考研英语第16套题Word格式文档下载.docx
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考研英语第16套题Word格式文档下载.docx
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“Ouraudienceisgrowingmorediverse,sothecommunitiesweservebenefitifouremployeesareraciallyandethnicallydiverseaswell”,saysoneCEOofacompangthatownsninetelevisionstations.
Amongthestepstheforumispushing:
findingcreativeyetlegalwaystoboostminorityenrollmentthroughnewadmissionspolicies;
promotingadmissionsdecisionsthatlookatmorethantestscores;
andencouraginguniversitiestostepuptheirminorityoutreachandfinancialaid.Andtocounteraccusationsbycriticstochallengethesetacticsincourt,thegroupsaysitwillgivelegalassistancetocollegessuedfortryingthem.“Diversitydiminishedbythecourtmustbemadeupforinotherlegitimate,legalways,”says,aforummember.
Oneofthemorecontroversialmethodsadvocatedistheso-called10%rule.Theideaisforpublicuniversities—whicheducatethree-quartersofallU.S.undergraduates—toadmitstudentswhoareinthetop10%oftheirhighschoolgraduatingclass.Doingsoallowscollegestotakeminoritieswhoexcelinaverageurbanschools,eveniftheywouldn’thavemadethecutunderthecurrentstatewiderankingmanyuniversitiesuse.[335words]
1.U.S.courtrestrictionsonaffirmativeactionsignifiesthat.
[A]minoritiesnolongerholdtheoncefavoredstatus
[B]thequalityofAmericancollegeshasimproved
[C]racialpreferenceshasreplacedracialprejudice
[D]theminorityisonanequalfootingwiththemajority
2.WhathasbeenadivisiveissueacrosstheUnitedStates?
[A]Whetheraffirmativeactionshouldcontinuetoexist.
[B]Whetherthislawishelpingminoritiesorthewhitemajority.
[C]WhetherracismexistsinAmericancollegeadmission.
[D]Whetherracialintoleranceshouldbepunished.
3.CEOsofbigcompaniesdecidedtohelpcollegesenrollmoreminoritystudentsbecausethey.
[A]thinkitwrongtodeprivetheminoritiesoftheirrightstoreceiveeducation
[B]wanttoconservethefinecharacteristicsofAmericannation
[C]wantaworkforcethatreflectsthediversityoftheircustomers
[D]thinkittheirdutytohelpdevelopeducationofthecountry
4.Themajortactictheforumusesisto.
[A]battletheracialpreferencesincourt
[B]supportcollegesinvolvedinlawsuitsofracism
[C]strivetosettlethispoliticaldebatenationwide
[D]findlegallyviablewaystoensureminorityadmissions
5.Ifthe10%ruleisapplied,.
[A]thebestwhitehighschoolstudentscangetintocolleges
[B]publicuniversitiescangetexcellentstudents
[C]studentsfrompoorruralfamiliescangotocolleges
[D]goodminoritystudentscangetintopublicuniversities
Text207.8
Aeroplaneswillbetooafraidtocrash,yoghurtswillwishyougoodmorningbeforebeingeatenandhumanconsciousnesswillbestoredonsupercomputers,promisingimmortalityforall.Thesefantasticclaimsarenotmadebyasciencefictionwriteroracrystalball-gazinglunatic.TheyarethedeadlyearnestpredictionsofIanPearson,headofthefuturologyunitatBT.
“Ifyoudrawthetimelines,realisticallyby2050wewouldexpecttobeabletodownloadyourmindintoamachine,sowhenyoudieit’snotamajorcareerproblem,”PearsontoldTheObserver.“Ifyou’rerichenoughthenby2050it’sfeasible.Ifyou’repooryou’llprobablyhavetowaituntil2075or2080whenit’sroutine.Weareveryseriousaboutit.That’showfastthistechnologyismoving:
45yearsisahellofalongtimeinIT.”
Theworld’sfastestcomputer,IBM’sBlueGene,canperform70.72trillioncalculationspersecondandisacceleratingallthetime.ButanyonewhobelievesintheuniquenessofconsciousnessorthesoulwillfindPearson’snextsuggestionhardtoswallow.“We’realreadylookingathowyoumightstructureacomputerthatcouldpossiblybecomeconscious.Therearequitealotofusnowwhobelieveit’sentirelyfeasible.”
Intheshorterterm,Pearsonidentifiesthenextphaseofprogressas“ambientintelligence”:
chipswitheverything.Heexplained:
“Forexample,ifyouhaveapollencountsensorinyourcaryoutakesomeantihistaminebeforeyougetout.Chipswillcomesmallenoughthatyoucanstartimpregnatingthemintotheskin.We’retalkingaboutvideotattoosasvery,verythinsheetsofpolymerthatyoujustliterallystickontotheskinandtheystaythereforseveraldays.Youcouldevenbuildincellphonesandconnectittothenetwork,useitasavideophoneanddownloadvideosorreceiveemails.”
