南在清华大学的演讲word版本 19页Word格式文档下载.docx
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南在清华大学的演讲word版本 19页Word格式文档下载.docx
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南在清华大学的演讲(共2篇)
secretary-generalkofiannan:
thankyou,presidentgu,forthatmostflatteringintroduction.
ladiesandgentlemen,
itisagreathonourformetospeakatoneofchina"
sgreatacademicinstitutionsonethatishelpingtoreviveandmaintainyourcountry"
shistorictraditionofleadingtheworldinscienceandtechnology,andonewhosealumniaretobefoundinpositionsofleadershipthroughoutthecountry.
here,asinsomanyotherplacesinchina,novisitorcanhelpfeelingtheexcitementofagreatcountrydevelopingatbreakneckspeed,andeverydayopeningupnewvistasofknowledgeandopportunitytoitscitizens.youcanbereallyproudofyourcountryandwhatithasachievedinthelast25years.
asilookoutovertheyoungfacesinthisaudienceicannothelpenvyingtheinternationalstudentsmorethanathousand,iamtold,fromover50countrieswhohavetheprivilegeofsharingyourlearningexperiencehere.
itremindsmeforamomentofmyownstudentdays,whenmycountry,ghana,wasnewlyindependent.wefeltweweresuddenlyreachingouttotheworld,andmakingnewdiscoverieseveryday.
butthenialsorememberthattimesofrapidchangecanbringpainandconfusion,evendestruction,aswellasprogressandexcitement.
themorerapidandexcitingitis,themorechangecallsforcarefulmanagement,andwise,humaneleadership.
orderandstabilityhavetobepreserved,butwithoutchokingoffthefreedomtoenquire,andexperiment,andexpressoneself,sinceasyouyoungresearchersknowbetterthananyoneknowledgeandsciencehaveavitalroleinnationaldevelopment.
andtechnicalexpertiseneedstobeharnessedtothedevelopmentandsecurityofsocietyasawhole,sothatitnotonlycreatesgreaterwealthforthefew,butenablesallcitizenstofeelsaferandmoreprosperous.
thedevelopmentofsuchagreatcountryaschinacannothappeninisolation.itaffectsthewholeworld,anditdrawsyouintonewrelationshipswithotherpartsoftheworld.
increasingly,youreconomydependsonexchangeswithothercountriesbothimportsandexports,ofbothgoodsandcapital.foreigninvestmentplaysanessentialroleinyourgrowth,whileyourholdingsofforeigncurrenciesandyourmanagementofyourowncurrencyarecomingtoplayavitalpartintheinternationalmonetarysystem.
thismeansthatyouhaveastakeinthedevelopmentandprosperityofthewiderworld.andyoursecurity,too,dependsoninternationalpeaceandstability.
yourgovernmentshowsthatitunderstandsthis,bytherolethatitplaysintheunitednations,andelsewhere.andincreasingly,chinesecitizensarecalledontotakerisks,andmakesacrifices,intheinterestsofglobalsecurity.itwasimpressivetosee,inournewspaperstheotherday,picturesofchinesepolicemeninbluehelmetspreparingtojointheunitednationsmissioninhaitianislandbuffetedbybothhumanandmeteorologicalstorms,whichisliterallyonthefarsideoftheworldfromhere.
soiamhere,inpart,toexpresstheworld"
sgratitude.clearlyyouinchinahaveunderstood,asyoursayinggoes,thatweallsharethesamebreath.humanmiseryknowsnofrontiers,andnorshouldhumansolidarity.
indeed,solidaritywasoneofthefundamentalvaluessolemnlyreaffirmed,fouryearsago,bythepoliticalleadersfromallovertheworldwhometatunitednationsheadquarters,andissuedthemillenniumdeclaration.
theydeclaredthatglobalchallengesmustbemanagedinawaythatdistributesthecostsandburdensfairly…thosewhosufferorwhobenefitleastdeservehelpfromthosewhobenefitmost.
theypromisedtosparenoefforttofreemorethanonebillionoftheirfellowmen,womenandchildrenfromextremepoverty,andtomaketherighttodevelopmentarealityforall.
andtheysetthemselvesprecisebenchmarksbywhichtheirsuccessinkeepingthesepromisescouldbemeasured,intheyear201X.
thosebenchmarkshavecometobeknownasthemillenniumdevelopmentgoals,ormdgs.firstamongthemisthepledgetoreducebyhalftheproportionofpeopleintheworldlivingonanincomeoflessthanonedollaraday.othersincludethepledgetohalt,andbegintoreverse,thespreadofhiv/aids;
andthepledgetointegratetheprinciplesofsustainabledevelopmentintoeverycountry"
spoliciesandprogrammes,sothatourchildrenandgrandchildrenwillnotfacethethreatoflivingonaplanetirredeemablyspoiltbyhumanactivities,orwhoseresourcesarenotsufficientfortheirneeds.
willtheworldreachthesegoalsby201X?
itdepends,ingreatpart,onchina.
