经济学原理对应练习 19Word下载.docx

经济学原理对应练习 19Word下载.docx

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CompensatingdifferentialsMSC:

Definitional

2.Adifferenceinwagesthatarisestooffsetthenonmonetarycharacteristicsofdifferentjobsisknownas

b.aninefficiencywage.

c.theequilibriumdifference.

d.aunionwage.

19-1

3.Workinginaslaughterhouseismuchriskierandmoreunpleasantthanworkinginabookstore.Asaresult,we'

dexpectadifferenceinwagesbetweenthetwojobs.Thedifferenceisknownas

a.anefficiencywage.

b.acompensatingdifferential.

c.awageadjustment.

BPTS:

4.Theterm"

compensatingdifferential"

refersto

a.thefactthatworkerswhodosimilarworkshouldbepaidthesamewage.

b.thefactthatsomeworkerslivefurtherfromtheirjobsthandootherworkers.

c.awagedifferencethatisdistinguishableonthebasisofmonetarycharacteristics.

d.awagedifferencethatarisesfromnonmonetarycharacteristicsofdifferentjobs.

DPTS:

2REF:

5.Workerswhoworkthenightshiftareoftenpaidmorethanthosewhodoidenticalworkonthedayshift.Thisisreferredtoasa

a.discriminatorywagepractice.

b.compensatingdifferential.

c.wageinequity.

d.amarketinefficiency.

6.Factoryworkerswhoworkthedayshiftearnlessperhourthansimilarly-skilledfactoryworkerswhoworkonthenightshift.Thedifferenceinpayisattributedto

a.themarginalproductoflabor.

b.themarginalproductofcapital.

c.diminishingmarginalreturns.

d.acompensatingdifferential.

Applicative

7.Thestatementthat"

nightshiftworkersmakeahigherwagethandayshiftworkers"

islikelytoreflectthefactthat

a.mostpeople'

spreferenceistoworkthedayshift.

b.somepeopleprefertoworkanightshiftfornonmonetaryreasons.

c.nightshiftjobsaregenerallymoretechnicallydifficult.

d.morewomenthanmenworkthenightshift.

Interpretive

8.Wagedifferencesthatcan'

tbeexplainedbythenumberofyearsoftrainingarelikelytoresultfromfactorsassociatedwith

a.demandbutnotsupply.

b.supplybutnotdemand.

c.compensatingdifferentials.

d.conditionsofregulatedmarkets.

CPTS:

9.Ifaworkerisindifferentbetweenajobwithawageof$12perhourandajobwithawageof$15perhour,thenthe

a.higher-payingjobenjoysacompensatingwagedifferentialof$3perhour.

b.higher-payingjobenjoysacompensatingwagedifferentialof$15perhour.

c.higher-payingjobisintrinsicallymoreattractivethanthelower-payingjob.

d.worker'

spreferencesarenotrational.

10.Patrickisconsideringtwodifferentjobsinthesamecity-oneasabicyclecourierandtheotherasamailroomclerk.Bothrequireequivalenttraining.Hefindsneitherjobveryappealing,but,iftheypaythesamewagerate,Patrickwouldprefertoworkasamailroomclerk.InorderforPatricktofindthetwojobsequallyattractive,the

a.mailroomjobmustpayacompensatingwagedifferential.

b.mailroomjobmustpayanefficiencywage.

c.courierjobmustpayacompensatingwagedifferential.

d.courierjobmustpayanefficiencywage.

11.Onaverage,electricianswhoworkondangeroushigh-voltagepowerlinesearnmoreperhourthansimilarlyskilledelectricianswhodon'

tworkondangeroushigh-voltagepowerlines.Thedifferenceinpayisattributedto

12.Thestatementthat"

coalminersarepaidmorethanworkerswithsimilarlevelsofeducation"

a.coalminingisadecliningindustry.

b.coalminingjobsarepotentiallymoredangerousthanjobswithcomparableeducationrequirements.

c.allcoalminesuseunionlabor.

d.coalexportsarerising.

