完整版英语考试试题讲解.docx
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完整版英语考试试题讲解.docx
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完整版英语考试试题讲解
2007年10月物流英语考试试题讲解一
讲解
I。
语法、词汇部分
1. The aim of ( ) management is to minimize the amount of material in stock.
A.invention B. inventive C. inventory D. inventiveness
答案:
C
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
考查物流专业词汇。
首先看题干:
()管理的目的是降库存中物料的数量降到最低。
根据物流知识,应该知道()中需要填写“库存”。
然后看选项,A.发明创造;B.发明的;C.库存;D.发明能力。
因此答案为C。
2. Don’t forget to refer to the book ERP in the ( ) of planning resources in your enterprise.
A. way B. route C. process D. proceed
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
考查近义词辨析。
首先看题干:
在为你的企业制定资源计划的()中,别忘了参考《ERP》。
根据句子所要表达的意思,应该在括号中填写“过程”。
再看选项,A.方法、途径;B.路线;C.过程;D.进行。
因此答案为C。
3. The ( ) expenses will be for your account if you place an order of 100,00 tons of roll steel at a time. My workshop uses only ten tons a month.
A. stocking B. store C. storage D. stored
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
考查对词形变化的理解以及物流专业词语。
首先看题干:
如果你在自己那里一次存放1万吨轧钢,那么()的费用可是由你自己承担。
我的工厂一个月才用10吨轧钢。
看选项。
四个选项中三个分别为动词store(储藏)及其衍生词。
A.stocking 长袜,可以直接排除。
B.store(储藏)动词。
C.storage,名词。
D.过去式。
库存的存储费用,是指存储这件事情的费用,因此应该使用名词形式。
因此正确答案为C。
4. Logistics was formerly called physical ( ) .
A. Position B. distribution C. setting D. distribute
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干:
物流过去被称为物理()。
括号中应为配送。
再看选项。
A.位置;B.配送C.设置;D.配送(动词)。
因此正确答案为B。
5. We’ve studied all our ( ) catalogs.
A. competitors B. competitor’s C. competitor D. competitors’
【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干:
我们已经研究了我们(竞争对手的)产品目录。
名词的所有格形式是“名词’s”,如果名词本身以S结尾或者复数形式加了S,那么所有格形式为“名词s’”。
返回来看句子,根据实际情况,一般竞争对手都不只一个,因此正确答案为D。
6. There is, however, a well-defined order in which the components can be installed in the vehicle most ( ).
A. efficient B. efficiently C. effectively D effective
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干:
然而,步骤很清晰,保证设备车辆的零部件能够最()组装起来。
根据选项知道()里面是“有效地”。
看选项,辨析efficient和effective,。
efficient强调效率,也就是说正确且快速;effective强调效果,效力。
根据题干的意思,应该选择效率,而不是效力,又需要选择副词。
形容词变成副词的最常见形式就是“形容词ly”,排除A。
因此正确答案为B。
7. Excuse me, but I don’t quite ( ) you. I’m confused.
A. feel B. help C. follow D. touch
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干:
对不起,我没有()你。
我糊涂了。
通过前后两个半句,应该可以推断出,说话人想要表达的意思是,没有搞明白。
再看选项:
A.感觉;B.帮助;C.跟从;D.接触。
当别人说话的时候,你应该一直注意听,跟着说话人的思路走。
如果你走神了,或者没听懂,就没能够跟上说话者的思路。
因此,英语的表达方法是,I don’t follow you. 其实就是说“我没听明白”。
因此正确答案为C。
8. Inventories are frequently found in such places ( ) warehouses, yards, shop floors, transportation equipment, and on retailstore shelves.
A. as B. like C. which D. where
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干:
存货通常可以在以下地方找到,()仓库、空场、商店、运输设备和零售货架上。
根据题干,()中应该填写“例如”。
我们熟悉的就是such as和like。
这时应该注意题干中的“such”,因此正确答案是A。
9. Holding inventories fosters economies in ( ) and transportation.
A. purchase B. purchased C. purchasing D. purchases
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
与第三题类似。
首先看题干:
持有库存能促进()和运输中的节约。
根据选项,可以推断出()中应该填写“采购”。
作为名词,“采购”的英文是purchasing,因此正确答案是:
C。
10. Just ( ) why a firm might want inventories at some level in their operations and why they would also want to keep them at a minimum.