yourpopulationissolarge,andyoureconomyisgrowingsorapidly,thatyourimpactonallglobalstatisticsisenormous.itistheoreticallypossiblethatwemightsucceedinhalvingtheproportionofverypoorpeopleintheworldby201X,simplybecausechinahadsucceededinliftingalmostallitspeopleoutofthatcategory,evenifmostcountriesinafricastillhadthesameproportion.
conversely,manycountriesmight,by201X,havemadegreatstridesincombatinghiv/aids,oradoptingsustainablemodelsofdevelopment.butifchinahadfailedtodothosethings,therewouldstillbeterribleconsequencesforhumanity.
however,thatneednotbethepathtaken,eitherinthiscountryorintherestoftheworld.bothforyournationalinterestsandintheinterestoftheworldasawhole,youhaveagreatresponsibilitytolookafteryourpeople,andyournaturalenvironment.
butyourresponsibilitydoesnotendthere.
theeighthandlastmillenniumdevelopmentgoalisaglobalpartnershipfordevelopment.thismeansthatdevelopingcountriesmustnotbelefttodevelopontheirown.theyneedthehelpofthericherandmorepowerfulcountriesthroughtheremovalofunfairtradebarriersandsubsidisedcompetition;
throughtheeliminationofthedebtswhichobligesomanypoorcountriestospendmoreonrepayingandservicingtheircreditorsthantheycanonthesocialneedsoftheirownpeople;
andthroughmoregenerousofficialdevelopmentaidwhichtherichcountrieshaverepeatedlypromisedtoprovide.
inpracticalterms,globalpartnershipmeansthateverycountrywherethereisextremepovertyisentitledtoexpecthelpinforgingandpursuinganationalstrategytoachievethemdgsby201X.forthepoorestcountries,mostofwhichareinafrica,thiswillbeofdecisiveimportance.withoutit,theywillnotreachthegoals.withit,theyareinwitharealchance.
thatplacesabigresponsibilityontherichcountriesanditisonethatchinashares.iknowyouareusedtothinkingofyourcountryasadevelopingone,andsoitisprobablythefastestdevelopingcountrytheworldhaseverseen.butthemoresuccessfullyitdevelops,themoreittoowillbeexpectedtoshowsolidaritywithsmallerandpoorercountriesthatstillneedahelpinghand.
bythesametoken,aschina"
sgeopoliticalweightgrows,sodoesitsshareofresponsibilityforworldsecurity.
aswellasglobalsolidarity,themillenniumdeclarationexpressedasharedvisionofcollectivesecurity,rootedintheunitednationscharter.
yettheeventsofthepasttwoyearshavecalledthatconsensusinquestion.
somehavedoubtedwhetherarticle51ofthecharter,whichreaffirmstheinherentrightofself-defenceifanarmedattackoccursagainstamemberoftheunitednations,untilthesecuritycouncilhastakenmeasuresnecessarytomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity,isstillsufficientinanagewhenanarmedattackmaycomewithoutwarning,fromaclandestineterroristgroup,perhapsarmedwithweaponsofmassdestruction.
theyhavearguedthatforcemustsometimesbeusedpreventively,andthattheymustbefreetodecidewhentheirnationalsecurityrequiresit.
othershaverepliedthatthatdoctrineisinitselfagravethreattointernationalpeaceandsecuritysinceitmightimplythatanystatehastherighttouseforcewheneveritseesfit,withoutregardtootherstates"
concerns.andthatispreciselythestateofaffairswhichtheunitednationswascreatedtosavehumanityfrom.
indeed,thefirstpurposeoftheunitednations,laiddowninarticle1ofthecharter,istotakeeffectivecollectivemeasuresforthepreventionandremovalofthreatstothepeace.
wemustshowthattheunitednationsiscapableoffulfillingthatpurpose,sothatstatesdonotfeelobligedorentitledtotakethelawintotheirownhands.
thatiswhy,lastyear,iaskedasmallpanelofdistinguishedmenandwomentomakerecommendationsonwaysofdealingwiththreatsandchallengestopeaceandsecurityinthetwenty-firstcentury.iamdelightedthataverywisechinesestatesman,mr.qianqichen,agreedtojointhatpanel,whosereportshouldbereadyinafewweeks"
time.
ihopethatitsrecommendationswillhelpustorebuildandimproveourglobalsecuritysystem,sothatinfuturenostatefeelsithastofaceglobalthreatsonitsown,andallcanfeelconfidentthatotherswillrespecttherules.
inshort,myfriends,thereismuchtobedonetomaketheworldsafeinthisnewcentury,andtogiveallitsinhabitantsarealchanceoflivingprosperousandfulfillinglives.manybolddecisionsneedtobetaken,andtakensoon.
ihopethatsomeofthemostimportantmaybetakeninseptembernextyear,whenworldleaderswillagainassembleattheunitednationstoreviewtheprogressmade,ornotmade,sincethemillenniumdeclaration.thiswillbetheworld"
sbestchanceforabreakthroughtoaddressthejointglobalchallengesofdevelopmentandsecurity.yetthetaskwillbemuchtougherthanfiveyearsaginsteadofsettinggoals,thistimeleadersmustagreeonconcretedecisionstoachievet
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