工程施工中质量事故的成因分析及预防对策毕业论文外文翻译Word文档格式.docx
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工程施工中质量事故的成因分析及预防对策毕业论文外文翻译Word文档格式.docx
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PlentyofAccidentInvestigationresultsshowed.Causedbyhumanerrorproblemisthequalityofbuildingsdamagedoneofthemainreasons,inaddition,Italsoincreasedtoalargeextentinotherdisasterscausedbytheinjury.
Thearticleisnotforconstructionanddesignerrorscausedbytwoaspectsofthequalityofanalysis,andinatargetedmannertopreventtheoccurrenceoftheseaccidentscountermeasures.
Keywords:
Concrete;
Construction;
Qualityaccidents
Athomeandabroadlotofaccidentsresultsofthesurveyshowedthathumanerrorcausedbythequalityofbuildingsanddestroyedoneofthemainreasons.Humanerrorfromthedecisionbythelimitationsofthinking,itisdifficulttoavoid,itmayoccurinthestructureofthedesign,construction,useallpartsoftheirbuildingsontheimpacthasvaried,themoreserioushumanerrorinconstructionmakenormaluseconditions,evenintheconstructionprocessofdestruction,Andmorehumanerrorsmadestructuralsafetyreliabilityreduced,intheearthquake,Strongwindsandsomeotheraccidentalincidentinspiredrole,buildingsdestroyed.Inthispaper,thedesignandconstructionofbadmistakescausedbytwoaspectsofthequalityoftheanalysis,andtargetedproposedtopreventtheseaccidentsfromoccurring,todesign,constructionandsupervisionunitshavesomereferencevalue.
ConstructioncausedbythebadqualityoftheconstructionaccidentinvestigationunitfoundthatConcreteConstructionoftheconstructionprocessisthemostpronetohumanerrorinalink.Duetothestrengthofconcretenon-intuitive,andtheimpactonitsdifficulttofind,thusthestrengthoftheconcretestructurehasbecomelessthanalargerthreat.
Concreteconstructionprocess,whichoccurredfrequentlycausedbyhumanerroraccidentsare:
1Waterlaxcontrol.Manycases,constructionworkerstomixing,pouringconvenience,artificiallyincreasedconsumption,increasedwater-cementratio,strengthandlowerdensity.
2Cementqualityassurance.Cementstorageconditionsingeneral,thelowertheintensityatanytimeasked.Requiredstorageformorethan3months,thecementmustbere-examinedinaccordancewiththeactualuseoflabeling.Manyoftheconstructionunitisoftenoverlookedinthiswork;
Plusmaterialsisirrational.storinglargeamountsofcementexpireduponthefactorylabeluse,theactualstrengthoftheconcretelower.
3Artificiallylowerthegradeofconcrete.Duetothecurrentconstructionmarketmanagementreasons,someconstructionunits,theone-sidedpursuitofeconomicefficiency,ConcreteDesignartificiallylowerthegrade.
4Notmeetstrictcontrolover.Constructionmeasurementmeansbecausetheoriginalmaterialsweighingveryaccurate,theaggregatemoisturelackofunderstanding,actualincreaseinwater-cementratio.
5Tampingnottrue.Causedhoneycomb,face,exposedbar,openingsandotherdefects.Inaddition,theconcrete-pouringaftermeticulousconservation,tomaintainthenecessarytemperature,especiallyinwintershouldpayevenmoreattentionto.
6Templateproblems.Goodqualitytemplatestrongdemand,tight,flatandsmooth.Commonproblemswiththetemplatestrength,stiffnessenough,notwood-planningpeace,steelmolduncorrected,theWeldslaxandotherailments.Causedaboutdistortedconcretecomponents,Pock,cellular,openingsandotherailments.Inaddition,theconcretehasnotreachedtheintensitynormstooearlyknockout,orfailtocomplywithregulationstoknockouttheorder.Coagulationdisabilitiescausedthecrackingordamage.Duetotheconstructionprocessreinforcedthepositionofvisualandhumanerroroccurredlesslikely,butnottotallyavoided.Duetobendsteelcomponentreliabilityofthelocationofhumanerrortobemoresensitivethispaperalsoreinforcedtheconstructionprocessofhumanerrorswereanalyzed.Engineeringsurveysindicatedthatthereinforcedconstructionpronetohumanerrorsare:
theassemblingofsteelframesisnotsolid,Reinforcedfixedlocationarenotreliable,resultingintheprocessofpouringconcretereinforcedbythepositionchange;
Duetothecurrentdesignunits(especiallysmallandmedium-designunits)fromthecoarsemap,inadditiontopoorqualityofconstruction,Feedingstirrupcausedcalculationerrors,andprocessingthestirrupssometimessizeistoosmall,highlyeffectivecomponentdecreased;
Constructionpersonneltotheforcesonthefeatureisnotclear,willbereinforcedplaceddislocations.
