习题牛津版模块六 Unit 3课时跟踪练一.docx
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习题牛津版模块六 Unit 3课时跟踪练一.docx
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习题牛津版模块六Unit3课时跟踪练一
课时跟踪练
(一)Welcometotheunit&Reading—Pre-reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace.Thissystemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristicofthemembersofagivensocietyisconstantlyshapedbyasetofdynamicvariables:
language,religion,valuesandattitudes,mannersandcustoms,aesthetics,technology,education,andsocialinstitutions.Tocopewiththissystem,aninternationalmanagerneedsbothfactualandinterpretiveknowledgeofculture.Tosomeextent,thefactualknowledgecanbelearned;itsinterpretationcomesonlythroughexperience.
Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentlieinthefactthatonecannotlearnculture—onehastoliveit.Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.Oneisthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s.Insomecases,globalizationisafactoflife;however,culturaldifferencesarestillfarfromconverging(会合).
Theotherschoolproposesthatcompaniesmustadaptbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures.Settinguppoliciesandproceduresineachcountryhasbeencomparedtoanorgantransplant;thecriticalquestioncentersaroundacceptanceorrejection.Themajorchallengetotheinternationalmanageristomakesurethatrejectionisnotaresultofculturalmyopia(近视)orevenblindness.
Fortuneexaminedtheinternationalperformanceofadozenlargecompaniesthatearn20percentormoreoftheirrevenueoverseas.Theinternationallysuccessfulcompaniesallshareanimportantquality:
patience.Theyhavenotrushedintosituationsbutratherbuilttheiroperationscarefullybyfollowingthemostbasicbusinessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary(对手),knowyouraudience,andknowyourcustomer.
语篇解读:
本文主要讲述文化背景对商业运作的影响。
文中列举了商界中存在的对待文化多样性的两种观点。
1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Viewsdifferonhowtotreatcultureinbusinessworld.
B.Allinternationalmanagerscanlearnculture.
C.Businessdiversityisnotnecessary.
D.Mostpeopledonotknowforeignculturewell.
解析:
选A 推理判断题。
由第二段中的“Twoschoolsofthoughtexistinthebusinessworldonhowtodealwithculturaldiversity.”可知,应该怎样对待不同的文化,商业界存在着不同的看法。
2.Accordingtotheauthor,themodelofPepsi________.
A.isdifferentfromthemodelofMcDonald’s
B.showsthereverseofglobalization
C.hasconvergedculturaldifferences
D.isinlinewiththetheoriesthatbusinessisbusinesstheworldaround
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
由第二段中的最后两句可知,Pepsi和McDonald’s采纳的都是国际化的商业风格,但这并不意味着文化差异就会消失。
故选D项。
3.Thetwoschoolsofthought________.
A.bothproposethatcompaniesshouldadaptbusinessapproachestoindividualcultures
B.bothadvocatethatdifferentpoliciesbesetupindifferentcountries
C.bothadmittheexistenceofculturaldiversityinbusinessworld
D.bothAandB
解析:
选C 推理判断题。
通读全文可知,两个派别都承认商业界中文化的多元性。
他们的不同在于,对待不同的文化应该搞国际化还是对不同的文化采取不同的策略。
4.Thisarticleissupposedtobemostusefulforthose________.
A.whoareinterestedinresearchingthetopicofculturaldiversity
B.whohaveconnectionstomorethanonetypeofculture
C.whowanttorunbusinessonInternationalScale
D.whowanttotravelabroad
解析:
选C 推理判断题。
由文中的例子可以知道,作者主要关心的并不是研究多种文化形态,而是文化背景对商业运作的影响。
所以C项是正确答案。
B
ManyforeignstudentsreporttheyfeellonelyinAustralia.ItisamongthereasonswhyAustraliaistakingacloselookatitsinternationaleducationindustry.Thegovernmenthasformedanadvisorycouncil(咨询委员会)tohelpdevelopafiveyearnationalstrategyforthefutureofinternationaleducationinAustralia.Butwhereverinternationalstudentsgo,makingfriendsmaybenoeasytask.
ElisabethGareisofBaruchCollegeinNewYorksurveyedfourhundredinternationalstudents.TheywereattendingfouryearcollegesinAmerica.StudentsfromEnglishspeakingcountriesandfromnorthernandcentralEuropeweremorelikelytobehappywiththeirfriendships.ButthirtyeightpercentoftheinternationalstudentssaidtheyhadnoclosefriendsintheUnitedStates.AndhalfofthestudentsfromEastAsiasaidtheywereunhappywiththenumberofAmericanfriendstheyhad.Thirtypercentsaidtheywishedtheirfriendshipscouldbedeeperandmoremeaningful.
ProfessorGareissays,“InternationalstudentsespeciallystudentsfromEastAsiahaveculturesthataredifferentonmanylevelsfromthecultureoftheUnitedStates.Buttherearealsolanguageproblems,andmaybesomesocialskills,suchassmalltalks,thatarepossiblynotimportantintheirnativecountries,whereit’snotimportanttostartfriendshipswithsmalltalks.ManyEastAsianstudentsblamedthemselvesfortheirlimitedfriendshipswithAmericans.Theyblamedthemselvesfornotspeakingthelanguagewellenoughandnotknowingtheculturewellenough.Therewerealsosomecommentsonthecollegeenvironment.ManyofthemworkedinlabswheretheyweresurroundedbyotherEastAsians.”
