全国硕士研究生考试英语一真题及答案Word文档格式.docx
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全国硕士研究生考试英语一真题及答案Word文档格式.docx
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,studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter
8
muscles,decreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown
Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp
9
theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anyway,theactoglaughingprobablydoes
11
oneclassicaltheoryofemtion,ourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted
12
physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendof19thcentrythathumensdonotcry
13
theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbeginstoflow
Althiughsadnessalso
14
tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow
15
muscularresponses.Inanexperimemtpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwiirzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto
16
apeneigherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile-orwiththeirlips,whichwouldproducea(n)
17
expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisethrieenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown,
19
thatexpressionmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround
20
thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood
1.[A]
among
[B]except
[C]despite
[D]like
2.[A]
reflect
[B]demend
[C]indicate
[D]produce
3.[A]
stabilizing
[B]boosting
[C]impairing
[D]determining
4.[A]
transmit
[B]sustain
[C]evaluate
[D]observe
5.[A]
measurable
[B]manageable
[C]affordable
[D]renewable
6.[A]
Inturn
[B]
Infact
[C]Inaddition
[D]Inbrief
7.[A]opposite
[B]impossible
[C]average
[D]expected
8.[A]hardens
[B]weakens
[C]tightens
[D]relaxes
9.[A]aggravate
[B]generate
[C]morderate
[D]enhance
10.[A]physical
[B]mental
[C]subcinscious
[D]intermal
11.[A]Exceptfor
[B]Accordingto
[C]Dueto
[D]Asfor
12.[A]with
[B]on
[C]in
[D]at
13.[A]unless
[B]until
[C]if
[D]
because
14.[A]exhausts
[B]follows
[C]precedes
[D]supresses
15.[A]
into
[B]form
[C]
towards
[D]beyond
16.[A]
fecth
[B]form
pick
[D]hold
17.[A]
disappointed
[B]excited
joyful
[D]indifferent
18.[A]adapted
[B]catered
[C]turned
reacted
19.[A]suggesting
[B]
requiring
[C]mentioning
[D]supposing
20.[A]Eventually
[B]Consequently
[C]Similatly
[D]Conversely
SectionⅡReadingComprehension
PartA
Readingthefollowingfourstexts.AnswerthequestionbeloweachtextbyChoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Markyouransweron
ANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
ThedecisionoftheNewYorkphilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast“Hooray!
Atlast!
”wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic
Oneofthereasonwhytheappiontmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilberiscommparativelylittleknownEvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimes,callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim。
”AsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatsemmslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintprwise
Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.Tobesure,beperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcomposition,butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeramddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicformiTumes
Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theeatercompanies,andmuseums,butalsowiththerecorsedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Thererecordingarecheap,availableeverwhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilytyofsuchrecordinghasthusbroughtaboutactisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalcouncert
Onepossiblereponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattravtivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecors.Gilbert’sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:
AlexRoss,aclassical-musiccritic,hasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhiharmonicinto“amarkedlydifferent,morevibrantorganization”Butwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifference?
Merely,expandingtheorchestra’srepertorrewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthrPhilharmonicaretosucceed,theymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica’aolderestorchestraandthenewaudienceithopstoattract。
21.WelearnfromPara1thatGilbert’sappointmenthas
[A]incuredcriticism
[B]raisedsuspicion
[C]raceivedacclaim
[D]aroundcuriousity
22.TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois
[A]influential
[B]modest
[C]respectable
[D]talented
23.Theautherbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers
[A]ingoretheexpenseofliveperformance
[B]rejectmostkindsofrecordedperformance
[C]exaggeratethevarietyofliveperformanc
[D]overestimatethevarietyofliveperformance
24.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings?
[A]Theyareofteninterrortoliveconcertsinquality
[B]Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegenralpublic
[C]Theyhelpimprovethequalityofmusic
[D]Theyhaveonlyconveredmasterpieces
25.RegardingGilbert’sroleinrevitalixingthePhilharmonic,theauthirfeels
[A]doubtful
[B]enthusisastic
[C]confident
[D]puzzled
Text2
WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexpanationwassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexitintheusualvagueexcuses,hecamerightoutandsaidhewasleavingtopresuemygoalofrunningacompany,broadcastinghisambition"
wasverymuchmydecision,"
McGeesays.Withintwoweeks,hewastalkingforthefirsttimewiththeboardofHartfordFinancialServicesGroup,whichnamedhimCEOandchairmanonSeptember29.
MaGeesaysleavingwithoutapositionlinedupgavehimtimetorefectonwhatkindofcompanyhewantedtorun.Italsosentaclearmessagetotheoutsideworldabouthisaspirations.AndMcGeeisn'
talone.InrecentweekstheNO.2executivesAvonandAmericanExpressquitwiththeexplanationthattheywerelookingforaCEOpost.Asboardsscrutinizesuccessionplansinresponsebusinessenvironmentalsohasseniormanagerscautiousoflettingvaguepronouncementscloudtheirreputations。
Asthefirstsignsofrecoverybegintotakehold,deputychiefsmaybemorewillingtomakethejumpwithoutanet.Inthethirdquarter,CEoturnoverwasdown23%fromayearagoasnervousboardsstuckwiththeleaderstheyhad,accordingtoLiberumResearch.Astheeconomypicksup,opportunitieswillaboundforaspiringleaders。
Thedecisiontoquitaseniorpositiontolookforabetteroneisunconventional.ForyearsexecutivesandheadhuntershaveadheredtotherulethatthemostattractiveCEOcandidatesaretheoneswhomustbepoached.SaysKrnFerryseniorpartnerDennisCarey,"
Ican'
tthinkofasinglesearchI'
vedonewhereaboardhasnotinstructedmetolookatsittingCEOsfirst."
Thosewhojumpedwithoutajobhaven'
talwayslandedintoppositionsquickly.EllenMarramquitaschiefofTropicanaadecadeage,sayingshewantedtobeaCEO.ItwasayearbeforeshebecameheadofatinyInternet-basedcommoditiedexchange.RobertWillumstadleftCItigroupin2005withambitionstobeaCEO.Hefinallytookthatpostatamajorfinancialinstiturionthreeyearslater。
Manyrecruiterssaytheolddisgraceisfadingfortopperformers.Thefinancialcrisishasmadeitmoreacceptabletobebetweenjobsortoleaveabadon."
Thetraditionalrulewasit'
ssafertostaywhereyouare,buthat'
sbeenfundamentallyinverted,"
saysoneheadhunter."
Thepeoplewho'
vebeenhurttheworstarethosewho'
vestayedtoolong"
26.WhenMcGeeannouncedhisdeparture,hismannercanbestbedescribedasbeing()
A.ArrogantB.frankC.self-centeredD.impulsive
27.AccordingtoParagraph2,seniorexecutivesquittingmaybespurredby()
A.theirexpectationofbetterfinancialstatus
B.theirneedtoreflectontheirprivate
life
C.theirstrainedrelationswiththeboards
D.theirpursuitofnewcareergoals
28.Theword"
poached"
(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans
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