初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法Word格式.doc
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初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法Word格式.doc
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likedoing指经常性动作,而liketodo指一次性的动作。
Ilikeswimming,butIdon'
tliketoswimnow.我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。
c.stop,forget,remember,goon,try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。
上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。
1)stoptodosth.:
停止一件事,去做另一件事。
stopdoingsth.:
停止正在做的事。
例句:
Whentheteachercamein,thestudentsstoppedtalking;
whenhecameout,thestudentsstoppedtotalk.当老师走进来时,学生们停止说话;
当老师走出去时,学生们又开始说话。
2)思考:
forget,remember,goon,try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别?
d.在find/feel+it+adj.+todosth.句型中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
Themandownstairsfounditdifficulttogettosleep.
Ifeeliteasytorecitethetext.
点击规律:
某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语,又可接动名词作宾语,二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分,如上面stop例句。
3.作宾语补足语
a.tell,ask,want,order,teach,invite,warn,wish,help,get,wish,help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。
Itellhimnottogotherebybus.
Edison'
smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.
b.let,make,have,see,hear,feel,watch,notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。
Thebossmakesthemwork16hoursaday.Iheardhersinginthenextroom.
提示板:
若变成被动语态,在上述结构中,不定式符号to要加上。
Theyaremadetowork16hoursadaybytheboss.
Shewasheardtosinginthenextroom.
4.作定语:
放在被修饰的名词、代词后面
例句:
Ihavealotofworktodo.
Thedoctorsaidhecoulddonothingtohelptheboy.
点击规律:
动词不定式若在句中作定语,常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。
提示板:
如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系,若动词是不及物动词,切记不要忘掉介词。
Ihaveasmallbedroomtolivein.
Haveyougotsomepenstowritewith?
5.表语:
放在连系动词be后面
Hiswishistobecomeascientist.
Thefirstimportantthingistosavethesoldiers'
lives.
当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。
动词不定式在句中作表语时,通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。
6.作状语
a.目的状语:
放在go,come,use,live,inorder等词后面。
Icometoseeyou.
Herunsfastinordertogetthereintime.
b.原因状语:
放在sorry,glad,surprised,disappointed,excited等词后面。
Iamgladtoseeyouhere.
Iamsorrytotroubleyou.
c.作结果状语。
Someoftheapplesarehardtoreach.
Theroomislargeenoughtohold1000people.
7.与what,who,whose,when,where,how等疑问词连用,作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。
Idon'
tknowwhattodonext.(宾语)
Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer.(宾语补足语)
It'
sstillaquestionhowtogetthere.(主语)
1.Don'
tforget_________theletter.
A.tosend
B.send
C.sending
D.beingsent
2.Thechairlooksveryold,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_________.
A.sit
B.siton
C.besat
D.besaton
3.Is______necessarytoreturnthebooktomorrow?
A.this
B.that
C.it
D.which
4.I'
mafraidtheywouldnotallowhim________here.
A.tosmoke
B.smoking
C.smokes
D.smoke
5.Mothertoldme________thewaterbeforeIdrankit.
A.boiling
B.boiled
C.boil
D.toboil
6.Onmywayhome,Istopped_______somefood.
A.buy
B.tobuy
C.buying
D.bought
7.Johnwasmade_______thecarforaweekasapunishment.
A.towash
B.washing
C.wash
D.tobewashing
8.Thesitting-roomneeds_______,butit'
llhavetowaituntilSaturday.
A.becleaning
B.tobecleaned
C.clean
D.beingcleaned
9.ThefirstthingIwanttodois__________.
A.visittohim
B.tovisithim
C.visitinghim
D.visitedhim
10.LiYangadvisedme_________toomuch,otherwiseIwouldhavebeendrunk.
A.nottodrink
B.todrink
C.notdrinking
D.drinking
一.用动词不定式或ing分词填空
1.Ienjoy_________.(sing)2.Whatdoyouwant________(do)next?
3.Ilearnt______(swim)whenIwasthreeyearsold.4.Iwasveryupsetandstarted_____(cry).
5.Ihope_______(see)youagainsoon.6.Itisafinedaytoday,soIsuggest_____(go)forawalk.
7.Haveyoufinished_________(mop)thefloor.8.Hewasveryangryandrefuse__(say)anything.
9.WhereisLily?
Ineed________(talk)withher.
10.Iamtoofat,soIhavedecided_________(do)moreexercise.
