高考英语完型填空解题策略与技巧PPT格式课件下载.ppt
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高考英语完型填空解题策略与技巧PPT格式课件下载.ppt
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30,CDB,Who:
I,thepilotRecentlyLasVegasattendameeting,therewouldbeaslight_beforesettingdown,B,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,DAD,keeping,blood,notice,_,_,_,D,community,_,_,35.A.ragB.hatC.pocketD.counter39.A.wordsB.effortC.spaceD.money,hat,money,BD,BC,_,_,dog,explore,策略四了解文化背景知识,培养学生跨文化理解能力中西方的文化差异主要体现在以下几个方面:
1.价值观与道德标准的差异西方人崇拜个人奋斗,尤其会为个人取得的成就而自豪,从来不掩饰自己的自信心,荣誉感以及在获得成就后的狂喜。
相反,中国文化不主张炫耀个人荣誉,而是提倡谦虚。
中国人反对王婆卖瓜式的自吹自擂,然而中国式的自我谦虚或自我否定却常常使西方人大为不满。
“YourEnglishisverygood.”“No,myEnglishisverypoor.”;
“Youvedoneaverygoodjob.”“No,Idontthinkso.Itstheresultofjointefforts.”在西方人看来,这种谦虚不仅否定了自己,也否定了赞扬者的鉴赏力。
2.社会礼仪的差异中国人见面喜欢问对方姓名年龄单位及收入等。
而西方人很讨厌人家问及年龄及收入。
中国人路遇熟人总爱寒暄到:
“吃饭了妈?
”“到哪儿去?
”“上班呀?
”等。
在我们看来这是一种有礼貌的打招呼用于,而若你跟西方人这样打招呼“Haveyouhadyourmeal?
”“Whereareyougoing?
”他们则会认为你想请他吃饭或者干涉其私事,会引起误解。
西方人见面,通常招呼道:
“Hello!
”“Howdoyoudo!
”“Itsaniceday,isntit?
”对于别人的赞扬,中国人通常表示谦虚,并有一套谦虚之词,比如“惭愧,哪里,寒舍,拙文”等。
而西方人总是高兴地回答Thankyou以表接受。
中国人用“谢谢”的场合较西方人少,尤其是非常亲近的朋友或家庭成员之间不常说“谢谢”。
而西方人整天把Thankyou挂在嘴边,即使是亲朋好友和家庭成员之间也常如此。
中国人收到礼物时往往放到一边,看也不看(生怕人家说贪心)。
而西方人收到礼物时要当着客人的面马上打开并连声称好。
中国人殷勤好客,一杯杯斟酒,一遍遍上菜,客人不吃不行,不喝也不行,使西方人觉得难以对付。
而西方人的习惯是:
Helpyourself,please!
中国人送客人时,主人与客人常说“慢走,小心点,再见,走好啊,你们进去吧,请留步“等。
而西方人只说Bye,seeyoulater,seeyounexttime,goodnight等。
3.社会习俗的差异对女性的态度,美国妇女和中国妇女的地位都不高,但美国妇女却有幸能享受许多传统的骑士习俗,尊重妇女的礼节在美国社会随处可见:
男士为女士开门;
男士扶女士下车;
在马路上,男士走外侧,女士走内侧,以便给女士提供保护;
女士进餐厅时,所有的男士都要起立;
餐桌前,男士要为女士拉开椅子,待女士站好了再把椅子送回女士的身后,请她就坐。
例一IwillneverforgettheyearIwasabouttwelveyearsold.Mymothertoldusthatwewouldnotbe_21_Christmasgiftsbecausetherewasnotenoughmoney,Ifeltsadandthought,“WhatwouldIsaywhentheotherkidsaskedwhatId_22_?