A. consider B. considering C. considered D. considers
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
与第三题类似。
首先看题干:
(思考)为什么公司在运作中需要一定的库存同时还想将库存量最小。
此句为祈使句,省略主语,直接以动词原形开头。
因此正确答案是A。
11. Packaging should protect the goods ( ) damage during handling, storing and transportation.
A. for B. at C. from D. about
【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干:
包装应该保护货物在储存和运输过程中()损伤。
四个选项为介词,与protect联合使用。
根据题干,应该是“保护货物远离损伤”,即protect…from。
因此正确答案是:
C
12. Our manager suggests that we ( ) load the goods as soon as possible.
A. must B. need C. should D. would
【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干:
我们的经理建议我们()尽快装载货物。
()内应该填写“应该”。
再看选项,表示应该的选项是should。
而且,suggest that sb(should)do,可以理解为一种祈使句,建议做某事。
因此正确答案是C。
13. He spends most of his spare time ( ) logistics.
A. to study B. on study C. study D. studying
【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干:
他把大部分时间都花在()物流上。
根据选项,()中应该填写“学习”。
四个选项分别为study的四种形式。
应该根据题干结构进行选择,即spend time doing,花时间做某事。
因此正确答案是D。
14. In the average manufacturing firm in North America, purchased goods and services account ( ) approximately 55 cents of every sales dollar.
A. to B. from C. for D. in
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干:
对于北美的一般制造公司来说,所采购的产品和服务的花费占到了销售额的55%。
本题考查的是account for,“占“。
因此正确答案是C。
15. He always wants everything ( ) in a hurry.
A. done B. doing C. to do D. do
【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干:
他总是想让所有的事情就赶紧(做完)。
根据句意,做完,应该用过去分词done。
从语法结构看,done是everything的补语。
因此正确答案是A。
16. The quality of finished goods and services is obviously ( ) upon the quality of the materials and parts used in producing those items.
A. depend B. dependence C. dependent D. depended
【讲解】本题属于语法兼词汇题。
首先看题干:
很明显,最终产品和服务的质量(依赖于)生产过程中所用材料的质量。
选项为depend(动词原形)及其各种形式。
我们都知道depend on这个词组。
不过请注意,这道题稍微改变了一些,动词改成了is, 因此depend也要变成形容词,即be dependent on/upon。
因此正确答案为C。
17. If you refuse to develop yourself, others will ( ) you.
A. perform B. lose C. win D. outperform
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干:
如果你拒绝提高自己,其他人将()你。
根据逻辑,()应填写“超过“或同类词。
再看选项:
A执行;B失败;C战胜;D胜过。
因此正确答案是D。
18. A far greater amount of cargo is shipped by bulk carriers, ( ) can be chartered on the tramp market on a time basis or on voyage basis.
A. where B. which C. whose D. who
【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干:
大多数货物都是通过散装货轮运输的,这些船可以按照时间或者航程在不定期船运输市场租赁。
看懂题干后,应该知道逗号后面一句话缺少主语。
可见本题考点是非限定性定语从句。
由于后半句说的是租船的事情,缺少主语“船“,在逗号前面可以找到”bulk carriers“,前置词,因此正确答案是B。
19. If you decide to book the space yourself, you can ( ) go to a shipping company or simply go on the Internet.
A. both B. neither C. either D. all
【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干:
如果你决定自己定空间,既可以直接去货运公司,也可以上网。
应该看出,句子的后半句提出两种方案,哪一种都可以,因此应该用either…or结构,表示“或者…或者“。
both表示两个同时,表示肯定。
neither表示两个中,哪一个都不行,即表示否定。
因此正确答案是C。
20. Can you check the ( ) for me again?
I want to know the details of tomorrow’s meeting. Thanks!