ProfessorGareissays,“Internationalstudentswhomakefriendswithhostnationalsare,overall,moresatisfiedwiththeirstayinthehostcountry.Theyhavebetterlanguageskills,theyhavebetteracademicperformanceandtheyhavebetterattitudestowardthehostcountry.Sowhentheyreturnhome,theycanfoster(促进)productiverelationswiththeformerhostcountry.”
语篇解读:
许多外国学生说他们在澳大利亚感到孤独。
但不管国际学生去哪里,交朋友可能都不是那么容易的事情。
5.Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?
A.InternationalstudentsarenotwelcomedinAustralia.
B.TheAustraliangovernmentpayslittleattentiontointernationaleducation.
C.Mostinternationalstudentsarenotgoodatmakingfriendsinforeigncountries.
D.Makingfriendsinforeigncountriesisnotalwayseasyforinternationalstudents.
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“Butwhereverinternationalstudentsgo,makingfriendsmaybenoeasytask.”可知,对于国际学生来说,在外国交朋友并不总是一件容易的事情。
6.AccordingtoProfessorGareis,________.
A.culturaldifferencecanaffectforeignstudentstomakefriends
B.foreignstudentsshouldlearnsomebasicsocialskillswellfirst
C.notspeakingEnglishwellenoughisthebiggestproblemforforeignstudents
D.thepoorenvironmentshouldbeblamedforforeignstudents’lackoffriends
解析:
选A 细节理解题。
根据第三段可知,ProfessorGareis认为,国际学生尤其是东亚学生国家的文化与美国文化有很大差异,这是影响国际学生交友的因素之一。
7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.MoststudentsfromEastAsiahavenofriendinwesterncountries.
B.Internationalstudentscan’tmakerealfriendsinforeigncountries.
C.Internationalstudentsaremorelikelytoremaininthehostcountryaftergraduation.
D.Internationalstudentswhomakefriendsfromtheirhostcountriesfeelhappierwiththeirexperience.
解析:
选D 推理判断题。
根据末段的“Internationalstudentswhomakefriendswithhostnationalsare,overall,moresatisfiedwiththeirstayinthehostcountry.”可知,在东道国交到朋友的学生对于自己的留学体验更加满意。
8.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanwemostprobablyfindthepassage?
A.Politics. B.Education.
C.Culture.D.Economy.
解析:
选B 文章出处题。
本文主要介绍了国际学生在外国交友困难的问题。
这引起了澳大利亚政府和许多教育学者的关注。
由此可推知,本文最有可能出现在报纸的教育版块。
C
TheoldChinesesaying“ashappyasspendingtheNewYear”mightbeoutdatednowinthebusymodernworld.TheSpringFestivalisregardedasthemostimportantfestivalforChinesepeopleandanoccasionforallfamilymemberstogettogether,likeChristmasintheWest.ButmanytraditionalcustomsaccompanyingtheSpringFestival,however,haveweakenedinpractice.
SettingofffireworkswasoncethemosttypicalcustomoftheSpringFestival.Peoplethoughtthesputtering(爆裂)soundcouldhelpdriveawayevilspirits.However,theactivityhasbeencompletelyorpartiallyforbiddeninbigcitiesforyearsasthegovernmenthastakensecurity,noiseandpollutionfactorsintoconsideration.
“Inrecentyears,somecitieshavebeguntoallowpeopletolightfireworksduringlimitedhoursattheSpringFestival,surrenderingto(屈从于)publicdemand.Respectingfolktraditionsisagestureofrespecttowardpublicopinion,”saidZhouXing,afolkloreresearcher.
“Aspeoplegainmoreincomeanditbecomeseasiertobuydailygoods,theNewYearholidayisjustlikeanyother.Afterlongworkdays,manypeopleusetheNewYearholidaytotakearest,ratherthanvisitingfriendsandneighbors.TheprocessofmakingandenjoyingthefamilydinneronSpringFestivalEveisthemostimportantthing.However,manyfamilieswouldliketoeatouttosavetimeandenergy,”saidLiShunzhi,aresidentofHarbin,Heilongjiang.
“Ienjoytheholidaysverymuchinthecountryside.MyfamilyhasbeenpreparingfortheSpringFestivalmorethantwoweeksbeforetheholiday,cleaningthehouse,buyingholidaygoodsanddecoratingthehousewithpapercuttings.OnNewYear’sEve,thewholefamilystaysuptoseetheNewYearin,andinthedaystofollow,aseriesofactivitiessuchasliondancing,dragonlanterndancing,lanternfestivalsandtemplefairswillbeheld.Withouttheancienttraditions,theholidayisnothingtous,”saidZhangHui,fromHebei.
9.WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?
A.Settingofffireworkshasbeenforbiddeninsomebigcitiesforyears.
B.Nowadays,peoplecanlightfireworksinsomecitiesattheSpringFestival.
C.Peoplebelievethatthesoundoffireworkscandriveawayevilspirits.
D.Inthepast,settingofffireworkscouldn’tbeseenalmostanywhere.
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
根据第二段的第一句“SettingofffireworkswasoncethemosttypicalcustomoftheSpringFestival.”可知,过去放鞭炮是过春节最典型的传统习俗,应该到处可见,故选D。
10.WhatLiShunzhisaidimplies________.
A.whatpeopledoduringthefestivalnowisdifferentfromthepast
B.peoplewouldliketohavethefamilydinneronSpringFestivalEve
C.peopleprefertovisitfriendsandneighborsratherthantakearest
D.theNewYearholiday
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