高考英语词汇总复习一.docx
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高考英语词汇总复习一.docx
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高考英语词汇总复习一
2020高考英语词汇总复习一
1.inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully_____.
a.admittedb.acknowledgedc.absorbedd.considered
[答案]d.considered
[注释]considered考虑;admit承认;absorb吸收。
[注意]acknowledge1)(=agreeoradmitthetruthof;confess)承认,供认;a.heacknowledgedhismistake.(他承认了他的错误。
)b.接动名词heacknowledgedhavingbeenbeaten.(他承认被打败了。
)2)(expressthanksfor)致谢;a.maryacknowledgedthegiftwithapleasantletter.(玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。
)b.hislongservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.(向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司的服务。
)
2.theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents'_____.
a.commandb.convictionc.consentd.compromise
[答案]c.consent
[注释]consent同意,赞成,答应。
conviction深信,确信。
compromise妥协,折中。
command命令,指令;掌握,运用能力。
3.ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____astobeabletochangebrainchemistry.
a.powerfulb.influentialc.monstrousd.vigorous
[答案]a.powerful
[注释]powerful(=havingorproducinggreatpower)强有力的。
在这里四个形容词中,只有powerful(有效力的)可与表示药物的名词搭配。
influential有影响的,有势力的,monstrous异常大的,vigorous精力旺盛的,强健有力的。
4.thelostcaroftheleeswasfound_____inthewoodsoffthehighway.
a.vanishedb.abandonedc.scatteredd.rejected
[答案]b.abandoned
[注释]abandoned(=giveupcompletely)放弃,抛弃;1)thescientistabandonedhisresearchforlackoffund.2)thesailorsabandonedtheburningship
[注意]abandon暗指某人对其所抛弃的人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣,如把撞坏的汽车抛弃在路旁。
vanish(=suddenlydisappear;gooutofexistence)vi.消失,绝迹;1)theairplanevanishedintotheclouds.2)manykindsofanimalshavevanishedformtheearth.(许多种类的动物以在地球上绝迹。
)scatter(=send,goindifferentdirection)驱使,使分散;thepolicescatteredthecrowed.(警察驱散人群。
)(=throworputinvariousdirections)撒,到处放;hescatteredhisclothesallovertheroom.reject(=refusetoaccept)拒绝接受;sherejectedmysuggestion
5.henry'snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_____thatnothinghadbeenomitted.
a.understandingprehensible
prehensived.understandable
[答案]c.comprehensive.
[注释]comprehensive完全的无所不包的;comprehensible能懂的,可以理解的;understandable可以理解的,主要用来指人的行为。
understanding用来指人时,表示"善于理解别人或别人问题的(人)。
"注意下面的搭配:
acomprehensivemap(街区详图);acomprehensibleremark(听得懂的话),anunderstandablemistake(可以理解的错误);anunderstandingfriend(一位能理解人的朋友)。
6.shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher_____toscotland.
a.ticketb.placec.seatd.connection
[答案]d.connection
[注释]loseone'sconnectionto误了到......地方去的(汽车、火车、轮船的)联运;thetrainwaslateandimissedmyconnection.
7.theshipwas_____inastormoffjamaica.
a.drownedb.sunkc.wreckedd.submitted
[答案]c.wrecked
[注释]wreckvt.撞坏,毁坏;1)mysonwreckedmycar.2)mycarwascompletelywreckedintheaccident.
sinkvt.下沉,沉没,该动词也可作及物动词用,意为“使下沉”,但按本题句意看,用被动语态不妥。
drown溺死,淹死:
(vt.)hedrownedhiswife.(vi)hedrownedintheriver.(他在河里淹死了。
)submit1)(=putoneselfunderthecontrolofanother)提交,呈送(to):
shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?
(妻子应顺从他丈夫吗?
