这儿!
Youmindyourownbusiness!
你少管闲事!
Youtakeyourhandsoffme!
你把手拿开,别碰我!
三、表示对照或区别不同的说话对象时
Helen,youcleanthewindow,andPaul,yousweepthefloor.海伦,你擦窗子;
保罗,你扫地
Youcomehere,Jack,andyougothere,Mary.杰克你到这边来,玛丽你到那边去
YouaskthefirstquestionandIaskthesecondone.你问第一个问题,我问第二个问题
四、当祈使句中有in,out,away,up,off等作状语的副词,强调这些状语而把它们置于句首时
Outyoucome!
你出来!
Awayyougo!
你走吧!
Upyoustand!
你站起来!
五、祈使句以don'
t开头,表示关照或警告对方时
tyoubelateagain.你别再迟到了
tyoueverforgetthislesson!
你一定不要忘记了这次教训!
六、祈使句的主语也可以是第三人称
Everybodystandup!
大家都站起来!
Jackstandthere.杰克站到那边去
Someoneopenthedoor.谁去把门打开
【习题精练】
1___helpifyoucan,andourcountrywillimprovemorequicklyandbetter.
A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive
Key:
1-5B
4.感叹句
表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪
由感叹词what引导的感叹句
一般中心词为名词.
Whata/an+(adj)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
Whatafinedayit
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- 陈述 疑问 感叹
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