A Comparative Study on Family EducationWord文档格式.docx
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A Comparative Study on Family EducationWord文档格式.docx
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不同的教育方式,对孩子和极其家庭也有着不同的影响。
随着两国之间交易的日益频繁,取长补短,结构适合自己文化的教育理念有着重大的意义。
关键词:
家庭教育中国和美国差异
Abstract
Fromancienttimestomoderntimes,familyeducationhasbeenplayinganimportantroleinthenationaleducationalcause.Asweallknow,parentsarethefirstteachersforthechildren,andthefamilyisthefirstschool.Duetothedifferencesofthehistoricalbackground,economicforms,socialconditionsandthetraditionalculturesbetweenChinaandAmerica,theconcepts,aims,andthemethodsoffamilyeducationaredifferent.Andthetwodifferentkindsoffamilyeducationbringdifferentresultstothechildrenandfamily.
Astheexchangesbetweentwocountrieshavebeenincreasinglyfrequent,learningfromothers’strongpointstooffsetone’sweakness,itisimportanttoconstructtheirownculturaleducationidea.
Keywords:
familyeducation,ChinaandAmerica,differences
Contents
摘要i
Abstractii
Chapter1Introduction1
1.1Thedifferentconceptsoffamilyeducation1
1.2Thedifferentmethodoffamilyeducation1
1.3Thedifferentfocalpointoffamilyeducation2
Chapter2Thereasonsforthedifferences3
2.1Differenthistoricalbackground3
2.2Differenteconomicforms3
2.3Differenttraditionalcultures3
2.3.1Valueorientation3
2.3.2Thinkingstyles3
Chapter3Theresultsoftwodifferentkindsoffamilyeducation4
Chapter4DiscussionsandSuggestions5
Chapter5Conclusion6
References7
Appendixes8
Chapter1Introduction
Peoplewhohadwatched“Guasha”wouldhavecaughtaglimpseofoneofthescene,aChinesefathersawhissonDenisfightingwithhisforeignboss’son,Helethissonsaysorrytotheboss’son,butDenisrejected.Thenheslapshissonintheface.ItisaverycommonphenomenoninChina,buttheforeignbossinthefilmwasshocked,itishardtounderstandwhythefatherapologizedbyslappinghisson.ThissceneshowsaobviousdifferencesofthefamilyeducationbetweenChinaandAmerica.AndtherearealsosomeotherdifferencesofthefamilyeducationbetweenChinaandAmerica,suchastheconcepts,aims,methodsandcontent.
1.1Thedifferentconceptsoffamilyeducation
InChina,mostparentsfeelthattheirresponsibilityfortheirchildrenistocreateasgoodconditionsaspossibletheycansothatthechildrenwillnotworryaboutanythinginthefuture.Sotheycaremoreabouttheirchildren’sfuture,agoodjobandagoodlife,andtheaimisexpectingtheirchildtobea“dragon”,whichis“wangzichenglong”inChinese.Therefore,intheprocessofchildren’sgrowth,themostimportantthingtheparentsconcerningistodeveloptheirchildren’sintellect,andmaketheirchildrenhavemanifoldtalents.While,Americanparentspaymoreattentiononthechildren’sownstrengthandexperiences.MostAmericanparentsemphasizemoretotraintheirchildren’sabilityofindependence,sothattheirchildrenshouldformaself-supportingwillandthecapacitytoliveindependentlysincetheirchildhood.
1.2Thedifferentmethodoffamilyeducation
Asweknow,differentaimanddifferentconceptleadtodifferentmethodanditwouldgetdifferenteffect.InChinesefamily,affectedbyChinesetraditionalculture,parentseducatechildrenby“control”and“seal”type.Parentsprepareallthingsfortheirchildrenandareverystrictwiththem,childrenarenotallowedtogototheoutworldforthecaseofaffectedbybadthings.
Thewestemphasizesthechild’s“powerofunderstanding”.Theylikelettingthechildpracticebyhimself,goingtothenature,seekingtheknowledgefromlife.Theirstudyresidesinmanykindsofforms.Thewesternfamilyhasthespecialcookingclass,thehardworkingclassandtheplayroom.Theydonotthinkthatplayandstudyareconflictingwitheachother,andencouragethechildtostudyoutside,paygreatattentiontothechild’sabilitytoponder.Theparentsusuallyleadthechildinseekingthenature’smystery,helpthemknowaboutthesociety.TheycarryoutDewey’s“educationislife”,“schoolissociety”.Theyencouragethechildtogotothelibrary,themuseumtoreadthebooksheisinterestedin,andparticipateinthesocialpractice.