)2)(=putforwardforoption,discussion,decisionect.)提出(供评论、讨论决定等)youmustsubmityourrequesttothecommittee.3)(=surrender(to),givein)屈服,投降:
afterbeingdefeated,theysubmittedtotheenemy.(打败后,他们向敌人投降了。
)
8.noonehas_____beenabletotracetheauthorofthepoem.
a.stillb.yetc.alreadyd.just
[答案]b.yet
[注释]yet常用于现在完成时的否定句中,意为“尚,还”。
9.morethanone-thirdofthechineseintheunitedstatesliveincalifornia,_____insanfrancisco.
a.previouslyb.predominantlycpracticallyd.permanently
[答案]b.predominantly.
[注释]predominantly(=mostly;mainly)主要地。
previously(=comingearlierintimeororder)先前,早先;thisisbetterthananysolutionpreviously.(这个办法比以前提出的任何解决办法都好。
)practically(=really;inapracticalway)实际上。
permanently(=goingonforalongtime)永久地。
本题译文:
在美国,华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲,其中主要是在旧金山。
10.thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_____reportonlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails.
a.conciseb.clearc.precised.elaborate
[答案]a.concise.
[注释]concise(=brief;givingmuchinformationinfewwords)简明扼要的:
hegaveaconcisereportofthemeeting.(他对会议作了简明扼要的报道。
)clear清楚的。
precise(=exact;correctlystated;freeformerror)精确的,明白无误的;pleasetellmetheprecisemeasurements.(请告诉我精确的尺寸。
)elaborate(=workedoutwithmuchcare;carefullyprepared)精心制作的,丰盛的:
peterworkedoutanelaborateschemeforraisingthemoney.(彼得制定了一项详尽得计划来筹集着笔款项。
)孤立地看,似乎4个形容词均能修饰report,但从句子的逻辑关系看,后半句中有onlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails,故concise是最贴切的选择了。
11.themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.
a.guiltb.chargec.blamed.accusatio
[答案]c.blame.
[注释]taketheblamefor对......承担责任。
takechargeof负责管理(照顾)。
[注意]charge前无冠词the.
12.theworkeragreedto_____thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfytheirdemands.
a.callforb.callforthc.calloffd.callup
[答案]c.calloff[注释]详见iii,25,26注释。
13.icouldjustseeacarinthedistance,buticouldn't_____whatcoloritwas.
a.lookoutb.makeoutc.getacrossd.takeafter
[答案]b.makeout[注释]详见iii,123注释。
14.hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_____heissoontobepromoted.
a.eventuallyb.yetc.finallyd.accordingly
[答案]d.accordingly.
[注释]accordingly(=forthatreason,therefore)因此,所以。
15.itwasagreat_____forhimtobepleasanttopeoplehedidn'tlike.
a.attemptb.troublec.powerd.effort
[答案]d.effort.
[注释]effort(作可数名词用)(=vigorousattempt)努力的尝试:
doesitrequireagreateffortofwilltogiveupsmoking?
(戒烟需要坚强的毅力吗?
)
16.thefiremenmanagedto_____thefireintime.
a.extinguishb.preventc.suppressd.ruin
[答案]a.extinguish.
[注释]extinguish(=putout)vt.扑灭(火焰等)。
stopthefire虽然也可以搭配,但按本句题意用extinguish为最佳。
17.whatismostobviousinthisbookareallthosedetailsofdailylivingwhichmakemrs.richard_____common.
a.nothingbutb.anythingbutc.abovealld.ratherthan
[答案]b.anythingbut.
[注释]anythingbut(=farfrombeing)根本不;theboysknewtheybadbrokentherules,andtheywereanythingbuthappywhentheywerecalledtotheoffice.(=theywereunhappyandafraid.)nothingbut只不过;don'thavehimforafriend;he'snothingbutacriminal.(不要把他当朋友,他只不过是个罪犯。
)ihavenothingbuttwodollars.(我只有2美元。
)aboveall最重要的。
ratherthan而不是
18.thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.
a.brokenoffb.takenoffc.writtenoffd.pickedup
[答案]c.writtenoff.
[注释]writeoff报废,参看iii,200.注释;breakoff参看iii.13.注释;takeoff参看iii.170.注释;pickup参看iii.130,129.注释。
19.onthishappyoccasion,i'dliketosaythatweare_____muchobligedtoyouforyourkindcooperation.
a.evensob.eversoc.asyetd.sofar
[答案]b.everso.
