大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案十五.docx
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大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案十五.docx
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Thefridgeisconsiderednecessary.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodlistappearedwiththelabel:
"Storeintherefrigerator."
InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,1wasfedwellandhealthy.Themilkmancameeveryday,thegrocer,thebutcher(肉商),thebaker,andtheice-creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimeseachweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplus(剩余的)breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.
Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Manywell-triedtechniquesalreadyexisted--naturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling...
Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing---marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheworldinsearchofagoodprice.
Consequently,mostoftheworld’sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butintherichcountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsideanartificially-heatedhouse--whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.
Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeennotimportant.Ifyoudon’tbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinetandmmoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaynoteatthehamburgers(汉堡包),butatleastyou’llgetridofthatterriblehum.
练习题:
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Thestatement"Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily."suggeststhat______.
A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinhisfifties.
B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtofridgeseveninhisfifties.
C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor’shomeinthe1950s.
D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s.
2.Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbeforetheinventionoffridges?
A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary.
B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek.
C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidnotgetrotteneasily.
D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood.
3.Whobenefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Inventors.
B.Consumers.
C.Manufacturers.
D.Travellingsalesmen.
4.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraphindicatesthefridge’snegativeeffectontheenvironment?
A.“Humawaycontinuously”.
B.“Climaticallyalmostunnecessary”.
C.“Artificially-cooledspace”.
D.“Withmildtemperatures”.
5.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardfridges?
A.Neutral.
B.Critical.
C.Objective.
D.Compromising.
1.[C]句意理解题。
由句中的childhood可知,fifties指的应该是50年代,而不可能是50多岁,据此可排除A、B;fridgeless是合成词,由词根fridge"冰箱”和表示否定的后缀-less组成,由可推断其意为“无冰箱的",故C正确。
2.[D]事实细节题。
在第2段中,说到“不会浪费东西”前,作者指出把吃剩的面包和牛奶做成蛋糕,以防止浪费,故D正确。
A、C在文中并未提及,排除;B所述并非不浪费食物的原因,也可排除。
3.[B]观点态度题。
综观全文,作者对认为冰箱不是必备品,最后一段更明确指出,它对人类幸福的贡献微不足道,故可推断,消费者从冰箱中获益最少,故B正确。
4.[A]词义理解题。
A中的hum指"发出嗡嗡声",表明冰箱产生的嗓音,是对环境的负面作用,故正确。
B、D只是指出冰箱在实际上没有必要使用的地区却被广泛使用;C仅说明冰箱是对人工加热房间的影响,并不能说明其对环境的影响,故排除。
5.[B]观点态度题。
考査作者的观点,可根据文中细节得出答案。
第3段首提到,冰箱对保存食物没有多大贡献,最后一段首则指出它对环境的影响已是显而易见的,这些细节都表明作者对冰箱持批评态度。
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