度全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题Word文件下载.docx
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度全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级真题Word文件下载.docx
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Certainly
B Probably
C
Almost
D Absolutely
4 MaryrarelyspeakstoSusan.
A slowly
seldom
C weakly
constantly
5 I'
mworkingwithaguyfromLondon
A teacher
student
C friend
man
6 You'
dbetterputthesedocumentsinasafeplace
A dark
secure
C guarded
banned
7 Thecourageousboyhasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage.
A extensive
continuous
C instant
quick
8 Thetownisfamousforitsmagnificentbuildings
A high-rise
modern
C ancient
splendid
9 Thegreatchangeofthecityastonishedallthevisitors.
A surprised
scared
C excited
moved
10Jackpackedupallthethingshehadaccumulatedoverthelasttenyears.
A future
far
C past
near
11Wouldyoupleasecallmyhusbandassoonaspossible?
A visit
phone
C consult
invite
12Wehadalongconversationaboutherparents
A speech
question
C talk
debate
13Thechairmanproposedthatwestopthemeeting.
A stated
announced
C demanded
suggested
14Obviouslythesepeoplecanbereliedoninacrisis.
A livedon
dependedon
C believedin
joinedin
15ThereisalwaysexcitementattheOlympicGameswhenanathletebreaksarecord
A beats
maintains
C matches
Dtries
第2部分:
阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;
如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;
如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
RadiocarbonDating
Nowadaysscientistscananswermanyquestionsaboutthepastthroughatechniquecalledradiocarbon(放射性碳),orcarbon-14,dating.Onekeytounderstandinghowandbysomethinghappenedistodiscoverwhenithappened.
Radiocarbondatingwasdevelopedinthelate1940sbyphysicistWillardF.LibbyatheUniversityofChicago.Anatomofordinarycarbon,calledcarbon-12,hassixprotons(中子)andsixneutrons(质子)initsnucleus.Carbon-14,orC-14,isaradioactive,unstableformofcarbonthathastwoextraneutrons(原子核).Itreturnstoamorestableformofcarbonthroughaprocesscalleddecay(衰减).Thisprocessinvolvesthelossofheextraneutronsandenergyfromthenucleus.
InLibby'
sradiocarbondatingtechnique,theweakradioactiveemissions(放射)fromhisdecayprocessarecountedbyinstrumentssuchasaradiationdetectorandcounter.HedecayrateisusedtodeterminetheproportionofC-14atomsinthesamplebeingdated.
Carbon-14isproducedintheEarth'
satmospherewhennitrogen(氮)-14,orN-14,
interactswithcosmicrays(宇宙射线).ScientistsbelievesincetheEarthwasformed,themountofnitrogenintheatmospherehasremainedconstant.Consequently,C-14formationisthoughttooccurataconstantrate.NowtheratioofC-14toothercarbontomsintheatmosphereisknown.Mostscientistsagreethatthisratioisusefulfordatingitemsbacktoatleast50,000years.
AlllifeonEarthismadeoforganicmolecules(分子)thatcontaincarbonatomscomingfromtheatmosphere.SoalllivingthingshaveaboutthesameratioofC-14
atomstoothercarbonatomsintheirtissues(组织).Onceanorganism(有机体)diesittopstakingincarboninanyform,andtheC-14alreadypresentbeginstodecay.OvertimetheamountofC-14inthematerialdecreases,andtheratioofC-14toothercarbontomsgoesdown.Intermsofradiocarbondating,thefewerC-14atomsinasample,theolderthatsampleis.
16 Nowadaysmanyscientistsdependonradiocarbonfordatingage-oldobjects
Right
B Wrong
Notmentioned
17 Theradiocarbondatingtechniqueisonlyabout40yearsold
18 Anatomofordinarycarbonhassixprotonsandeightneutrons
19 Radarisusedtodeterminethecharacteristicsofradiocarbon.
20 Radiocarbonisreliableindatinganobjectbacktoatleast50,000years.
21 Whenanorganismdies,theC-14initbeginstodecay.
22 Thehalf-lifeofC-14isabout25,000years.
第3部分:
概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:
(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1~4段每段1选择个最佳标题;
(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个确定1个最佳选项。
MeetYourMemory
1 Memoryissomethingthatcannotbeseen,touchedorweighed.Itisthoughttobeabstract.Itisasetofskillsratherthananobject.Neitheristhereasinglestandardforjudgingagoodorpoormemory.Thereareanumberofdifferentwaysinwhichapersonmayhavea'
good'
memory.