[注释]everso(=very)非常;it'seversocold.与名词搭配时则用eversuch,如:
she'seversuchanicegirl.(她是一位非常好的姑娘。
)evenso(=althoughthatistrue,nevertheless;still)即使如此:
thefirewasout,butevenso,thesmellofsmokewasstrong.(=thefirewasout,butthesmellwasstillthere.)
20.hisnewappointmenttakes_____fromthebeginningofnextmonth.
a.placeb.effectc.postd.office、
[答案]b.effect.[注释]takeeffect生效。
21.thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand_____himofspeeding.
a.chargedb.accusedc.blamedd.deprived
[答案]b.accused.
[注释]accusesb.of...控告某人犯有......,warnsb.of警告、告戒某人有......deprivesb.ofsth.剥夺某人某事。
chargesb.withmurder(指控某人犯有杀人罪)。
22.mr.smithgradually_____aknowledgeofthesubject.
a.attainedb.achievedc.requiredd.acquired
[答案]d.acquired.
[注释]acquired(=gainforoneselfbyskillorability,byone'sowneffortsorbehavior)(由技术、能力、努力或行为)获得;得到:
hehasacquiredagoodcommandofenglishlanguage.(他已精通英语。
)achieve,vt.取得(胜利、成功等),实现(目标、目的等)。
attain,vt.达到(目的等),取得(成就等):
1)ihopeyouwillattainyourobject.(我希望你会达到你的目的。
)2)heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.
23.thisisthe_____pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatestworks.
a.actualb.genuinec.reald.original
[答案]a.actual
[注释]本题中actual(=existinginfact,notimaginary)实际使用过的。
actual,read,genuine是同义词,有时可以互换,如:
anactual(orreal)eventinhistory,(历史上的真实事件),real(orgenuine)banknotes(真钞票),其反义词是false(假的);original(原来的),其反义词是duplicate(复制的)。
从不同的角度看,似乎任何一个选择都说得过去,但按照题意选a.actual最佳,因为题中强调的不是钢琴的真假,而是指作曲家“实际使用过的”。
本题译文:
这是作曲家创作他的一些杰出作品时实际使用过的那台钢琴。
24.mycameracanbe_____totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.
a.treatedb.adoptedc.adjustedd.remedied
[答案]c.adjusted.
[注释]adjust(=arrange,putinorderoragreement;makesuitableorconvenientforuse)强调,调节,使适应;thebodyadjustsitselftochangeoftemperature.(身体能自行调节以适应温度的变化。
)myeyeshavenotbeenadjustedtodarkyet.(我的眼睛还没有适应黑暗。
)本句中adjust是不及物动词。
imustadjustmywatch.it'sslow.(我必须调一下我的表。
它走得慢了。
)
25.accordingtothepsychoanalystsigmundfreud,wisdomcomesfromthe_____ofmaturity.
a.fulfillmentb.achievement
c.establishmentd.accomplishment
[答案]b.achievement
[注释]achievement(=somethingsuccessfullyfinishedorgainedespeciallythroughskillandhardwork)取得,达到,成就。
例如:
achievementage智力成熟年龄。
fulfilment(=theactoffulfillingorconditionofbeingfulfilled)履行,实行。
如:
hewaswillingtofaceanyhardshipinfulfilmentofhisduties.(他愿意迎向困难去履行他得职责。
)establishment建立,建设。
accomplishment(顺利)完成:
itwasagreataccomplishmenttofinishthehousecleaningintwodays.(两天内打扫完这栋屋子是件很了不起的事。
)
26.thenumberoftickets_____willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.
a.adaptableb.acceptablec.advisabled.available
[答案]d.available.
[注释]available.(=capableofbeingused;thatmaybeobtained)可用的,有效的,可得到的。
例如:
1)therearenodoctorsavailableintheremoteareas.(在边远地区没有大夫。
)2)thereticketsareavailableforonmonth.(这些票
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