”(2010浙江卷)21.A.sendingB.receivingC.makingD.exchanging22.A.foundB.preparedC.gotD.expected,BC,_,_,例二RobertMoody,52,isanexperiencedpoliceofficer.Muchofhisworkinvolvesdealingwith_16_andgang(团伙)problemsintheschoolsofhiscommunity.Knowingthatmanykidsoften_17_trouble,hedecidedtodosomethingaboutit-(2010天津卷)16.A.drinkingB.drugC.securityD.smoking17.A.ranintoB.gotoverC.leftbehindD.lookedinto,BA,_,例三I_34_anddroppedallthecoinsintohis35hat,andhesmiledatme,Iwatchedforawhile.As_36_asitsounds,Iexpectedsomethingmoretocomefromthatmoment-afeelingof_37_orsatisfaction,forexample.(2010陕西卷)34.A.waitedB.followedC.stoppedD.arrived36.A.selfishB.awkwardC.innocentD.special37.A.happinessB.sadnessC.loveD.hate,CAA,_,_,_,策略五增强语篇知识语篇一般指比句子长的语言单位,如句群,段落,篇章等。
语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语,这些词语被称为“语篇标志语”。
如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等;
表示因果关系的有thus,therefore,so等;
表示改变话题的有bytheway,onthecontrary等;
表示递进关系的有besides,whatsmore,further等;
表示时间关系的有before,sofar,yetmeanwhile,later等;
表示转折关系的but,while等。
考生做题时如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语,就可以迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文之间的联系。
例一Firstofall,apenshouldfitcomfortablyinyourhandandbe40easytouse.Thethicknessofthepenisthemostimportantcharacteristic41determiningcomfort.Havingasmallhandandthickfingers,youmaybecomfortablewithathinpen.Ifyouhavea42largerhandandthickerfingers,youmay43preferafatterpen.Thelengthofapencan_44_influencecomfort.Apenthatistoo45longcaneasilyfeeltopheavyandunstable.Then,thewritingpointofthepenshould46allowtheinktoflowevenlywhilethepenremainsintouchwiththepaper.47Thiswillmakeitpossibleforyoutocreatea48smoothlineofwriting.Thepointshouldalsobesensitiveenoughto49preventinkfromrunningwhenthepenislifted.Apointthatdoesntblockthe50flowmayleavedropsofink,_51_youpickthepenupandputitdownagain.,_,_,_,also,_,_,as,_52_,thepenshouldmakeathick,darkline.Fine-linepensmay53compensatebadhandwriting,butfine,delicatelinesdonotcommand54attentionnexttoprintedtext,as,55forexampleasignatureonaprintedletter.Abroaderline,ontheotherhand,givesanimpressionofconfidenceandauthority.(2010安徽卷)44.A.hardlyB.alsoC.neverD.still51.A.soB.asC.andD.yet52.A.MeanwhileB.GenerallyC.AfterwardsD.Finally,BBD,_,例二WhenIfirstentereduniversity,myaunt,whoisanEnglishprofessor,gavemeanewEnglishdictionary.Iwas36(surprised)toseethatitwasanEnglish-Englishdictionary,alsoknownasamonolingualdictionary.37_itwasadictionaryintendedfornon-nativelearners,noneofmyclassmateshadone_38_,tobehonest,Ifounditextremely39(difficult)touseatfirst.Iwouldlookupwordsinthedictionaryand_40_notfullyunderstandthemeaning,Iwasusedtothe41(familiar)bilingualdictionaries,inwhichthewordsare42(explained)bothinEnglishandChinese,Ireallywonderedwhymyaunt43(decided)tomakethingssodifficultforme.Now,afterstudyingEnglishatuniversityforthreeyears,I_44_thatmonolingualdictionariesare45(better)inlearningaforeignlanguage.(2010辽宁卷),37.A.BecauseB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.If38.A.butB.soC.orD.and40.A.thusB.evenC.stillD.again44.A.imagineB.recommendC.predictD.understand,BDCD,_,_,策略六对作者意图的理解推测作者的意图。
完形填空题的取材大多是记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。
无论记人或记事,首句至关重要,首句通常就是文章的主旨或是告诉你文章的总的背景。
人物时间地点以及其他许多重要信息都可能从中得到,而且可以推测作者大概要写一个什么样的故事。
如果忽略了首句,就会对下文出现的许多情节感到突然,甚至不能理解。
同时,不要过多地注意某一个细节或者某一个题目;
最后我们要关注文章结尾,以确定作者的写作意图或者观点。
例一AnotherpersonsenthusiasmwaswhatsetmemovingtowardthesuccessIhaveachieved.Thatpersonwasmystepmother.-Thisisnottheworstboyatall,41(but)thesmartestonewhohasntyetfoundanoutlet(释放的途径)forhisenthusiasm.-.thatshebelievedthatIcouldbecomeawriter.Iknewherenthusiasm.Whatpower53(enthusiasm)has!
