英语翻译Word格式文档下载.docx
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英语翻译Word格式文档下载.docx
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TheMid-AutumnFestivalcelebrationsdatebacktomorethan2,000yearsago.Infeudaltimes,Chineseemperorsprayed
toHeavenforaprosperousyear.Theychosethemorningofthe15thdayofthesecondlunarmonthtoworshipthesun
andthenightofthe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonthtoholdaceremonyinpraiseofthemoon.Inthewesterndistrict
ofBeijingistheYuetanPark,whichoriginallywastheTempleofMoon,andeveryyeartheemperorwouldgotheretoofferasacrificetothemoon.
ThisancientcustombecameprevalentintheTangDynasty(618-907)whenpeopleenjoyedandworshippedthefullmoon.IntheSouthernSongDynasty(1127-1279),however,peoplesentroundmooncakestotheirrelativesasgiftsin
expressionoftheirbestwishesoffamilyreunion.Whenitturneddark,theygazedupatthefullsilvermoonorwent
sightseeingbylakes,tocelebratethefestival.
SincetheMing(1368-1644)andQingdynasties(1644-1911),thecustomofMid-AutumnFestivalcelebrationhasbecome
unprecedentedlypopular.Togetherwiththecelebrationappearedsomespecialcustomsindifferentpartsofthecountry,
suchasburningincense,plantingMid-Autumntrees,lightinglanternsontowersandfiredragondances,etc.Wheneverthefestivalsetsin,peoplewouldlookupatthefullsilvermoon,drinkingwinetocelebratetheirhappylife,orthinkingoftheir
relativesandfriendsfarfromhomeandextendingalloftheirbestwishestothem.
Inmid-autumn,farmershavejustfinishedgatheringtheircropsandbringinginfruitsfromtheorchards.Theyare
overwhelmedwithjoywhentheyhaveabumperharvestandatthesametime,theyfeelquiterelaxedafterayearofhardwork.Sothe15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth(theMid-AutumnFestival)hasgraduallyevolvedasawidelycelebrated
festivalforordinarypeople.
Nightfalls.Thelandisbathedinsilvermoonlight.Familiessetuptablesintheircourtyardsorsittogetherontheirbalconies,chattingandsharingofferingstothemoon.Together,theyenjoytheenchantingspellofnight.Naturally,theyare
remindedofbeautifullegendsaboutthemoon.
中国传统节日之重阳节英文介绍
2013.10.17
|
DoubleNinthFestival
The9thdayofthe9thlunarmonthisthetraditionalChongYangFestival,orDoubleNinthFestival.Inanancientand
mysteriousbook
YiJing,or
TheBookofChanges,"
6"
wasthoughttobeofyin
character,meaningfeminineornegative,whilenumber"
9"
wasthoughttobeyang,meaningmasculineorpositive.Sothe"
inbothmonthanddaycreateDoubleNinthFestival,orChongYangFestival.TheChineseancestorsconsidereditanauspiciousdayworthcelebration.That'
swhyChinesepeoplebegantocelebratethisfestivalfromancienttimes.
ThecelebrationofChongYangFestivaliscolorfulandromantic,generallyspeaking,includingactivitiesofoutingandenjoying
thescenes,climbingmountains,watchingchrysanthemum,wearingdogwood,eatingChongYangpastryanddrinking
chrysanthemumwine,etc.
The9thdayofthe9thlunarmonthisthetraditionalChongYangFestival,becauseithasthesamepronunciationwiththeword"
JiuJiu"
(forever)andthenumber"
nine"
isthelargestnumberwhichcarriesthemeaningof"
longlife"
.Moreover,autumnalsois
goldenseasonforharvest,therefore,thisspecialfestivalhasmorethanonedeepmeaningandpeoplehaveaspecialaffection
towardsitsinceancienttimes.TherearealotoffamousworksofTangpoemandSongpoemforcelebratingChongYang
Festivalandintoningchrysanthemum.
