P2考官文章以及删减的准则Word文档格式.docx
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P2考官文章以及删减的准则Word文档格式.docx
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GeneralComments
Thepaperdealtwithawiderangeofissuesandaccountingstandards.Thepaperwasquitetestingbutcandidatesrespondedwellresultinginasatisfactorypassrate.Candidatesgenerallyappliedgoodexaminationtechniquesinansweringthepaper.Howeveryetagaintherewasevidenceofcandidatesonlyansweringtwoquestionsratherthanthethreequestionsrequired.ThiswasparticularlytrueofthosecandidatessittingtheMalaysianandHongKongpapers.Candidatesseemtobeansweringthe50markquestionquitewellbutoftentheethicssectionisnotbeinganswered.Thiswouldseemtosuggestthateithercandidateshaveaproblemwithethicalissueswhichisaconcernorcandidatesdonotappreciatetheimportanceofattemptingalloftheexaminationpaper.Anadditionalissuethatwasapparentwasthatcandidatesstilldonothaveagoodunderstandingofaccountingforfinancialinstrumentswhichareexaminedfrequentlyinthispaper.Anunderstandingoftheaccountingtreatmentoffinancialinstrumentsisafundamentalpre-requisiteforsittingthispaper.
SpecificComments
QuestionOne
Thequestionrequiredcandidatestoprepareaconsolidatedstatementofcomprehensiveincome,describetheamendmentstotherulesregardingreclassificationoffinancialassets,anddiscusshowtheserulescouldleadto‘managementofearnings’.Furthercandidateswereaskedtodiscussthenatureofandincentivesfor‘managementofearnings’andwhethersuchaprocesscouldbedeemedtobeethicallyacceptable.Candidatesgenerallyperformedwellinthisquestion.Candidateswererequiredtocalculategoodwillonthepurchaseofasubsidiaryinordertodeterminetheimpairmentofgoodwilltobechargedintheincomestatement.Candidatesseemedtohaveagoodknowledgeofthecalculationofgoodwillunderthefullgoodwillmethod.Thequestionalsodealtwiththesaleofanequityinterestinasubsidiarywhichresultedinapositivemovementinequitywhichwasdealtbyamovementonequityandnotthroughothercomprehensiveincome.Finallyasregardsthegroupaccounting,candidateshadtodealwiththesaleofacontrollinginterestwhichresultedintheretentionofanassociateinterest.Generallycandidatesperformedwellthispartofthequestion.Thequestionalsorequiredcandidatestodealwiththeaccountingforanavailable-for-salefinancialinstrumentusingamortisedcost.Candidatesmadeareasonableattemptatthiselementofthequestion.Otherelementsofthequestionincludeddealingwithrevenuerecognition,revaluationgains/lossesonproperty,plantandequipment,calculatingnoncontrollinginterestandaccruingholidaypayfortheentity.Inaquestionsuchasthis,itisveryeasytomakeamistakeincalculation.Thusitisalwaysimportanttoshowworkingsinaclearconcisemannersothatmarkscanbeallocatedfortheprinciplesandmethodusedbythecandidate.
Partbofthequestionrequiredknowledgeoftherecentchangeinaccountingforthereclassificationoffinancialinstrument.Candidatesdidnotperformwellonthispartofthequestion.Itisimportantthatcandidateskeepabreastofrecentdevelopmentsasthepaperfrequentlyexaminesrecentpronouncements.Managementofearningswasthetopicwhichlinkedpartsbandc.Candidateswouldbenefitfromwiderreadinginthisareaandalsointheareaofethics.Oftencandidates’answersarenarrowandseemtolackapplication.Afewhoursresearchingmanagementofearningsandethicscouldbeverybeneficial.Candidateswhoansweredpartconethicsperformedsatisfactorily.
Agoodperformanceonquestion1bycandidatesiskeytosuccessinthepaper.Goodperformancealwaysslinkedtoansweringallpartsofthequestionandtoafundamentalunderstandingofgroupaccounting.However,candidatesshouldnotspendadisproportionateamountoftimeonthequestion.
QuestionTwo
Thisquestiondealtwithrealworldscenariostakenfromcorporatefinancialstatements.Itisimportantthattheexampaperreflectsactualissuesinfinancialstatementsandthatcandidatescanapplytheirknowledgetothesescenarios.Thefirstscenariodealtwithdeferredtaxassetsandtheirrecognitioninfinancialstatements.Thispartofthequestionwaswellanswered.PartbdealtwithimpairmentofassetswhereanentitywishedtouseaExaminer’sreport–P2June20101
methodnotinaccordancewiththestandard.Itrequiredcandidatestoapplytheirknowledgetothesituationandnotjustrepeattherulesinthestandard.Thispartofthequestionwaswellanswered.
Partclookedatasituationwhereacompanyhadadirectholdingofsharesandthesubsidiaryissuednewshareswhichwerenotsubscribedforbytheholdingcompanywiththeresultthattheinterestwasreducedtothatofnassociate.ThequestionrequiredcandidatestodeterminewhethertheresultsshouldbepresentedbasedonprinciplesprovidedbyIFRS5Non-currentAssetsHeldforSaleandDiscontinuedOperations.Candidatesperformedquitewellonthispart.Thekeytosuccessistosetouttheprinciplesinthestandardandthentoapplyeachonetothecaseinpoint.