13.Thestatementthat"

professorsarepaidlessthanlawyersdespitehavingsimilaramountsofeducation"

islikelytoreflectmarketconditionssuchthat

a.educationisnotlikelytoberelatedtocompensation.

b.professorsreceivelowerwagesbecauseotheraspectsoftheirjobsaremorepleasant.

c.thejobsofdoctorsandlawyersprovidemorejobsatisfactionthanthejobsofprofessors.

d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.

14.Thestatementthat"

publicschoolteachersarepaidlessthanengineersdespitehavingsimilaramountsofeducation"

a.engineeringclassesareuniversallylessdifficultthanareeducationclassesattheuniversity.

b.engineershavelowerintrinsicjobsatisfactionthanpublicschoolteachers.

c.wagediscriminationismorelikelyinmarketsforpublicschoolteachers.

d.thereisnocompensatingwagedifferentialthatappliestopublicschoolteachers.

15.Otherthingsequal,aparticularjobwilllikelypayahigherwageifitinvolves

a.dangertotheworker.

b.personalenjoymentfortheworker.

c.intellectualstimulationfortheworker.

16.ParkrangersatYellowstoneNationalParkareknowntohavelowwages.Thisisprobablybecause

a.parkrangersarerequiredtobecollegegraduates.

b.parkrangersdon'

tneedmuchmoneytolive.

c.parkrangerjobsareperceivedtobedangerous.

d.parkrangerjobsareperceivedtobe"

fun."

17.Whichofthefollowingcomparisonsbestillustratesacompensatingdifferential?

a.John'

swageishigherthanJane'

sbecausethevalueofJohn'

smarginalproductishigherthanJane'

s.

b.Beth'

swageishigherthanBill'

sbecauseBethisverypersonable,andBillisverygruff.

c.Karl'

swageishigherthanKay'

sbecauseKarl'

sjobmaycauselong-termhealthproblems,andKay'

sjobwillnotimpairherhealth.

d.Alloftheabovearegoodillustrationsofcompensatingdifferentials.

18.Publicschoolteachersareknowntohavelowwages.Thisisprobablybecause

a.publicschoolteacherjobsareeasy.

b.publicschoolteachersarerequiredtobecollegegraduates.

c.publicschoolteachersneedverylittlemoneytolive.

d.manypeopleperceivethejobofpublicschoolteachertohaveahighelementofpersonalsatisfaction.

19.Aplumberwhospecializesincleaningpluggedsewerlinesistypicallypaidahigherwagethanaplumberwhoworksoninstallingwatersystemsinnewresidentialhousing.Thiscanbepartiallyexplainedbythefactthat

a.plumberswhoworkwithsewerlinesrequireyearsofspecializedtraining.

b.plumbingjobsthatinvolvesewerlinesarelikelytohaveanelementofpersonalsatisfaction.

c.plumberswhoworkwithsewerlinesaremorelikelytoworkastandardshift.

d.plumberswhoworkwithsewerlinesarelikelytobeperceivedashavinga"

dirty"

job.

20.ThejobofnightwatchmanatthePunxsutawnyPhilGroundhogmuseumisknowntohaveahighwage.Thiscanbepartiallyexplainedbythefactthatthejobislikelyto

a.requirespecializedskills.

b.bedifficult.

c.beincrediblydull.

d.carryahighdegreeofpersonalsatisfaction.

21.Professionalunderwaterdiversareknowntohavehighwagesandworkanaverageofonly20hoursperweek.Thehighwagesarepartiallyexplainedbythefactthatthejobislikely

a.tobeverydull.

b.tobefun.

c.tobeverydangerous.

d.torequireacollegedegree.

22.Assumingthatallotherthingsareequal,includingthewage,whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?

a.Thequantityoflaborsuppliedforeasyjobsexceedsthatfordifficultjobs.

b.Thequantityoflaborsuppliedforfunjobsexceedsthatfordulljobs.

c.Thequantityoflaborsuppliedforsafejobsexceedsthatfordangerousjobs.

23.Taxicabdriversinlargecitiesarelikelytoearnmorethantaxicabdriversinruralareas.Onereasonforthiswagedifferentialcouldbethat

a.drivinginlargecitiesismoredangerousthandrivinginruralareas.

b.drivinginlargecitiesismorefunthandrivin