英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编UnitAKaleidoscopeofCulture听力原文Word格式.docx
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英语听力教程第三版张民伦主编UnitAKaleidoscopeofCulture听力原文Word格式.docx
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A:
Areyoureadyforthetriptothemuseumin"
theBigApple"
Icanhardlywait.
B:
"
TheBigApple"
Whatareyoutalkingabout
isthenicknameforNewYorkCity.YouaregoingtoNewYorkwithus,aren'
tyou
Yes,I'
mgoing.I'
mespeciallylookingforwardtoseeingtheMuseumofModernArt.There'
saspecialshowof20thcenturyAmericanpaintersthere.But,tellme,wheredidthenickname"
comefrom
Thejazzmusiciansofthe1920sareresponsibleforthename.Whentheyplayedaconcertinacity,theycalledthatcityanapple.OfcourseNewYorkwasthebiggestcityinthecountryandbestplaceforajazzconcert.Sothemusicianscalledit"
.
Amazing!
NewYorkissuchafascinatingplaceanditevenhasaninterestingnickname,onethatit'
shadformorethan50years.
Britainisfamousforitspubs,whereyoucansampleapintofBritishbeer,enjoygood-valuebarmealsandsavorthefriendlyatmosphere.Thepubboastsanexcellentrangeofhotandcoldbarsnacksorawideselectionofhome-cookedmealswithawarmandrelaxedatmosphere.
TherearevisitorswhocometoEnglandandleavethinkingtheyhaveneverbeeninsideapub.Theydon'
trealizethatthewords"
pub"
or"
publichouse"
arerarelyincludedinthetitleoftheplace.Sohowdoyouknowwhetherabuildingisapubandwhatdoesapubofferthevisitor
Thefirstthingtolookforisalargesigneitherhangingoverthestreetorplacedonapoleoutsidethebuilding.ThissignmayhaveanamelikeTheKingsArms,TheBlackRabbitorTheDukeofKendaloranappropriatepicture.Manypubshavenameslinkedtoroyalty,popularheroes,sportsorgreatoccasions.ThereisapubcalledTheConcordeafterthenewairliner.
OnthedoorsofapubyoumayseethewordsSaloonBarorPublicBar.TheSaloonBarismorecomfortablyfurnished.OccasionallythewordsFreeHousecanbeseenbesidethenameofthepub.Thisdoesn'
tmeantheyservefreefoodanddrink;
itreferstothefactthatthepubdoesn'
tbuyitsdrinksfromoneparticularbreweryonly.Itisn'
ta"
tiedhouse"
--tiedtoabrewery.
Theservicesapuboffersvaryaroundthecountry.Thebasicserviceisthesaleofalcoholicdrinkatcertaintimesoftheday.Openingtimes,astheseperiodsareoftencalled,areusuallyfrom10.30a.m.to3p.m.andfrom6p.m.to11p.m.onweekdays.OnSundaystheopeningtimesare12noonuntil2p.m.and7-10.30p.m.althoughthesetimescanvaryslightlyaccordingtotheregion.Pubscanalsoofferfoodandaccommodation.Tohelpvisitors,anexperimentalsystemofsymbolshasbeentriedoutinSouthernEnglandandEastAnglia.Thesesymbolsindicatejustwhatisavailablefromaparticularpub.
PartIITimessquare
TimesSquareisintheheartofNewYorkCity.Everyyear,TimesSquareisthecenterofworldwideattentiononNewYear'
sEvebecauseoftherooftopcelebrationstousherintheNewYear.Apartfromthat,therearesomeotherthingsthatmakeTimesSquarefamous.
"
TimesSquareisNewYork."
ThosearethewordsoftheheadoftheTimesSquareAlliance,acoalitionofareabusinesses.ThemillionsofvisitorstoTimesSquareeachyearwouldprobablyagree.Theareahasoneofthemostrecognizablenamesintheworld.But,TimesSquareisnotreallyasquare.ItisthenamefortheareaaroundwhereBroadwaycrosses42ndStreetinManhattan.TheTimesSquareareastretchesmorethantenblocksnorthtosouth.Theborderstotheeastandwestareuneven.Somepeoplecalltheshapeoftheareaabowtie.
TimesSquaregetsitsnamefromTheNewYorkTimesnewspaper.In1904,thenewspaperbegantobuilditsheadquartersinwhatwasthencalledLongAcreSquare.Thecity'
sundergroundtrainsystembuiltastopundertheTimesTower.ThecityrenamedtheareaTimesSquare.
OnDecember31st,1904,thenewspaperheldabigcelebrationinTimesSquaretowelcometheNewYear.Fireworkslitthesky.Celebrationshavetakenplaceeveryyearsincethen.Now,crowdsalsowatchabigglassballslidedownapoleastheNewYeararrives.
HundredsofbusinessesareinTimesSquare.ThealliancesaystwentypercentofallhotelroomsinNewYorkCityareinTimesSquare.ItsaysTimesSquarealsohasaboutsixandone-halfmillionsquaremetersofofficespace.Andmoreisbeingbuilt.