A. schedule B. room C. bar D. account
【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干:
你能帮我再检查一下()吗?
我想知道明天会议的详细安排。
谢谢。
如果只看前半句,似乎填什么都可以。
这是我们就需要把整个题干看完。
那么会议的细节当然是写在会议日程上,因此可以直接选出正确答案,A。
阅读部分
Passage1
Many people wonder how Wal-Mart is able to charge such low prices and continue to make a profit. There are several factors in their business model that contribute to this ability, but a big one is their ability to adapt to an ever-changing global marketplace. Some criticize Wal-Mart has been able to deliver low process by being efficient. This efficiency is present in several area, but one of the most important places is how they are able to manufacture products all over the world and get them to retail outlets, which are also over the world. This ability requires flawless logistical system that allows products to be shipped anywhere at a moment’s notice.
One of the keys to Wal-Mart’s effective logistical system is the flexibility (灵活性) that is has when choosing suppliers. When Wal-Mart negotiates with suppliers, the suppliers know that Wal-Mar will only pay the most competitive prices. This is because it is easy for them to find another suppliers of that particular material with a lower process and very few logistical problems. This gives Wal-Mart a huge amount of leverage (优势) when dealing with suppliers. If a particular supplier knows that a company has found a lower price, it will lower its price accordingly. However, if the supplier also knows that it will be incredibly difficult for the company to make the proper adjustments to ensure a smooth transition (过渡) to a different supplier, then they will be less inclined to lower their price as much. This is not how existing suppliers deal with Wal-Mar; when they see that Wal-Mart has found a supplier that will give them a lower price, the current suppliers lower their prices accordingly. They know that Wal-Mart’s logistical system can handle transition seamlessly (无缝地) and therefore they gain no additional leverage since it won’t be difficult or costly for Wal-Mart to choose another supplier.
Another reason that Wal-Mart’s prices are so competitive is because they buy in such large quantities that transportation from one end of the supply chain to another is not as costly for additional units. This aspect of the logistical system does not come from skill or expertise; it simply comes from the sheer size of the company, but this is still a factor. Wal-Mart buys so many suppliers from different places throughout the world that they have the luxury of using bigger trucks and using less fuel to go back and forth. Also if by chance they have to use shipping services to transport material from one location to another, Wal-Mart will give them so much business that they will get huge discounts.
The logistical system that Wal-Mart uses is so effective because it is so flexible. This is why Wal-Mart is able to offer things much cheaper than other companies can. Wal-Mart has a reputation for being able to offer these things in a cheap manner because of low employee pay and human rights violations(违反、违背)but this is simply not the case.
21. The word “charge” in the first line means ()
A. to state officially that someone may be guilty of a crime
B. to ask someone for a particular amount of money for something you are selling.
C. to blame someone
D. to order someone to do something.
22. Which of the following statements is WRONG about Wal-Mart?
A. Wal-Mart is able to adapt to an ever-changing global marketplace.
B. Wal-Mart has been able to deliver low prices by being efficient.
C. Wal-Mart has a flawless logistical system that allows products to be shipped anywhere at moment’s notice.
D. The profit of Wal-Mart is now declining.
23. Suppliers of Wal-Mart know that ()
A. Wal-Mart is flexible when choosing suppliers
B. Wal-Mart only negotiation with suppliers with the most competitive prices.
C. Wal-Mart is incredibly difficult to make the proper adjustments to ensure a smooth transition to a different supplier
D. they cannot lose Wal-Mart for the sake of their profit.
24. Buying in large quantities ()
A. is a factor making Wal-Mart’s prices high
B. can make prices competitive
C. means having the luxury of using bigger trucks.
D. means to use shipping services to transport material.
25. The last sentence of the last paragraph shows that ()
A. Wal-Mart offer things in a cheap manner
B. Wal-Mart violates human rights
C. some people’s understanding of Wal-Mart is incorrect.
D. the logistic system of Wal-Mart is flexible.
Passage2
CEVA Logistics is making the “logistics” part of its name outdated, unless one stretches the term to mean more than traditional transportation a
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