二.选出正确答案
()1.Iusuallygo________withmymotheratweekends.
A.shopB.toshopC.shopping
()2.Heisnotoldenough________toschool.
A.togoB.goC.going
()3.Themanadmitted_________thebank.
A.robB.torobC.robbing
()4.Peoplemuststop________downtrees.
A.tocutB.cuttingC.cut
()5.I’drather_______acupofcoffee.
A.tohaveB.havingD.have
()6.Mikemanagedtogiveup_________.
A.tosmokeB.smokingC.smoke
()7.Iamsorrytohavekeptyou________forsuchalongtime.
A.towaitB.waitingC.wait
()8.Shehasanicevoice.Ioftenhearher________inthemorning.
A.singingB.tosingC.sing
()9.Idon’tliketravelingbyboat,italwaysmakesme______sick.
A.tofeelB.feelingC.feel
()10.Letme_______youaroundthecity.
A.showB.toshowC.showing
()11.Iputtheflowersontheporch_______fromtherain.
A.protectingB.toprotectC.protectedD.tobeprotected
()12.Kathydecided______hardandmakeherself______behindtheothers.
A.towork;
notfallB.working;
nottofall
C.towork;
fallD.working;
tofall
()13.Sheforgot_______theTVwhenshelefthome.
A.toturnoffB.turnedoffC.turningoffD.turnoff
()14.Myparentswantme________goodmarks.
A.getB.togetC.gettingD.got
()15.ThedoctoraskedMary________themedicinethreetimesaday.
A.nottoremembertakingB.nottoforgettaking
C.nottoremembertotakeD.nottoforgettotake
()16.Hisjobis________thestudents’meetings.
A.organizeB.toorganizeC.organizingD.organized
()17.Whatabout_______alettertoyourfriendontheInternet?
A.trysendingB.trytosendC.tryingsendingD.tryingtosend
()18.Lethim________itbyhimself.
A.todoB.doingC.didD.do
()19.Thecustomerswatchedtheunusualbird_______intheinn.
A.danceB.todanceC.dancedD.dancing
()20.Atthepolicestation,theboyadmitted_______thenecklaceatlast.
A.tostealB.stealingC.stoleD.steal
()21.Itisimpossible________.
A.formetogotobedearlyB.tometogotobedearly
C.formegotobedearlyD.tomegotobedearly
()22.Iremember________mywallethere.ButIcan’t_______now.
A.putting;
findB.toput;
finding
C.toput;
befoundD.putting;
befound
()23.Couldyoutellme_______workouttheproblem?
A.howB.howcanIC.howtoD.howwillI
()24.Isawalittleboy________akiteyesterdayafternoon.
A.flewB.flyC.toflyD.flying
()25.Hisjokesmadeusall_________.
A.tolaughB.laughingC.laughD.laughing
()26.It’sverykindofyou_______mewithmyEnglish.
A.helpB.helpingC.tohelpD.helps
()27.Hepromised__________meanicecar.
A.buyB.tobuyC.boughtD.tohavebought
()28.Mothertoldme________walkalongtheriver.
A.donotB.nottoC.tonotD.not
()29.Herambitionis________anengineer.
A.becomeB.tobecomeC.beD./
()30.You’dbetter________arestnow.
A.tohaveB.haveC.havingD.had
()31.Thankyoufor________methesecret.
A.tellingB.tellC.totellD.told
()32.Iusedto______inthecountryside,nowIamusedto_____inthecity
A.living;
liveB.living;
livingC.live;
livingD.live;
live
()33.Thedetectiveisbusy_______cluesandhehas_______somevaluableproof.
A.lookingfor;
findB.finding;
lookedfor
C.lookingfor;
foundD.find;
()34.Thisfilmisworth________.
A.toseeB.seeingC.seenD.saw
()35.Iwasallowedtoplayfootballafter_________myhomework.
A.doB.didC.doingD.done
()36.Chinaisbecoming__________.
A.strongandstrongBstrongerandstrong
C.strongerandstrongerD.strongandstronger
()37.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthan________ofAmerica.
A.thoseB.thatC.itD.this
()38.Ourcityisgetting_________.
A.morebeautifulandmorebeautiful
B.moreandmorebeautiful
C.beautifulerandbeautifuler
D.beautifulandbeautiful
()39.TaxisinShenyangarecheaperthan________inBeijing.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.those
()40.Iprefer_______basketballto_______football.
A.playing;
playingB.playing;
play
C.play;
playingD.play;
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