2 Memoryisgenerallyviewedasconsistingofthreestages:
(1)acquisitionreferstolearningthematerial;
(2)storagereferstokeepingthematerialinthebrainuntilitisneeded;
and(3)retrieval(提取)referstogettingthematerialbackoutwhenitisneeded.
3 Memoryconsistsofatleasttwodifferentprocesses:
short-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Short-termmemoryhasalimitedcapacityandarapidforgettingrate.Itscapacitycanbeincreasedbychunking(组成大块),orgroupingseparatebitsofinformationintolargerchunks.Long-termmemoryhasanalmostunlimitedcapacity.
4 Onemeasureofmemoryisrecall,whichrequiresyoutoproduceinformationbysearchingthememoryforit.Inaidedrecall,youaregivencues(提示)tohelpyouproducetheinformation.Infree-recalllearningyourecallthematerialinanyorder;
inseriallearningyourecallitintheorderitwaspresented;
andinpaired-associatelearningyoulearnpairsofwordssothatwhenthefirstwordisgivenyoucanrecallthesecondword.Asecondmeasureofmemoryisrecognition,inwhichyoudonothavetoproducetheinformationfrommemory,butmustbeabletoidentifyitwhenitispresentedtoyou.Inathirdmeasureofmemory,relearning,thedifferencebetweenhowlongittooktolearnthematerialthefirsttimeandhowlongittakestolearnitagainindicateshowmuchyouremember.Relearningisgenerallyamoresensitivemeasureofmemorythanisrecognitionbecauserelearningshowsretention(保持)whilerecognitiondoesnot.Recognitionisgenerallyamoresensitivemeasurethanrecall.
23 Paragraph1()
24 Paragraph2()
25 Paragraph3 ()
26 Paragraph4 ()
A Whydoweforgetthings?
B Howdowemeasurememory?
C Whatarethestagesmemoryconsistsof?
D Whatisthedifferencebetweenshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory?
E Whatismemory?
F Whomayhaveapoormemory?
27 Rememberinginvolvesgettingthematerialbackoutwhenitis()
28 Groupingbitsofinformationintolargerchunkshelpsimprovethecapacityof()
our ()
29 Long-termmemoryhasanalmostunlimitedcapacityanda ()
30 Asameasureofmemory,relearningismoresensitivethan()
A short-termmemory
B relearning
C needed
D coded
E recognition
F slowforgettingrate
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇
LightNight,DarkStars
Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsidetogazeattheirnightsky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,moonlight,orartificiallightstoblocktheview,peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennisWard,anastronomer(天文学家)withtheUniversityCorporationforAtmosphericResearch(UCAR)inBoulder,Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedbycitylights,hesays,they'
reluckytosee150stars.
Ifyou'
veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance,you'
vewitnessedlightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,office(照亮)thenightbuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminates~sky.Thishaze(朦胧)oflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,makingstargazingdifficult.
Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesandindustriesworsentheeffectsoflightpollution."
Ifonecityhasalotmorelightpollutionthananother,"
Wardsays,"
thatcitywillsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale."
Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.
Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark,ruralareas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuring(使变模糊)thefaint(微弱的)lightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'
tlocatetheseobjects,theycan'
tlearnmoreaboutthem.
Lightpollutiondoesn'
tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It'
sclearthatartificiallightcanattractanimals,makingthemgooffcourse.There'
sincreasingevidence,forexample,thatmigrating(迁徙)birdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreauxJr.,ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."
Whenlightoccursatnight,"
hesays,"
ithasaverydisruptive(破坏性的)influence."
Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers,high-rises,andcablesfromradioandtelevisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.
31 Onaclearnight,peoplecansee
A 150stars.
B hundredsofstars.
C onethousandstars.
D morethan14,000stars.
32 Lightpollutionoccurswhen
A artificiallightsilluminatethenightsky.
Bthemoonlightsupthenightsky.
Ctoomanystarsarevisibleinthenightsky
Dstreetlightsareturnedoff.
33 Nowadaysevensuburbsarebecomingunsuitableforscientiststodotheirjobsbecause
A thenightskythereistoodark.
B theoncedarkar
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