Thefinalpartdealtwiththeexistenceofavoluntaryfundestablishedinordertoprovideapost-retirementbenefitplantoemployees.Theentityconsidereditscontributionstotheplantobevoluntary,andhadnotrecordedanyrelatedliabilityinitsconsolidatedfinancialstatements.Theentityhadahistoryofpayingbenefitstoitsformeremployees,andtherewereseveralotherpiecesofinformationinthequestion.Candidateshadtoapplytheirknowledgeofdefinedbenefitschemestothescenario.Itdidnotrequireanindepthknowledgeoftheaccountingstandardbutanabilitytoapplytheprinciples.Thequestionwasansweredsatisfactorilybycandidates.
QuestionThree
Thisquestionwasacasestudytypequestionbasedaroundacompanyintheedibleoilindustry.Thecompanyprocessedandsoldedibleoilsandusedseveralfinancialinstrumentstospreadtheriskoffluctuationinthepriceoftheedibleoils.Additionally,thecompanywasunclearastohowthepurchaseofthebrandsandcertainentitiesshouldbeaccountedfor.
Itinvolvedknowledgeofderivatives,hedgingandembeddedderivativesatafundamentallevel.Candidatesdidnothavetoapplytheirknowledgetoanydegreebutsimplyhadtorecognisethenatureofthevariousfinancialinstrumentsinvolvedanddiscusstheiraccountingtreatment.Thisknowledgeisessentialknowledgeandwillbeexaminedinfuturediets.Candidates’answersweresatisfactoryinthemainbutfewcandidatesrecognisedtheembeddedderivative.Theaccountingforthebrandswasquitewellansweredwithmanystudentsgaininghighmarks.ThefinalpartrequiredcandidatestoapplyIFRS3BusinessCombinationstoascenario.Theanswerswereoftenquitepoorwiththemainweaknessbeingtheapplicationoftheknowledgeandtheunderstandingofthenatureofthepurchaseoftheentities.
QuestionFour
Thisquestionrequiredcandidatestodiscussthereasonswhythecurrentleaseaccountingstandardsmayfailtomeettheneedsofusersandcouldbesaidtobeconceptuallyflawed.Thesecondpartofthequestionrequiredadiscussionofaplantoperatingleaseinthefinancialstatementsmetthedefinitionofanassetandliabilityassetoutinthe‘FrameworkforthePreparationandPresentationofFinancialStatements.’Candidates’answerswerequitenarrowintheirdiscussionoftheweaknessesintheaccountingstandards.Thedefinitionsofassetandliabilitywerewellrehearsedandcandidatesscoredwellonthispartofthequestion.Itisapparentthatveryfewcandidatesreadwidely.Thisquestionalwaysdealswithcurrentissueswhichmeanthatawiderreadingbaseisrequiredtoachieveagoodmark.AccountingandBusiness,andthestudentaccountantarejusttwoexamplesofmagazinesthatprovidewiderexposuretocurrentissues.
Thefinalpartofthequestionrequiredcandidatestoshowtheaccountingentriesintheyearofthesaleandleasebackassumingthatanoperatingleasewasrecognisedasanassetinthestatementoffinancialpositionandtostatehowaninflationadjustmentonashorttermoperatingleaseshouldbedealtwithinthefinancialstatementsofanentity.Thepurposeofthisquestionwastoshowhowachangeinthecurrentaccountingstandards(byrecognisingoperatingleasesinthestatementoffinancialposition)wouldaffecttheiraccountingtreatment.Thequestionwaswellansweredandcandidatesscoredwellgenerallyonthisquestion.
Examiner’s
2011年P2考纲的变化
ACCA发布了明年P2的考纲
没有重大变化,还是原来8方面的能力,主要变化如下:
1、新增
-AccountingtreatmentsapplicabletoSMEs
-Requirementsforagrouptoprepareconsolidatedfinancialstatements,exemptionsfrompreparationoffinancialstatementsandreasonsdirectorsmaywishtoexcludesubsidiariesfromconsolidation
-Entityreconstructions
-Identifywhenanentitymaynolongerbeagoingconcern
-Circumstanceswhereareconstructionisanalternativetoliquidation
-Accountingtreatmentofreconstructions
2、删除
a)Evaluatetheconsistencyandclarityofcorporatereports
b)Assesstheinsightintofinancialandoperationalrisksprovidedby
corporatereports
c)Discusstheusefulnessofcorporatereportsinmakinginvestment
decisions
d)Describetheprincipalobjectiveofestablishingastandardfor
enterprisesreportinginthecurrencyofahyper-inflationary
economy
e)Outlinetheissuesinimplementingachangetonewaccounting
standardsincludingorganisational,behavioural,andprocedural
changeswithintheentity
f)Applyanddiscusstheimplicationsofaproposedchangetoan
accountingstandardontheperformanceandstatementof
financialpositionofanentity
g)Discus
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- P2 考官 文章 以及 删减 准则
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