Meanwhile,theBuildinginternalmanagementproblemscausedbytheaccidentsshouldnotbeoverlooked.Investigationshaveshownthatthefollowingmainaspects:
oneisthelargenumberofworkssurveyfoundthatConstructionoperatorshaveamorewidespreadmentalitythatisthemisunderstandingthathavedesignedasafer,Sosmallerrorshavelittleeffectontheproject.Whatismoreseriousisthatsuchaconceptdrivenbysomeevendeliberatelysteelandcementtoreducethedosage,Insuchamistakeundernormalconditionsofusemaynothaveanaccident,earthquake,strongwinds,fireincidentinspiredsomefortuitousrole,thebuildingwillbedamaged,causingmajorlosses.2isnotinaccordancewiththedrawings,andevenwithoutthedrawingsaffectingqualityofconstructioninsomeofthesesmallandmediumconstructionenterprisescommon.
Threeconstructionmarketsisnotstandardizedphenomenonaffectingthequalityoftheproject.Althoughsomeoftheworkscarriedoutbythetender,butsomeofthesuccessfulbidderisaprivatelinkqualificationcertificatesfromtheenterprise.Inaddition,thedirectmanagementoftheconstructionsitetechnicalstaff,thelowlevelofpoorqualityandsomeareevennotqualifiedcertification.4infrastructuresisnotinaccordancewiththeproceduresaffectingthequalityoftheproject.Withouttheapprovalofrelevantdepartments,theunauthorizedwork.
Constructiondesignnotfirst,notfirstsurveydesign,builtonlyexistbutneglectquality.Designblamefortheaccidentqualityofreinforcedconcretestructuresinthedesignofqualityaccidentscausedmainlyinthefollowingaspects:
1Designandcalculationerrors.ThereDesignandMappingerrors,failedtocheckoutproofreading;
Loadlesscountingorunder-counting.copiedasetofready-madeplansortheuseofstandardmapafternotreviewinlightoftheactualsituation;
theproblemsencounteredbythemorecomplicated,peopledonothaveadeepstudymadeinappropriatesimplification;
blindlybelievethattheICC.Duetotheimportationofincorrectorstructuralcalculationmodelandproceduresdonotconformtotheassumptionthattheoutputasaresultoftheoutcomeisnotnecessarilycorrect.Butstillblindlyuseofthiscalculationresults;
designreliabilityinadequateintakeorlow,thesephenomenawillleadtoaccidents.
2Wrongwiththeprogramcausedbytheaccident.Ifthestructureistoolongbutaccountsexcessiveregulatoryrequirementssetjoints;
structuralfoundationbearingcapacityunderthebigdifferencetwoormorelayers,withoutpropertreatment;
Asymmetricphysicalstructure,Unevenweightdistribution;
Transmissionsystemstructureisnotclear;
bythedynamicloadofthestructureofthenaturalfrequencyandvibrationfrequenciessimilarnottakeappropriatemeasures;
overallstabilityofthestructureenough,andsoon.Moreproofoftheprogramdidnotfullyconsiderorevenneglected.
3Lackofemergencysecondarydefensecapability.China'
srelevantregulationsaboutwhenasuddenaccidentalincidentstoallowthepartialdestructionofthestructure.Butshouldmaintainforaperiodoftimenotforthecollapseoccurred,tomaintaintheoverallstabilityofthestructure.Thisdesignisoftenoverlookedbythestaff.
4Structuraldetailsforimproperhandling.Somedesignersheavy,lightstructure,thatstructureisnotimportanttodealwith,nowell-designed,Ifnotlocatedunderthegirderbeampad;
Anchoragelengthreinforcedenoughstructuralbarinadequate,unreasonable,etc.nodes.Reinforced-concretestructureandqualityproblemsexistonpeople'
slivesandpropertyconstitutesaseriousthreatHowtocontrolandreduceincidentsofqualityengineershasbecomeasubjectofstudyandhasarangeofpossiblemeasures,suchasstrengtheningtheworkoftheinspection,attentiontoqualityeducationincidentsknowledge,improvetheworkingenvironment.Currentlyintheconstructionprocessofimplementingstructuralengineeringhasbeenwidelyusedandismoreeffectivequalitycontrolcheckisaccidents,Ifcalculatedonthedesigndrawingsanddesignverification,qualitycheckingandsoon.
Basedontheactualsituationofthequalityofthefollowingtopreventtheaccidentresponse.
1Strengtheningofthemanagementanddesignunits,theunitisdesignedinstrictqualificationsystemofannualexaminations,Constructionwillmapasacheckontheannualevaluationofanimportantcomponent.
2Increaseoftheconstructionmarketactorsmanagement,inparticulartostrengthenthedesign,constructionandsupervisionofthemanagementofbidding,wellandthemarketpotentialactorswhoareconcerned.
3Increasequalityoftheconstructionunitonlendinglinkedthecrackdowntoensurethattheconstructionoftechnicalinput,noappointmentlicensetopractice.
4Standardizesupervisionunit’sactsprohibitedbytheCommissionermadearbitrarysellbusiness,technicalsupervisiontoensurethenormalinput.
5Increaseprojectsintheinvestigationabouthowinfrastructureprocedures,undocumented(planning,constructionpermits),Noplan(withoutsuchconstruction)oftheconstructionproject,oncefound
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- 工程施工 质量事故 成因 分析 预防 对策 毕业论文 外文 翻译