Thenextage,hepredicts,willbethatof“simplicity”inaround2013-2015.ThisiswheretheIThasactuallybecomematureenoughthatpeoplewillbeabletodriveitwithouthavingtogoonatrainingcourse.“Forgetthisnotionthatyouhavetohaveonesinglechipinthecomputerwhichdoeseverything.Whynotjustgetastackoflittleself-organisingchipsinaboxandthey’llhookupanddoitthemselves.Itwon’tbeabletogetanyvirusesbecausemostoftheoperatingsystemwillbestoredinhardwarewhichthehackerscan’twriteto.Ifyourmachinestartsgoingwrong,youjustpushabuttonandit’sresettothefactorysetting.”
Pearson’sthirdageis“virtualworlds”inaround2020.“Wewillspendalotoftimeinvirtualspace,usinghighquality,3D,immersive,computergeneratedenvironmentstosocialiseanddobusinessin.Whentechnologygivesyoualife-size3Dimageandthelinkstoyournervoussystemallowyoutoshakehands,it’slikebeingintheotherperson’soffice.It’simpossibletobelievethatwon’tbethenormalwayofcommunicating.”[534words]
6.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby.
[A]refutingaclaim[B]quotingastatement
[C]proposinganassumption[D]predictingaphenomenon
7.TowhichofthefollowingwouldPearsonmostlikelyagree?
[A]Soonthewealthywillbeabletodownloadtheirconsciousnessintocomputers.
[B]Next-generationtechnologieswilladjusttocommunicationandemotion.
[C]It’spossiblethatwecouldhavecomputerssmarterthanhumanbeings.
[D]Ambientintelligencewillbethefirststepinmakingconsciouscomputers.
8.ByreferringtoBlueGene,theauthorintendstoshow.
[A]humanconsciousnessisnotunique[B]itishardtobelievePearson’sassumption
[C]computertechnologyisadvancingrapidly[D]intelligentmachineswillbecomeverycomplex
9.Arollabledisplaywhichcanbewrappedaroundthearmislikelytoappearinthephaseof.
[A]ambientintelligence[B]simplicity
[C]virtualworlds[D]consciouscomputers
10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
[A]DigitalImmortalityIswithinOurGrasp.
[B]High-techFantasies:
VirtualWorlds.
[C]AnExtraordinaryVisionofArtificialIntelligence.
[D]TheMergerofInformationTechnologyandBiology.
Text306.8
We’removingintoanotherera,asthetoxiceffectsofthebubbleanditsgraveconsequencesspreadthroughthefinancialsystem.Justacoupleofyearsagoinvestorsdreamedof20percentreturnsforever.Nowsurveysshowthatthey’redowntoa“realistic”8percentto10percentrange.
Butwhatifthenextfewyearsturnouttobebelownormalexpectations?
MartinBarnersoftheBankCreditAnalystinMontrealexpectsfuturestockreturnstoaveragejust4percentto6percent.Soundimpossible?
Afteramuchsmallerbubblethatburstinthemid-1960sStandard&
Poor’s5000stockaveragereturned6.9percentayear(withdividendsreinvested)forthefollowing17years.Fewinvestorsarepreparedforthat.
Rightnowdenialseemstobetheattitudeofchoice.That’stypical,saysLoriLucasofHewitt,theconsultingfirm.Youhatetolookatyourinvestmentswhenthey’regoingdown.Hewitttracks500,000401(k)accountseveryday,andfindsthatsaversarekeepingtheircontributionsup.Butthey’remuchlessinclinedtoswitchtheirmoneyaround.“It’stheslot-machineeffect,”Lucassays.“Peoplegetmoreinterestedinplayingwhentheythinkthey’vegotahotmachine”—andnothing’shottoday.Theaverageinvestorfeelsoverwhelmed.
Againstallcommonsense,manysaversstillshuttheireyestothedangersofowningtoomuchcompanystock.Inbigcompanieslastyear,asurprising29percentofemployeesheldatleastthreequartersoftheir402(k)intheirownstock.
Youngeremployeesmayhavenochoice.Youoftenhavetowaituntilyou’re50or55beforeyoucansellanycompanystockyougetasamatchingcontribution.
Butinsteadofgettingoutwhentheycan,oldparticipantshavebeenholding,too.Onethirdofthepeople60andupchosecompanystockforthreequartersoftheirplan,Hewittreports.Aretheyinattentive?
Loyaltoafault?
Sick?
It’sasifLucent,EnronandXeroxneverhappened.
Noinvestorshouldgivehisor
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