Whenthatpowerisreleasedtosupportthecertaintyofonespurposeandis54(constantly)strengthenedbyfaith,itbecomesanirresistible(不可抗拒的)forcewhichpovertyandtemporarydefeatcannever55(match).Youcancommunicatethatpowertoanyonewhoneedsit.Thisisprobablythegreatestworkyoucandowithyourenthusiasm.(2010江苏卷),例二Behindourhouseisthestartofafascinatingtrail(小径).Thistrailisoneoftheoldroadsthatwindthroughuntoldmilesofforest.My36dog,Beans,andIwalkthetrailfrequently.Normally,Beanssniffsalongsidethetrailtofollowthesmellofadeertrackor37exploresomecauseknownonlytohim.Soonitbecame42apparentthatweweregettingnowhere.Ibegantopicturetherestofthedayinthe43forest,withoutfoodordrink.Wehadwalkedabouttenmiles.ButBeansseemedtotally44unconcerned.Thesniffingandexploringwasgoingwellforhim.,Finally,we45cametoacrossroadnearahighway.LadyLucksuggestedIshouldturnleft.Wedidand46shortlyreachedacottagebesideafield.Iknockedonthedoorandexplainedmysituationtoanoldman.Helaughedandthendroveushome.Sinceouradventure,I47concludedthatBeansprobablyknewallalonghowtogethome.Hewasjusthavingtoomuchfunexploringnewtrails.(2010湖南卷),例三Amanwhoknowshowtowriteapersonalletterhasaverypowerfultool.Alettercanbeenjoyed,readand21reread.Itcansetupawarmconversationbetweentwopeoplefarapart(远离的);
itcankeepa22promisewithverylittleeffort.Iwillgive23anexample.Afewyearsagomyolderbrotherandlwerenotgetting24along.Wehadbeencloseas25childrenbuthadgrownapart-Itmightneverhaveoccurredto36mybrothertowritemeifhehadnotbeeninaplacewheretherewereno37phones.Forhim,writingwasanecessity.Italsoturnedouttobethebestwayforustogetbackintouch.Becauseweliveinanageof38easycommunication,peopleoften39forgetthattheydontalwayshavetophoneoremail.Theyhavea40choice.Andthatistowrite.(2010全国卷2),策略七体会作者对人物或事情的态度考生在阅读文章的时候,应在掌握文章大意,弄清作者思路的基础上,着重寻找反映作者态度的标志性词汇或句子。
作者在写作的过程中,难免会夹杂自己的情感,因此在做题的过程中,考生要仔细体会作者对所描述的人物或者发生的事件的态度,这样将有助于确定正确的答案。
【典例1】Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure,theentireairplanebecamevery30(quiet).Therewasnowasenseofanxietyandfearthatcouldbe31(clearly)noticedEverypassengersimplyheldonfordearlifeexceptone.A32(baby)washavingagoodtime!
Witheachbumpofthe33(airplane)!
hewouldletoutagiggle(咯咯的笑)ofdelightAsIobservedthis,I34(realized)thathedidntknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthis35(safety)HeneitherthoughtaboutthepastnoraboutthefutureThosearewhatwegrownupshavelearnedfrom36(experience).Hewas37(enjoying)theridebecausehehadnotyetbeentaughttofearit.Havingunderstoodthis,Itookadeepbreathand38(sat)backintomyseat,pretendingIwas39(really)onarollercoaster.Ismiledfortherestoftheflight.Ieven40(managed)togiggleonceortwice,muchtothechagrin(随恼)ofthemansittingnexttomeholdingtheairsicknessbag.(2010.四川卷),【典例2】Mrs.Neidls43(motto)thatyearwas,Tryit.Wecanalwayspaintoverit44(later)!
Ibegantotake45(risks).Ihadbeensoafraidoffailingbutsuddenlytherewasnofailing-onlythingstobe46(improved)upon.Ilearnedtodipmybrushintothepaintand47(confidently)createsomething.Theshy,quietfreshmanachievedsuccessthatyear.Iwas48(recognized)intheprogramasStudentArtAssistantbecauseofthetimeandeffortIdputin.ItwasthatyearthatI49(realized)Iwantedtospendtherestofmylifedoingstagedesign.Beingonthatstage-designteam50(with)Mrs.Neidlchangedmecompletely.NotonlywasIstrongerandmorecompetentthanIhadthought,butIalso51(discovered)astronginterestandaworldIhadntknownexisted.Shetaughtmenotto52(care)whatpeoplethinkIshoulddo:
Shetaughtmetotakechancesandnotbe53(afraid).Mrs.NeidlwasmycomforterwhenIwasupset.Her54(trust)inmehasinspiredmetodothingsthatIneverimagined55(possible).(2010.北京卷),【典例2】Mrs.Neidls43(motto)thatyearwas,Tryit.Wecanalwayspaintoverit44(later)!
Ibegantotake
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