1.3Thedifferentfocalpointoffamilyeducation
WhattheChina’straditionalculturegraspsislifeandmorals,sotheChinesevaluelifeandthehumanrelationsextremely.Therefore,theChineseparentshaveregardedthemoralsasthehighestvalueorientationintheeducation.Especially,intheChinesemind,“thegoodchild”isachildwhoisobedientandsensibleatfirst,aimsatthecommunity,likedatfirstsight.Inthatcase,theguardiantrainsthechildtopracticethemoralculture,cultivatesmentalpoise,self-restraining,emphasizesreservation,andtheideaofsocialrank.ThemainconnotationofChinesefamilyeducationis“themercy,righteousness,theritual,thewisdom,thehonesty,loyalty,forgiveness”,andtheChinesechildwastaughtbyhistoricalstory,ethics,loyalty,filialpietyandintegritywhenhewasyoung.TheChineseparentsofancienttimes,fullyrealizedthistruth,theyguidedthechildreninreadingtheFourBooksandtheFiveClassicswhentheyareyoung,allthevariousschoolsofthought,stimulatedtheirdesireforseekingknowledge.
Yet,whatthewesternculturegraspsisknowledge,thefamilymainlyarousesthechild’sthecuriosityaboutandtheimaginationofnature.Thewesternparentsalsofocusonfamilyreading.Thechildrenmustlistentosectionofstoriesbeforesleeping,andthisisafinetraditionofWesternfamilyeducation.Asweallknowknowledgecreationcomesfromcuriosity.Soparentsbymakingchildreninterestedinthenatureandfairystories,letthechildrenhaveabroaderimaginationspace,soastohelptheknowledgecreation.Inaddition,theyregardthepsychologicaldevelopmentasthehighestdirection,sothecultivationofchild'
sinterestandthecreativityisthemainpointofWesternfamilyeducation.
Chapter2Thereasonsforthedifferences
2.1Differenthistoricalbackground
Americaisanationofimmigrantswithashorthistory,thereremainssolittletraditionalculture.Itscultureisinfluencebymanyothercultures,soitiseasyforthemtoacceptnewideasandbebetteratpractice.Withtheinfluenceofmultiplecultureandsenseofworth,itiseasytoacceptnewthoughtsandculture.Facedwithchallenge,thechildrenhavethecourage.Andtheyarebetterattakingrisksandinnovating.Bycontraries,Chinawithalonghistoryhasasortofcohesiveandconservativesenseofworth.Relativelyspeaking,thereisashortageofenvironmentinwhichpeoplecanacceptnewideas.
2.2Differenteconomicforms
Americahasanadvancedproductiveforces,thedevelopmentofcommodityeconomy,sotherearesomanyjobopportunities,Americawascalled“communitycapacity”.Americanshaveanopenconceptinobtainingemployment,Americanparentsthinkthattheirchildrensurviveaslongasthesocialoccupationwithoutdistinction.Americanparentsthinkprofessionisnotdistinguishedwhetheritisnobleorlowaslongastheycansurviveinsociety.While,Chinahasalonghistorywithalargenumberofpopulationajobevenagoodjobwhichcandecideone’slifehappiness.Therefore,therearesofewopportunitiestofindajob.SomanyChineseusuallypaytheirwholelifeonsomeoccupationwiththesurvivalofpressure.Chineseparentsthinkthechildwhogetshighmarkswillfindagoodjob.
2.3Differenttraditionalcultures
2.3.1Valueorientation
Americanspaymoreattentiononindividualismandpersonalinterests.AdvocatingpersonaldevelopmentandselfrealizationarethecoreofAmericanculture.InAmericanfamily,parentstendtoseparatethemselvesandchildrenintotwoindividuals.While,Chinesepaymoreattentionongeneral,theyemphasisoncollectiveinterests,butpersonalinterests.Chineseparentsthinktheirchildrenarethecontinuesoftheirownvalue,theirwholelifeandthehopeoftheirlife,andtheycannotbeseparatedwiththeirchildren.
2.3.2Thinkingstyles
Americansarerational,Americanfamilyeducationhighlytreatedwiththebasicprinciplesofrationalfamilymembersandfamilyaffairs.Americanparentstakeraisingandeducatingtheirchildrenastheobligations,whichisbeyondtheindividual’sposition,butitisnotcompletelyfromthefamilyortheparentsthemselves.While,Chinesethinkfriendshipisthemostimportant,humanismisthefoundationofthefamilyeducation.Chineseparentsconsidertheirchildrenastheirownprivateproperty.
Chapter3Theresultsoftwodifferentkindsoffamilyeducation
MostAmericanchildrencanadapttothesocietymoresmoothlythanmanyChinesechildren.Theycanfaceandovercomesetbacksmoreeasily.ComparedwithindependentAmericanchildren,Chinesechildrenhaveparticularlymuchrequirementsandstrongdependence,andtheyalwayswanttogetothers’care.Asaresultofparents’overprotection,Chinesechildrenhavefewabilitiesofpersonalinteraction.Americanchildrenareoppositeatthispoint.Generallyspeaking,ManyAmericanchildrenlackthesenseofresponsibilitytosupporttheirparentsincomparisonwithChinesechildren.Asawhole,therelationshipamongChinesefamilymembersismoreharmonythanthatamongAmericanfamily.TherelationshipofChinesefamilyisveryclose,butinAmerica,familymemberslooklikeseparateindividuals.
Chapter4DiscussionandSuggestions
ThefamilyeducationbetweenChinaAmericaaredifferentinmanyaspectsbecauseofthedifferentofeducationconcept,aimandmethods.andInaddition,comparedwithChinesefamilyeducation,A
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