TimesSquareishometofamousBroadwaytheaters.Andseveraltelevisioncompanieshavestudiosthere.MTVisoneofthem.TimesSquareisprobablymostfamousforitshugecolorfulsigns.ThealliancesaysTimesSquareistheonlyplaceinNewYorkwherebusinessesarerequiredtousethem.
ItisanothertypicalmorninginTimesSquare:
Taxicabsblaretheirhorns,15footbillboardslookdownoverthrongsofpeoplehurryingby,andinthemiddleofitall,membersofasmashBroadwaymusicalclimbuponastagetodanceandsingforthetourists.
TheentertainmentisbeingorganizedbytheTimesSquareBusinessImprovementDistrict,thepeopleresponsibleformakingtheareaaswelcomingtotouristsaspossible.Rightnow,thesquareiscrowdedandbusinessisbooming.Somuchso,infact,thatseveralsidewalkshadtobewidenedrecentlytocopewiththeincreaseinvisitors.AndsomeNewYorkersareevenpushingfortheentireareatobeofflimitstotraffic:
modelingTimesSquareafteraEuropeanplaza.
Ithasnotalwaysbeenthisway.Untiladecadeorsoago,TimesSquarehadthewell-deservedreputationofaseedyneighborhoodteemingwithprostitutesanddrugdealers.Asizeablepartofthearea'
seconomycamefromstoressellingpornographyorcheapknock-offgoods.Thecitygovernmentneglectedthearea,spendinglittleofitstourismbudgetonimprovements.
Buttoday,theaters,restaurantsandupscalestoreshavereplacedthesexshops.AthrivingpartnershipbetweenCityHallandprivatebusinesses,suchasDisneyCompany,hasrevitalizedTimesSquare.
ThecurrentmayorofNewYorkCity,RudyGiuliani,hasmadeitaprioritytocleanupthearea.Crimerateshavedeclinedandvisitorsfeelalotsaferonthesquare.PartofthatefforthasinvolvedtheTimesSquareBusinessImprovementDistrictanditsPresident,BrendanSexton.
Mr.SextonandhiscolleaguesarelaunchinganewlineofTimesSquareclothingandaccessorieswhich,theyhope,willcompetewitheverythingelseonoffertovisitorstoNewYork.InsteadofjustpassingthroughTimesSquareandstoppingonlytotakeapictureofalltheflashinglightsandneonsigns,Mr.Sextonhopestouristswillstopandshop,andbringalittlepieceoftherevitalizedTimesSquarehomewiththem.
PartIIIAmericanslovechocolate
Chocolateisoneofthemostpopularholidaygifts.Giftsofchocolatemoldedintodifferentshapeshavebecometraditionaloncertainholidays.ChocolatebunniesandeggsarepopularonEaster,chocolatecoinsonHanukkah,snowmenandotherholidaysymbolsonChristmas,andchocolateheartsorchocolateinheart-shapedboxesonValentine'
sDay.Chocolatemostcommonlycomesindark,milk,andwhitevarieties,withcocoasolidscontributingtothebrowncolor.
ChocolateisasbigapartofAmericancultureasbaseballandapplepie.Butitsrootsrunmuchdeeper.
CheriFriedmanknowshowmuchAmericaloveschocolate.Sheisco-ownerofKronChocolatiers,asmall,gourmetchocolateshopthatopened32yearsagoinWashington,D.C.
Ithinkit'
soneofthebestcomfortfoodsthereis.It'
seasytoeat.Itmeltsinyourmouth.There'
sawarmsensation."
FriedmansaysshetakesprideinthefactthatKron'
schocolatesaremadewiththefinestingredients,rightonthepremises.
Americans'
loveofchocolatehashelpedtomakeitabigbusinessinthiscountry.MarkSeslerisseniorvicepresidentofmarketingatRussellStoverCandies,oneofthelargestmanufacturersofchocolateintheUnitedStates.
AccordingtoSesler,theindustrygotitsstartintheearly1900swithsmall-scalechocolatierssuchasStevenWhitman,andClaireandRussellStover.Theystartedwithsmallstores--muchlikeKron--butsoonexpandedtheirbusinessintobroadermarkets--thanks,Seslernotes,toanimportanttechnologicaladvance.
It'
stheadventofrefrigerationthathasreallymadetheavailabilityofchocolateveryprevalentthroughouttheUnitedStates.Ithinkchocolatehassecureditsplaceasadelectabletreatforanumberofsocietiesandanumberofcountries.SoIthinkwe'
rejustoneofmanycountrieswhoenjoythedelicacythatischocolate."
SusanFussellisspokespersonfortheNationalConfectioner'
sAssociation,atradegroupthatrepresentsvirtuallyeveryonewho'
sinvolvedintheproductionandsaleofcandyintheUnitedStates.
AndwhydoesFussellthinkchocolateissouniversallypopular
Wellthere'
sreallynothinglikechocolate...Oneofthemainingredientsinchocolateiscocoabutter.Andcocoabuttermeltsatbodytemperature.Sowhenyouputchocolateinyourmouth,ithasamouthfeelthat'
sunlikeanyotherfoodthatyoueat.Ithasthatmelt-in-your-mouthsensationrightthereonyourtongue,anditisveryhardtoapproximatethatwithanyotherfood."
Madefromtheseedofthetropicalcacaotree,chocolatedatesback
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