Today,ChongYanghasbeengivennewmeanings.In1989,theChinesegovernmentdecidedtheDoubleNinthFestivalas
Senior'
sDay,combiningthetraditionandthemodern,whichmadeitbecomethefestivalofhonoring,lovingandhelpingthe
seniors.Sincethen,allgovernmentunits,organizationsandstreetscommunitieswouldorganizeanautumntripeachyearfor
thosewhohaveretiredfromtheirposts.Atthewatersideoronthemountains,theseniorswouldfindthemselvesmergedinto
nature.Youngergenerationswouldalsobringtheelderlytosuburbanareasorprepareanicemealforthemonthisday.
积累背景知识,备战四六级翻译3(中国传统节日之端午节)
DragonBoatFestival
DragonBoatFestival,alsoknownasDuanwuFestivalandtheDoubleFifth,isatraditionalandstatutoryholidayinChinaandhaslongbeen
celebratedinSingaporeandMalaysia.
ThefestivalisremembranceofQuYuan,anancientChinesescholar-statesman,whodrownedin277B.C.whiledenouncingwidespreadgovernmentcorruption;
itwasalsoameansofremindingthepublicabouttheimportanceofhealthcare.In2006,
thetradtionalfestivalwaslistedasoneofChina'
snational
intangibleculturalheritages.In2008,itwasrecognisedasapublicholidayinChinese
mainland.
Thefestivaloccursonthe5thdayofthe5thmonthofthelunarcalendar.ThisisthesourceofthealternativenameofDoubleFifth.The
datevariesfromyeartoyearontheGregoriancalendar.In2012itfellonJune23,andin2013onJune12.Thefocusofthecelebrationsincludeseating
zongzi
(dumplingsmadeofglutinousriceflour),
drinkingrealgarwine
andracing
dragonboats.
积累背景知识,备战四六级翻译4(中国传统文化之中药)
WhatisTCM?
TheoriginsoftraditionalChinesemedicinecanbetracedtoShenNongShi,amythologicalfigurefromabout5,000yearsago,whosampledhundredsofherbsforuseasmedicines.TheformalhistoryofTCMstartsabout2,500yearsagowiththeYellowEmperor'
sInnerClassic,thefirstwrittenaccountofitspractice.
TCMviewsapatient'
sconditionasareflectionoftheinteractionoffiveelementsofnature:
wood,fire,earth,metaland
water.Thegoalistotreateachpatientholistically,withprescriptionstailoredtotheindividualpatient'
scondition.
ChineseconsumersgenerallyperceiveTCMasmoreeffectivefordiseaseandchronicillnessprevention,andtheyview
Westernmedicineasbeingmoreeffectiveforacuteandseriousillnesses.
AnothermajordifferencebetweenTCMandWesternmedicineisthat,untilrecently,TCMhasreliedonpatientexperience,notclinicaltrials,forproofofeffectiveness.
TCMcombinesrawmaterials,principallyherbs,totreatdisease.Historically,theformulationincorporatedasmanyas
10,000ingredients,90percentextractedfromherbsand10percentfromanimalbyproductsandminerals.
Today,practitionersofTCMregularlyusearound300ingredientsintheirwidelyavailableformulations.Anygiven
formulationrequiresfourtoeightingredientsonaverage.
Theprincipleusedforcombiningingredientshasitsoriginsintheframeworkofimperialministerial-assistant-servant,whichwasdocumented5,000yearsagointheShenNongHerbalEncyclopedia.
Theframeworkcallsforanimperialherb,thechiefherbormainingredientofaformula;
theministerialherb,ancillarytotheimperialherb,whichaugmentsandpromotestheactionofthemainingredient;
theassistantherb,whichreducesside
effectsoftheimperialherb;
andtheservantherb,whichharmonizesorcoordinatestheactionsoftheotherherbs.
Althoughonly10percentofChina'
s2millionphysiciansaretrainedexclusivelyinTCM,mostmedicalschoolstudentsreceivesometraininginthediscipline.TheycanprescribeTCMmedicinesthathaveearnedStateFoodandDrugAdministration
approval.
andtheservantherb,whichharmonizesorcoordinates
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